MPSC Rajyaseva 2019 CSAT — Question 29

काही वर्षांपूर्वी कांग्रेस नेतृत्व आणि विरोधी पक्षीय नेतृत्व यांच्यामध्ये मोठ्या प्रमाणावर एकमेकाप्रती सन्मान होता. स्वातंत्र्याच्या घोषणेनंतर आणि प्रथम सार्वत्रिक निवडणूकीनंतर शासन करणाऱ्या अंतरिम सरकारामध्ये डॉ. आंबेडकर आणि शामाप्रसाद मुखर्जी सारख्या विरोधी नेत्यांचा कॅबिनेट मध्ये समावेश होता. Read the following passage and answer the questions from 26 to 30: India is not the only country to have experienced the dominance of one party. If we look around the world, we find many other examples of one party dominance. But there is a crucial difference between these and the Indian experience. In the rest of the cases dominance of one party was ensured by compromising democracy. In some countries like China, Cuba and Syria, the constitution permits a single party to rule the country. Some others like Myanmar, Belarus, Egypt and Eritrea are effectively one party states due to legal and military measures. Until a few years ago, Mexico, South Korea and Taiwan were also effectively one party dominant states. What distinguished the dominance of the Congress Party in India from all these cases was it happened under democratic conditions. Many parties contested elections in conditions of free and fair elections and yet the Congress managed to win election after election. This was similar to the dominance that the African National Congress has enjoyed in South Africa after the end of apartheid. In the early years there was a lot of mutual respect between the leaders of the Congress and those of the opposition. The interim government that ruled the country after the declaration of Independence and first general election includes opposition leaders like Dr. Ambedkar and Shyamaprasad Mukherjee in the Cabinet.