Nobel Laureates
Nobel Laureates is a Current Affairs concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 6 past MPSC questions across 5 exam years between 2013 and 2024. Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.
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योग्य कथने ओळखा : Select the correct statements :
(a)नर्गिस मोहम्मदी यांना नोबेल शांतता पुरस्कार, 2023 प्रदान करण्यात आला. The Nobel Peace Prize, 2023 was awarded to Narges Mohammadi.
(b)नर्गिस मोहम्मदी ह्या समता व महिलांचे हक्क यांच्या पुरस्कर्त्या आहेत. Narges Mohammadi is a champion of equality and women's rights.
(c)नर्गिस मोहम्मदी या शिरीन ईबादी यांनी स्थापन केलेल्या डिफेंडर्स ऑफ ह्युमन राइट सेंटरला, 2004 मध्ये सहभागी झाल्या. In 2004, Narges Mohammadi joined the Defenders of Human Right Center founded by Shirin Ebadi.
Narges Mohammadi was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2023 for her fight against the oppression of women in Iran and promotion of human rights. Statement (c) has a factual error regarding the exact year or organization details associated with Shirin Ebadi's center in this context.
'अॅन्थ्रोपोसिन' या संज्ञेचा नेहमी वापर करणारे आणि 1995 साली ज्यांना रसायनशास्त्राचे नोबेल पारितोषिक मिळाले ते पॉल जे. क्रूट्झन हे __________ चे नागरिक होते. Paul J. Crutzen, who often used the term 'Anthropocene' and who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in year 1995, was a citizen of :
Paul J. Crutzen was a Dutch meteorologist and atmospheric chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1995 for his work on ozone depletion and popularized the term 'Anthropocene'.
फ्रेडरिक सेंजर (Frederick Sanger) यांना दोन वेळा रसायन शास्त्रातील नोबेल पुरस्कार देण्यात आला होता. दोन पुरस्कारां मध्ये अंतर किती होते ? / Frederick Sanger was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry twice. What was the gap between the two prizes ?
Frederick Sanger was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice, first in 1958 and second in 1980, making the gap more than 20 years.
डायक्लोरोडिफेनिलट्रायकलोरो इथेन (डीडीटी) सर्वप्रथम क्लोरेनिडेटेड ऑरगॅनिक कीटकनाशक असून परिणामकारक कीड नष्ट करणाऱ्या त्याच्या गुणांकास्ता पॉल मुलर यांना मेडीसीन व फिजिऑलॉजीचे 1948 चे नोबेल पारितोषिक प्रदान करण्यात आले. वरील कोणती विधाने खरी आहेत ? Dichlorodiphenyl Trichloro Ethane (DDT) is the first chlorinated organic insecticide for the discovery of its effectiveness as an insecticide Paul Muller was awarded Nobel Prize in Medicine and physiology in 1948. Which of the above statements are correct ?
(a)डीडीटी मलेरिया पसरविणाऱ्या मच्छरांविरुद्ध परिणाम कारक आहे. / DDT is effective against mosquitos that spread malaria.
(b)डीडीटी टायफस वाहतूक करणाऱ्या उवांविरुद्ध (lice) परिणामकारक आहे. / DDT is effective against lice that carry typhus.
(c)डीडीटी पाण्यातील माशांकरिता अत्यंत विषारी आहे. / DDT has high toxicity towards fish.
(d)प्राणीजन डीडीटीचे सहज चयापचय प्रक्रिया (पृथक्करण) करू शकत नाहीत. / DDT is not metabolised easily by animals.
DDT is a historic synthetic insecticide credited with stopping vector-borne diseases like malaria and typhus. It affects aquatic life negatively and persists in animal fatty tissues due to poor metabolism.
खालील कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ? / Which one of the following statements is incorrect ?
(a)प्रत्येक जीवित प्राणी कार्बन मधून 'C - 14' घेतो. / Every living organism takes C - 14 through carbon.
(b)प्रत्येक जीवत एकाच प्रमाणात 'C - 14' असतो. / Every living being has the same proportion of carbon 14.
(c)मृत्यूनंतर जीव एकाच प्रमाणात कार्बन फेकतो. / After death every living organ throws same percentage of carbon.
(d)अर्धा C - 14 मृत्यु नंतर 5568 वर्षांनी नाहीसा होतो ज्यास 'हाफ लाईफ ऑफ C - 14' (सी - 14 चे अर्धे आयुष्य) संबोधण्यात. / After 5568 yrs of death half of C - 14 will disappear - which is called as half life of carbon - 14.
(e)ही पद्धत पुरातत्त्वशास्त्रात कालक्रमवारी ठरविण्यास वापरतात. / The method is used to get chronological evidence of archaeological remain.
(f)ही पद्धत एफ.डब्लू. लिबी यांनी शोधून काढली. / This method was invented by F.W. Liby.
(g)त्यांना याकरता पदार्थ विज्ञानातील नोबेल पारितोषिक मिळाले. / He got Nobel prize in physics for this work.
F.W. Libby won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1960) for developing radiocarbon dating, not in Physics as stated in option (g). Hence, statement (g) is incorrect.