Discovery of nucleus
Discovery of nucleus is a Science & Technology concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 2 past MPSC questions (2019). Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations.
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Real questions that test this
रुदरफोर्डच्या सुवर्णपत्री प्रयोगाचे एक निरीक्षण. “काही α-कणांचे काही कोनातून विचलन झाले” ह्याचे कारण α-कण वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/आहेत. / One of the observations of Rutherford's thin gold foil experiment was "some α-particles got deflected by some angle". The reason was α-particles. The correct option/s is are
(a)अणुकेन्द्रकाच्या जवळ आले. / came closer to the nucleus.
(b)इलेक्ट्रॉन्स कडे आकर्षित झाले. / were attracted towards electrons.
(c)इलेक्ट्रॉन्सवर आढळले. / collided with the electrons.
In Rutherford's experiment, alpha particles are positively charged. When they came close to the positive nucleus, they experienced electrostatic repulsion and got deflected.
रुदरफोर्डच्या प्रयोगाचे कोणते निरीक्षण प्लम पुडिंग प्रकृती वापरून समजणे शास्त्रिय दृष्ट्या अशक्य आहे ? / Which of the following observations of Rutherford's experiment is impossible to understand scientifically with the plum pudding model ?
(a)बहुसंख्य α-कण हे सुवर्णपत्रीतून सरळ आरपार गेले. / Most of the α-particles passed straight through the thin gold foil.
(b)काही α-कणांचे काही कोनातून विचलन झाले. / Some of the α-particles got deflected by some angle.
(c)फारच थोडे α-कण सुवर्णपत्रीवर आढळून परत स्रोताच्या दिशेने उलट फिरले. / A very few α-particles bounced back towards the source.
The plum pudding model assumes mass and positive charge are uniformly distributed. Hence, it cannot explain how heavy alpha particles could bounce back (rebound) by colliding with a dense central nucleus.