Heat budget
Heat budget is a Geography concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 2 past MPSC questions (2014, 2019). Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.
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खालीलपैकी कोणते घटक दैनिक व ऋतुपरत्वे सौरऊर्जेची तीव्रता व प्रमाण ठरवितात. Which of the following factors determine diurnal and seasonal variation in intensity and amount of solar radiation ?
(a)पृथ्वीच्या अक्षाचा कललेला पणा (Inclination of the axis of the earth.)
(b)दिवस व रात्र प्रमाण (Length of the day.)
(c)ढगांचे प्रमाण (Extent of clouds)
(d)सूर्य किरणानी पृथ्वीच्या पृष्ठभागाशी केलेला कोन (Angle of inclination of the Sun's rays)
Solar radiation intensity and amount vary due to multiple factors including the earth's axis inclination, the length of day and night, cloud cover, and the angle of incidence of the sun's rays.
विधाना अ आणि ब यांचे परीक्षण करून योग्य पर्याय निवडा. विधान 'अ': सौरशक्तीपासून येणाऱ्या उष्णतेपैकी 35% उष्णतेचा पृथ्वीचा पृष्ठभाग आणि वातावरण तापण्यास उपयोग होत नाही तिला पृथ्वीची भू-धवलता असे म्हणतात. विधान 'ब': हवेचे अणू, लहान धूलिकण, ढग, पृथ्वीचा पृष्ठभाग यांच्यापासून विकीरण व परावर्तन क्रियेमुळे उष्णता लघुलहरीद्वारे अवकाशात पाठवली जाते. Examine the statement A and statement B. Statement 'A': 35% solar energy is not useful for the heating of Earth's surface as well as atmosphere, that heat is called “Albedo of the Earth's surface”. Statement 'B': Through Short Waves, Scattering and Reflection process of the air molecules, heat is transferred by the small dust particles, clouds and earth's surface in the space.
Albedo is the proportion of solar radiation reflected by the Earth's surface and atmosphere (about 35% is reflected/scattered back to space directly). Statement B correctly explains the mechanism of reflection and scattering via short waves.