Demography is an concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 7 past MPSC questions across 5 exam years between 2015 and 2024. Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.
Basic demographic concepts like birth rate and death rateBasic Demography TermsFactors affecting birth rateBirth rate and death rate conceptsDemographic TransitionCensus basicsCensus terminologyPopulation growth theoriesBasic demographic terms (Birth rate, Death rate)Census general trendsPopulation studies basicsHuman development indicators
What mastering this unlocks
Missing Women PhenomenonGender BiasMigration DirectionGlobal Inequality
Real questions that test this
Manpower development during the next quarter century _________.
1)will be adversely affected by the threat of war
2)will come from the world's present population of infants, children and adolescents✓ Correct
3)will be well taken care of by the current emphasis of free education for women
4)will be adversely affected by the country's economic losses and political instability
Future manpower development logically depends upon the current generation of infants, children, and adolescents who will grow up to join the workforce.
सकल प्रजनन/पुनरुत्पादन दर म्हणजे
Total Fertility Rate refers to
1)लग्नापासून स्त्रीने जन्म दिलेली एकूण बालके / The number of children a woman has given birth to since marriage
2)एका वर्षात जन्मलेली बालके वजा मृत बालके / Total number of children born minus total number of children that died in a given year
3)जन्म दर वजा मृत्यू दर / Birth rate minus Death rate
4)स्त्रीच्या संपूर्ण जननकाळात जीवंत प्रसूती झालेली नवजात अर्भके / The number of live births by a woman during the entire reproductive period✓ Correct
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) represents the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime if she were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates through her reproductive years.
Read the following passage and answer the questions from 11 to 15:
Population Growth
Population growth is a serious issue not only in India but all over the World. India is second largest country after China. It is estimated by 2035 India is going to surpass China and becoming number one, if population growth goes unchecked.
Demography is the science of population. It includes mortality, fertility and migration as three decisive components of population growth. Its main concerns are the measurements and discovery of uniformities in the basic processes of human birth, death, population movement and population growth.
Prof. Malthus, well known thinker on the issue of population, suggested two basic postulates: (i) Food is necessary for the existence of man and (ii) Passion between the sexes is necessary. According to him, population if goes unchecked increases in a geometric ratio (1, 2, 4, 8, ...) while the subsistence increases only in an arithmetic ratio (1, 2, 3, 4, ...). He advocated two checks on population i.e. positive checks and preventive checks.
Population variables are of two kinds - stock and flow. The important source of information is national censuses which is carried out in India after every ten years. Population enumeration is due in 2021. This document is considered as primary which reflects on the trends of growth, rate of fertility, rate of mortality, migration, rural - urban population, sex ratio, population of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes etc. Needless to say, it helps to the policy planners and demographers to adopt appropriate policy measures to handle the population growth.
Taking into account the unchecked growth of the population the policy instituted by the government of India to influence at least one of the demographic components of population change. Population policy seeks to enhance the welfare of the society collectively. An effective population policy rests upon knowledge about the demographic trends, its likely future course, and its causes and consequences.
In short population policy promotes small family norms, delayed marriage for girls, control the spread of communicable diseases, reduce infant mortality rate, immunization programmes for children etc.
All these measures, if implemented properly, will definitely bring down the growth of population.
भारतातील वाढती लोकसंख्या नियंत्रित करण्यासाठी प्रामुख्याने कोणते/ती उपाययोजना करणे अत्यावश्यक आहे ? / In order to control the population growth in India which of the following measure/s is/are important ?
(a)बालमृत्युदरात वाढ / Increase in infant mortality rate
(b)पुरुषांना रोजगार / Employment to men
(c)मुलींच्या विलंबीत विवाहास प्रोत्साहन / To promote late marriages of the girls
(d)जन्मदरात वाढ / To promote fertility rate
1)फक्त (d) बरोबर / Only (d) is correct
2)फक्त (a) बरोबर / Only (a) is correct
3)फक्त (c) बरोबर / Only (c) is correct✓ Correct
4)(b) आणि (c) बरोबर / (b) and (c) correct
Promoting late marriages of girls increases the age at marriage, effectively reducing the reproductive span and helping control population growth.
विकसनशील देशामध्ये लोकसंख्या स्तूप ______ असतो.
(a)Narrow base and wide top
(b)Wide base and wide top
(c)Wide base and narrow top
(d)Narrow base and narrow top
1)अरूंद पाया आणि रुंद माथा
2)रुंद पाया आणि रुंद माथा
3)रुंद पाया आणि अरूंद माथा✓ Correct
4)अरूंद पाया आणि अरूंद माथा
Developing countries have high birth rates and high death rates in younger cohorts, resulting in a population pyramid with a wide base (many children) and a narrow top (fewer old people).
भारतीय लोकसंख्येच्या बाबतीत खालीलपैकी काय खरे आहे ?
(a)वार्षिक लोकसंख्या वृद्धीदर घटत आहे.
(b)लोकसंख्येतील तरुण लोकसंख्येचा हिस्सा कमी होण्यास सुरुवात झाली आहे.
1)(a) फक्त बरोबर आहे.
2)(b) फक्त बरोबर आहे.
3)(a) व (b) दोन्ही बरोबर आहेत.✓ Correct
4)(a) व (b) दोन्ही चूक आहेत.
India's annual population growth rate is steadily declining as the country transitions through demographic phases, and the proportion of youth/working-age population has started shifting as fertility rates drop.