MPSC PYQ

Chemical Safety

Chemical Safety is a Science & Technology concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 2 past MPSC questions (2014, 2020). Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.

Real questions
2
Years tested
2 · 2014–2020
In context
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What you need to know first

Basic understanding of chemical impacts on health

Real questions that test this

'जर्नल ऑफ क्लिनिकल एण्डोक्राइनॉलॉजी' अॅण्ड मेटाबॉलिझम मध्ये प्रसिद्ध झालेले, ट्रायकलोसन हे रसायन आणि त्याच्या संपर्काचा हाडांची खनिज घनता तसेच हाडांच्या दिसूनपणाच्या यांच्यातील सहसंबंधाचा शोध घेणारे त्या प्रकारचे पहिलेच संशोधन आहे. साबण, टूलपेस्ट, हातसफाई साबण इत्यादी प्रकारच्या ग्राहकोपयोगी उत्पादनांच्या माध्यमातून व्यक्ती ट्रायकलोसनच्या संपर्कात येऊ शकते. तथापि ट्रायकलोसन व मानवी हाडांचे आरोग्य यांच्या संबंधाविषयी फारच थोडी माहिती उपलब्ध आहे. 'प्राण्यातील हाडांच्या घनतेवर विपरीत परिणाम करण्याची क्षमता ट्रायकलोसनमध्ये असण्याच्या शक्यतेचे प्रात्यक्षिक प्रयोगशाळेतील अभ्यासातून झालेले आहे' असे ट्रायकलोसनच्या परिणामांचा अभ्यास करणाऱ्या वैज्ञानिकाने म्हटले आहे. The research published in the 'Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism', is the first of its kinds to investigate the association between the chemical triclosan, exposure with bone mineral density and osteoporosis. A person can be exposed to triclosan via consumer products like soaps, toothpastes, sanitizers and other such products. However little is known about the relationship between triclosan and human bone health. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that triclosan may have potential to adversely affect the bone density in animals,' said one scientist studying effects of triclosan.

वरील माहितीवर आधारित सर्वात उचित निष्कर्ष निवडा. / Select the most appropriate conclusion based on above information.

a)प्राण्यांच्या हाडांवर होणाऱ्या ट्रायकलोसनच्या परिणामांबाबत फार थोडी माहिती उपलब्ध असली तरी वरील यादीत असलेल्या उत्पादनांत त्याचा वापर करण्यावर बंदी घालणे आवश्यक आहे. / It is necessary to ban use of triclosan in the products listed above though very little is known about its effect on animal bones.
b)मानवी हाडांवर नेमका कोणता परिणाम होतो हे माहित नसल्यामुळे व्यक्ती वापरत असलेल्या विविध उत्पादनांत ट्रायकलोसनचा वापर करण्याबाबत कोणताही प्रतिबंधक उपाय करण्याची आवश्यकता नाही. / Since exact effect of triclosan on human bone is not known, there is no need to take any precaution about its use in different products used by human beings.
c)ट्रायकलोसन आणि हाडांच्या खनिजांची घनता यांच्यातील सहसंबंध यांचा शोध पूर्वीच घेतलेला असल्यामुळे व्यक्ती वापरत असलेल्या विविध उत्पादनातील त्याच्या वापरावर बंदी घालणे आवश्यक आहे. / Since the association between triclosan and its exposure with bone mineral density is already investigated, it is necessary to ban its use in various products used by human beings.
d)ट्रायकलोसनमध्ये प्राण्यांच्या हाडांच्या घनतेवर परिणाम करण्याच्या क्षमतेच्या शक्यतेचे प्रात्यक्षिक काही अभ्यासातून दाखविले गेल्यामुळे व्यक्ती वापरत असलेल्या विविध उत्पादनात त्याचा वापर करण्यावर बंदी घालणे आवश्यक आहे. / Since some studies have demonstrated that triclosan may have potential to affect bone density in animals, it is necessary to ban its use in various products used by humans.✓ Correct

Based on scientific studies showing potential negative impacts of triclosan on animal bone density, the most logical and cautious conclusion is to restrict its use in consumer products.

Chemistry is all around you. The air you breathe, the food you eat, the clothes you wear, chemistry touches virtually every aspect of our lives. More than any other science, it has transformed the world in which we live, bringing us abundant food, better health, stronger materials, softer fabrics, brighter colors, cleaner homes, safer transport, greater energy efficiency etc. Our body is a complex mixture of chemical substances (65% mass is due to the chemical compound, water) and we are kept alive by chemical reactions taking place in our cells. As a society, we use chemicals as medicines when we are sick, whether we use natural remedies or pharmaceutical products, chemical reactions keep us warm, cook our food and power our transport. But chemistry also has its darker side and that has been in discovering and developing substances which are potentially harmful. Bioterrorism and chemical war are curses of the advances in science. Toxicology is a science which studies all such materials which become a threat to the mankind. Now a days, it is almost impossible for an ordinary person to obtain toxic chemicals, and it is almost impossible for a poisoner to escape detection after the use. Poison is a weapon which is usable both ways and by those who wish to kill, may do so in such a way that the victim is unaware of it. Such deaths are sometimes shown as natural deaths.

पुढील विधानांपैकी कोणते योग्य आहे ? Which of the following statements is correct ?

(a)मानव निर्मित औषधी नैसर्गिक औषधांपेक्षा/उपायांपेक्षा अधिक उपयुक्त असते. / Man made medicines are more useful than the natural medicines/remedies.

(b)रसायनशास्त्राच्या घातक परिणामांना चांगली रसायने आवर घालतात. / The harmful effects of chemistry are controlled by the helpful chemicals.

1)केवळ (a) / Only (a)
2)केवळ (b) / Only (b)
3)दोन्ही (a) आणि (b) / Both (a) and (b)
4)(a) आणि (b) दोन्हीही नाही / Neither (a) nor (b)✓ Correct

Statement (a) is incorrect because synthetic medicines are not universally 'more useful' than natural ones (both have pros and cons). Statement (b) is incorrect because harmful effects of chemicals are controlled by regulations, safety protocols, and antidotes, not automatically by 'helpful chemicals'.

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