Pharmacology

Pharmacology is a Science & Technology concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 4 past MPSC questions across 4 exam years between 2013 and 2017. Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations.

Real questions

Years tested

4 · 2013–2017

In context

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Asked in

2017 2015 2014 2013

Real questions that test this

खालीलपैकी कोणत्या उपयोजित जीवशास्त्राच्या शाखा आहेत ? Which of the following are branches of applied biology ?

(a)सुक्ष्मजीवशास्त्र / Microbiology

(b)कृषिविज्ञान / Agriculture

(c)औषध निर्माण शास्त्र / Pharmacy

(d)वैद्यकीय शास्त्र / Medical Science

1)फक्त अ, ब आणि क / Only a, b and c

2)फक्त ब, क आणि ड / Only b, c and d✓ Correct

3)फक्त अ, क आणि ड / Only a, c and d

4)फक्त अ, ब आणि ड / Only a, b and d

Applied biology encompasses branches that apply biological knowledge to practical fields like agriculture, medicine, and pharmacology. Microbiology is a core/basic biological science.

Chemistry is all around you. The air you breathe, the food you eat, the clothes you wear, chemistry touches virtually every aspect of our lives. More than any other science, it has transformed the world in which we live, bringing us abundant food, better health, stronger materials, softer fabrics, brighter colors, cleaner homes, safer transport, greater energy efficiency etc. Our body is a complex mixture of chemical substances (65% mass is due to the chemical compound, water) and we are kept alive by chemical reactions taking place in our cells. As a society, we use chemicals as medicines when we are sick, whether we use natural remedies or pharmaceutical products, chemical reactions keep us warm, cook our food and power our transport. But chemistry also has its darker side and that has been in discovering and developing substances which are potentially harmful. Bioterrorism and chemical war are curses of the advances in science. Toxicology is a science which studies all such materials which become a threat to the mankind. Now a days, it is almost impossible for an ordinary person to obtain toxic chemicals, and it is almost impossible for a poisoner to escape detection after the use. Poison is a weapon which is usable both ways and by those who wish to kill, may do so in such a way that the victim is unaware of it. Such deaths are sometimes shown as natural deaths.

टॉक्सीकोलॉजी या शास्त्राची मध्यवर्ती कल्पना काय ? What is the central theme of toxicology ?

a)विषारी द्रव्यांचा अभ्यास करणे. / Study of pisonous materials

b)रसायनांच्या घातक परिणामांचा अभ्यास करणे. / Study of adverse effect of chemicals✓ Correct

c)रसायनांच्या औषधीयुक्त परिणामांचा अभ्यास करणे. / Study of therapeutic effects of chemicals

d)रसायनांच्या औषधीयुक्त व घातक परिणामांचा अभ्यास करणे. / Study of both therapeutic and adverse effects of chemicals.

Toxicology is the scientific study of adverse effects of chemicals and poisons on living organisms.

पुरातनकाळापासून वनस्पती आजार बरे करण्यासाठी व आरोग्य सुदृढीस्तवा वापरली गेली आहेत. आपल्या उपचार पद्धतीतील अर्ध्यापेक्षा अधिक औषधे वनस्पतीजन्य आहेत. भारतीय औषधी वनस्पतींच्या शब्दावलीत 3000 वनस्पती आहेत. वनस्पतींचा कोणता भाग सर्वात अधिक औषधीयुक्त म्हणून वापरला जातो ? Plants have been used as healers and health rejuvenators since times immemorial. More than half the drugs under clinical use owe their origin to plants. The Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants lists 3000 plants. Which part of the plants is used most for medicinal properties ?

a)मुळे / Roots✓ Correct

b)साल / Bark

c)पाने / Leaves

d)बिया / Seeds

Roots of plants are frequently cited in traditional pharmacopeia and botanical studies as containing a high concentration of active medicinal compounds.

वरीलपैकी कोणती/कोणत्या प्रजाती कर्करोगावर उपचारासाठी वापरण्यात येणारे 'टॅक्सॉल' हे रसायन काढण्यासाठी वापरली जाते/वापरल्या जातात ? / Which species is/are used for the isolation of 'taxol' which is used for the treatment of cancer ?

(a)विलो वनस्पती / Willow plant

(b)यू वृक्ष / Yew tree

(c)डॉंग फिश / Dog fish

(d)वाईन (ॲंसिस्ट्रोकलडस कोरुपेनीस) / Wine (Ancistrocladus korupenis)

(e)बेडूक (एपिडोबेटिकस ट्रायकलर) / Frog (Epidobates tricolor)

1)(a)

2)(b)✓ Correct

3)(c) आणि (e) / (c) and (e)

4)(d)

Taxol is a potent anticancer drug that is naturally extracted from the bark of the Pacific Yew tree (Taxus brevifolia).

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