Endangered species

Endangered species is a English Language concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 4 past MPSC questions across 4 exam years between 2013 and 2021. Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.

Real questions

Years tested

4 · 2013–2021

In context

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Asked in

2021 2019 2016 2013

What you need to know first

Basic environmental conservation concepts

Real questions that test this

The Dodo is dead. The passenger pigeon has passed on. But Lonesome George, the iconic Galapagos tortoise whose death marked the end of his species, is in post-mortem luck. A scientific expedition has discovered some of his close blood relations alive and well. With careful breeding, biologists now hope to revive George's species. Originally there were at least eight species of Galapagos tortoise, scientists now believe. At least three species are now extinct, including tortoises on Pinta Island. The last one, George, was discovered wandering alone in 1972 and taken into loving custody. His death, in 2012 at more than 100 years old, was a powerful reminder of the havoc unleashed by humans on delicate ecosystems worldwide over the last two centuries. But, now the story of extinct Galapagos tortoise has taken a hopeful twist. More than a century ago, it turns out, sailors dumped saddlebacked tortoises they did not need into Banks Bay, near Wolf Volcano on Isabela Island. Luckily, tortoises can extend their necks above water and float on their backs. Many of them made it to shore, lumbered across the lava fields and interbred with Isabela's native domed tortoises. In 2008, scientists tagged and collected blood samples from more than 1,600 tortoises living on the flanks of the volcano. Back in the laboratory, there was a genetic eureka: Eighty-nine of the animals were part Floreana - whose full genetic Profile DNA had been obtained from museum samples. Some had genes indicating their parents were living purebred Floreana tortoises, hinting that the species may not be extinct. Seventeen tortoises were shown to have high levels of Pinta DNA. Tortoises can live for more than 150 years, so some of them may well be George's immediate next of kin. Last month, scientists went back to find them. Their plan was to capture and separate tortoises with high levels of Pinta and Floreana DNA, and then breed animals that are genetically closest to the original species. In a few generations, it should be possible to obtain tortoises with 95 percent of their "lost" ancestral genes, the scientists said.

उताऱ्यानुसार अस्तंगत झालेले प्राणी कोणते ? / As per the passage, which are the extinct animal species ?

(a)डोडो / Dodo

(b)प्रवासी कबूतर / Passenger pigeon

(c)पिंटा गॅलॅपेगोस् कासव / Pinta Galápagos

(d)फ्लोरीआना गॅलॅपेगोस् / Floreana Galápagos

1)फक्त अ / Only a

2)फक्त अ आणि ब / Only a and b✓ Correct

3)फक्त अ, ब आणि क / Only a, b and c

4)फक्त ड / Only d

According to standard ecological comprehension passages typically included in exams, Dodo (a) and Passenger pigeon (b) are classic examples of completely extinct animal species mentioned.

भारतातील काही प्रजाती पुढीलप्रमाणे : (a) वाघ (b) भारतीय चित्ता (c) सॅलमेंडर (d) गीब्बन (e) माळढोक (f) दोनशिंगी गेंडा वरीलपैकी कोणती/कोणत्या प्रजाती नष्ट झाली/झाल्या आहे/आहेत ? Some of the species from India are as follows : (a) Tiger (b) Indian cheetah (c) Salemender (d) Gibbon (e) Great Indian Bustard (f) Two horned Rhinoceros Which is/are the extinct species from India ?

(a)वाघ / Tiger

(b)भारतीय चित्ता / Indian cheetah

(c)सॅलमेंडर / Salemender

(d)गीब्बन / Gibbon

1)फक्त (b) / only (b)

2)फक्त (c) / only (c)

3)फक्त (d) / only (d)

4)(b) आणि (f) / (b) and (f)✓ Correct

The Indian Cheetah and the Two-horned Rhinoceros (Sumatran rhinoceros) are officially declared extinct from the wild in India.

नुक्ताच 'बॅनिहेड शार्क' (Bonnethead Shark) मासा बातम्यांमध्ये होता, त्यासंबंधी खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : अ. तो प्रामुख्याने समुद्र गवत (sea grass) खातो. ब. तो प्रामुख्याने हिंदी महासागर आणि अरबी समुद्रात आढळतो. खाली दिलेल्या पर्यायांतून योग्य विधान/ने निवडा : Recently 'Bonnethead Shark' was in the news. Consider the following statements regarding this : a. It mainly eats the sea grass. b. It is mainly found in Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea. Choose the correct statement/s from the codes given below :

(a)तो प्रामुख्याने समुद्र गवत (sea grass) खातो. / It mainly eats the sea grass.

(b)तो प्रामुख्याने हिंदी महासागर आणि अरबी समुद्रात आढळतो. / It is mainly found in Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea.

1)फक्त अ / Only a✓ Correct

2)फक्त ब / Only b

3)अ आणि ब दोन्हीही / Both a and b

4)अ आणि ब दोन्हीही नाही / Neither a nor b

The bonnethead shark is known as the first omnivorous shark species because it primarily eats seagrass alongside small crustaceans, making statement 'a' correct. Statement 'b' is incorrect as they are mainly found in coastal waters of the Americas, not the Indian Ocean/Arabian Sea.

जोड्या लावा : स्तंभ - I (प्रजाती) (a) भारतीय गंडा (b) आशियातील हत्ती (c) वाळवंटातील कोल्हा (d) गुलाबी डोके असलेले बदक स्तंभ - II (प्रकार) (i) विरळ/कविचित (ii) धोकादायक असलेल्या (iii) लुप्त/नष्ट होणाऱ्या (iv) संवेदनशील Match the following : Column - I (Species) (a) Indian Rhino (b) Asiatic Elephant (c) Desert Fox (d) Pink Head Duck Column - II (Type) (i) Rare (ii) Endangered (iii) Extinct (iv) Vulnerable

(a)भारतीय गंडा / Indian Rhino

(b)आशियातील हत्ती / Asiatic Elephant

(c)वाळवंटातील कोल्हा / Desert Fox

(d)गुलाबी डोके असलेले बदक / Pink Head Duck

1)(a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i)

2)(a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)✓ Correct

3)(a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)

4)(a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)

Indian Rhino is Endangered (ii), Asiatic Elephant is Vulnerable (iv), Desert Fox is Rare/Uncommon (i), and Pink Headed Duck is Extinct (iii). Matching these gives option 2.

More English Language concepts

Vocabulary in Context Antonyms Author intent Colonialism Passage Comprehension Textual analysis Conservation Contextual meaning Statement Verification Contextual Vocabulary Ecology Evolutionary biology

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