Agricultural Economics
Agricultural Economics is a Environment concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 7 past MPSC questions across 6 exam years between 2013 and 2025. Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.
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औद्योगिक देशांत पूर्वी चांगल्या प्रजातींची पैदास करणारे शेतकरी आजकाल करत नाहीत कारण : In industrial countries the farmers who earlier did plant breeding are no more resorting to it because :
(a)शासकीय शास्त्रज्ञ आता ते स्वतः करीत आहेत / Govt. scientists want to take it upon themselves.
(b)खाजगी कंपन्या हे काम आपल्या लाभासाठी करत आहेत. / Private companies undertake plant breeding for their interests
(c)शेतकरी दुसऱ्या कामात व्यग्र आहेत. / The farmers are busy otherwise.
(d)शेतकऱ्यांना आपली जमीन दुसऱ्या कामासाठी वापरायची आहे. / The farmers want to put their land to other use.
In industrialized nations, traditional on-farm plant breeding has declined because government scientists, private seed corporations, busy schedules, and land-use diversification have all collectively shifted the landscape.
खालीलपैकी कोणते प्रमुख धोरणात्मक हस्तक्षेप हे भारतातील भू-सुधारणांचा भाग होते ? Which of the following major policy interventions are the part of the land reforms in India ?
(a)मध्यस्थांचे निर्मूलन / Abolition of intermediaries
(b)कूळ पद्धती सुधारणा / Tenancy reforms
(c)जमीन धारणेवर कमाल मर्यादा निश्चिती / Fixing ceilings on land holdings
(d)भू-धारणांचे एकत्रीकरण / Consolidation of land holdings
Land reforms in independent India comprehensively included the abolition of intermediaries (like Zamindars), tenancy reforms to protect tenants, fixing ceilings on agricultural land holdings to redistribute surplus land, and consolidation of fragmented land holdings.
पुढील दोन विधानांचा विचार करा. Consider the following two statements :
(a)शेतकऱ्यांसाठी व खाजगी कंपन्यांना सगळ्यांनाच अधिक नफा हीच बाब सर्वात महत्वाची राहिली आहे. / Higher profits is the main consideration for the farmers and the private companies all alike.
(b)अधिक चांगले वाण निर्माण करण्यास्तव जंगली वनस्पती लागवड केल्या जात असलेल्या प्रजातींना नेहमीच नियमितपणे मदत केली आहे. / The wild crops have regularly helped their cultivated counter parts throughout the history in producing superior varieties.
Statement (a) is correct as profit maximization is a core goal for commercial farming and private entities. Statement (b) is incorrect because historically wild crops have contributed to breeding, but the phrasing or premise in standard texts regarding absolute regularity or specific context makes it false here.
पहिल्या हरितक्रांतीत खालीलपैकी कोणत्या गोष्टीची काळजी घेतली नाही ? / The first Green Revolution did not take care of which of the following areas ?
(a)कोर्डवाहू प्रदेश / Rainfed areas
(b)किनारी प्रदेश / Coastal areas
(c)सुपीक जमिनीचे प्रदेश / Fertile soil areas
(d)वाळवंटी प्रदेश / Arid areas
The first Green Revolution primarily targeted well-irrigated and fertile soil regions, thereby neglecting rainfed (koradwahu), coastal, and arid regions.
भारतातील शेतीच्या आदिम स्वरूपाचा ग्रामीण समाजावर कसा परिणाम होतो ? / How does the premitive nature of agriculture in India affect rural society ?
(a)गरीबी दूर करते. / It eliminates poverty.
(b)कृषी उत्पादनात वाढ होते. / It increases agricultural production.
(c)त्यातून सांस्कृतिक विविधता येते. / It leads to cultural diversity.
(d)याचा परिणाम पिरामिडल सामाजिक-आर्थिक प्रणालीमध्ये होतो. / It result in a pyramidal socio-economic system.
The primitive nature of Indian agriculture perpetuates unequal land distribution and subsistence farming, resulting in a pyramidal socio-economic structure with a large impoverished base and few rich landowners.