MPSC PYQ
Science & Technology

Biology

Biology is a Science & Technology concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 5 past MPSC questions across 4 exam years between 2013 and 2019. Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.

Real questions
5
Years tested
4 · 2013–2019
In context
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Asked in

2019201820142013

What you need to know first

Basic animal physiology and classificationBasic biologyEvolutionary theoryHistory of biologyEvolutionary conceptsBasic plant productsMedicinal PlantsBasic high school biologyDarwinians and Mendelian concepts

Real questions that test this

खालील जोड्या जुळवा : Match the following :

(a)श्वसन रंगद्रव्य : हिमोग्लोबिन Respiratory Pigment : Haemoglobin

(b)क्लोरोक्रूओरिन Chlorocruorin

(c)हिमेथ्रीन Hemerythrin

(d)हिमोसायनिन Haemocyanin

(I)अन्नेलिड्स / Annelida

(II)पृष्ठवंशीय / Vertebrates

(III)लिंगुला / Lingula

(IV)मोल्लुस्क्स / Molluscs

1)II, III, I, IV
2)II, I, III, IV✓ Correct
3)III, II, IV, I
4)IV, III, I, II

Matching respiratory pigments to their correct classification: Haemoglobin (II), Chlorocruorin (I), Hemerythrin (III), Haemocyanin (IV), yielding sequence II, I, III, IV.

the human species. Our closest relatives are Chimpanzee, Gorilla and Orang-utan. Similarities between man and other animal forms were identified by Linnaeus who grouped man, the great ape and monkey in a single order, primates. The three main theories of evolution are Lamarckism, Darwinism and Synthetic theory. Lamarck is chiefly remembered for his belief in the inheritability of acquired characters which is disputed. But he is credited in the history of evolutionary thought for recognizing and stating for the first time that evolution is a universal truth covering all forms of life and it is a gradual and an incessant process. The scientific propagation of the theory of evolution was mainly the work of Charles Darwin. He said, that human evolution occurs through the process of natural selection. The main points of this theory are struggle for existence, variation, survival of the fittest and natural selection. Darwins natural selection serves as the corner stone of the modern synthesis but the mutation theory, mendelian genetics and the statistics of population dynamics are also very important components of its foundation. The basic postulate of the synthetic theory is that evolution proceeds principally as a result of the interaction between five indispensable processes mutation, change in the chromosome number and structure, genetic recombination, natural selection and reproductive isolation. This is also called Neo Darwinism.

खालील कोणते विधान योग्य आहे ? Which of the following statements is correct ?

(a)उष्ण रक्त प्राणी सर्वात अनुभवी असतात. / Warm blooded animals are the most experienced.

(b)उत्क्रांतीमध्ये असे गृहीत धरलेले आहे की सर्व सजीव एकत्र राहतात. / Evolution takes it for granted that all living beings live together.

1)फक्त (a) / Only (a)
2)फक्त (b) / Only (b)
3)(a) व (b) दोन्ही / (a) and (b) both
4)(a) व (b) दोन्हीही नाहीत / Neither (a) nor (b)✓ Correct

Neither statement is scientifically sound; warm-blooded animals are not universally the 'most experienced', and evolution does not assume all living beings live together.

the human species. Our closest relatives are Chimpanzee, Gorilla and Orang-utan. Similarities between man and other animal forms were identified by Linnaeus who grouped man, the great ape and monkey in a single order, primates. The three main theories of evolution are Lamarckism, Darwinism and Synthetic theory. Lamarck is chiefly remembered for his belief in the inheritability of acquired characters which is disputed. But he is credited in the history of evolutionary thought for recognizing and stating for the first time that evolution is a universal truth covering all forms of life and it is a gradual and an incessant process. The scientific propagation of the theory of evolution was mainly the work of Charles Darwin. He said, that human evolution occurs through the process of natural selection. The main points of this theory are struggle for existence, variation, survival of the fittest and natural selection. Darwins natural selection serves as the corner stone of the modern synthesis but the mutation theory, mendelian genetics and the statistics of population dynamics are also very important components of its foundation. The basic postulate of the synthetic theory is that evolution proceeds principally as a result of the interaction between five indispensable processes mutation, change in the chromosome number and structure, genetic recombination, natural selection and reproductive isolation. This is also called Neo Darwinism.

खालील कोणते विधान अयोग्य आहे ? (a) चिंपांझी, गोरिल्ला व ओरांगउट्टान यांत अनुभवातून शिकण्याची क्षमता मानवापेक्षा कमी नाही. (b) लॅमार्क, डार्विन व लिनेअस यांनी उत्क्रांतीची तत्वे मांडली. Which of the following statements is incorrect ? (a) The Chimpanzee, Gorilla and Orangutan have no less capacity to learn from experiences than that in man. (b) Lamarck, Darwin and Linnaeus proposed the theory of evolution.

(a)चिंपांझी, गोरिल्ला व ओरांगउट्टान यांत अनुभवातून शिकण्याची क्षमता मानवापेक्षा कमी नाही. / The Chimpanzee, Gorilla and Orangutan have no less capacity to learn from experiences than that in man.

(b)लॅमार्क, डार्विन व लिनेअस यांनी उत्क्रांतीची तत्वे मांडली. / Lamarck, Darwin and Linnaeus proposed the theory of evolution.

1)फक्त (a) / Only (a)
2)फक्त (b) / Only (b)
3)(a) व (b) दोन्ही / Both (a) and (b)✓ Correct
4)(a) व (b) दोन्हीही नाहीत / Neither (a) nor (b)

Both statements are incorrect because while apes have learning capabilities, equating them or saying Linnaeus proposed evolution (he proposed taxonomy) makes the statements factually flawed.

वरीलपैकी कोणती/कोणत्या प्रजाती कर्करोगावर उपचारासाठी वापरण्यात येणारे 'टॅक्सॉल' हे रसायन काढण्यासाठी वापरली जाते/वापरल्या जातात ? / Which species is/are used for the isolation of 'taxol' which is used for the treatment of cancer ?

(a)विलो वनस्पती / Willow plant

(b)यू वृक्ष / Yew tree

(c)डॉंग फिश / Dog fish

(d)वाईन (ॲंसिस्ट्रोकलडस कोरुपेनीस) / Wine (Ancistrocladus korupenis)

(e)बेडूक (एपिडोबेटिकस ट्रायकलर) / Frog (Epidobates tricolor)

1)(a)
2)(b)✓ Correct
3)(c) आणि (e) / (c) and (e)
4)(d)

Taxol is a potent anticancer drug that is naturally extracted from the bark of the Pacific Yew tree (Taxus brevifolia).

खालीलपैकी कोणती थेरीज किंवा सिद्धांत जीवन उत्क्रांतीशी संबंधित आहेत ? / Which of the following theories are related to evolution of life ?

(a)नैसर्गिक निवडीचा सिद्धांत / The theory of natural selection

(b)उत्परिवर्तन उत्क्रांतीचा सिद्धांत / Mutation theory of evolution

(c)वारसा वर्ण गुणधर्म सिद्धांत / Theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics

(d)वियोग सिद्धांत / Theory of segregation

1)अ, ब आणि ड / a, b and d
2)अ, ब आणि क / a, b and c✓ Correct
3)अ, क आणि ड / a, c and d
4)वरील सर्व / All of the above

Natural selection (Darwin), mutation theory (De Vries), and inheritance of acquired characteristics (Lamarck) are all historical biological theories explaining the evolution of life. The theory of segregation belongs to Mendelian genetics, not evolution.

More Science & Technology concepts

IsotopesChemistryRadioactivitySound wavesTaxonomyAtomic numberAvogadro numberBiodiversityMolar massMole conceptPlant morphologyPlant Pathology
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