Landforms & Geomorphology — MPSC PYQ

कर्कवृत्त भारताच्या कोणत्या राज्यामधून जाते ? The Tropic of Cancer is going through which States of India?

The Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 Indian states: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.

खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ?

The easternmost point of mainland India is Kibithu in Arunachal Pradesh, not Assam. Hence, statement 3 is factually incorrect.

खालीलपैकी कोणता खडकंचा प्रकार रासायनिक प्रक्रियेद्वारा निर्मित जलजन्य खडक आहे ? / Which of the following rock types is a hydrous rock formed by chemical processes ?

Gypsum (hydrated calcium sulphate) is a chemically formed sedimentary rock: it crystallises out when water in seas or salt lakes evaporates, and it holds water in its structure. Shale is a mechanically formed sedimentary rock (compacted clay), granite is an intrusive igneous rock, and pumice is a volcanic igneous rock.

खालीलपैकी कोणता जलजन्य खडकचा गुणधर्म नाही ? Which of the following is not a characteristic of sedimentary rock ?

Sedimentary rocks (जलजन्य खडक) are generally soft, layered, contain fossils, and are formed by deposition, unlike massive and hard igneous or metamorphic rocks.

खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ? / Which of the following statements is incorrect ?

India's land borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh are artificially created by political partitions (such as the Radcliffe Line and Cyril Radcliffe award), not natural geographical boundaries like high mountain ranges or major impassable rivers spanning the entire border.

खालील वलयांच्या प्रकारांच्या योग्य जोड्या लावा : (a) एकनत वळया (i) दोन्ही भुजा समांतर पण एका बाजूला झुकलेल्या (b) समनत वळया (ii) एक भुजा दुसऱ्या भुजेवर उलटलेली (c) परिवलित वळ्या (iii) एक भुजा मंद व दुसरी लंबवत (d) प्रतिवलित वळ्या (iv) दोन्ही भुजा समांतर व भूपृष्ठासही समांतर Match the following for types of folds : (a) Monoclinal fold (i) Both limbs parallel but inclined to one side (b) Isoclinal fold (ii) One limb turned over the other limb (c) Recumbent fold (iii) One limb inclined and the other perpendicular (d) Overturned fold (iv) Both limbs parallel to each other and the ground

Types of folds like Monoclinal, Isoclinal, Recumbent, and Overturned folds are correctly matched with their structural definitions in option 3.

खालीलपैकी कोणती विधाने भाबर मैदानाबाबत बरोबर आहेत ? Which of the following statements are correct about Bhabhar Plains ?

In the Bhabhar plains, high porosity causes small streams to disappear (statement a), and the region is inhabited by pastoral Gujjars (statement c), making statements (a) and (b)/(c) correct as per option 3.

जोड्या लावा : स्तंभ I (a) घुमटाकार पठार (b) ज्वालामुखी पठार (c) सोपानाकार पठार (d) गिरीपाद पठार स्तंभ II (i) दख्खन पठार (ii) विंध्य पठार (iii) छोटानागपूर पठार (iv) शिलॉंग पठार Match the following : Column I (a) Dome-shaped Plateau (b) Volcanic Plateau (c) Step-like Plateau (d) Piedmont Plateau Column II (i) Deccan Plateau (ii) Vindhya Plateau (iii) Chota Nagpur Plateau (iv) Shillong Plateau

Chota Nagpur plateau is a dome-shaped plateau, Deccan plateau is volcanic, Vindhya plateau is step-like (tiered), and Shillong plateau is a piedmont plateau.

समुद्रकिनाऱ्यावरील लाटांच्या अपक्षय कार्यामुळे खालीलपैकी कोणती भूरूपे निर्माण होतात ? Which of the following landforms are produced on coastal area by wave erosion ?

Coastal wave erosion produces landforms like sea cliffs, wave-cut platforms, sea caves, arches, and stacks.

काराकोरम पर्वत श्रेणी आणि पिंर पांजाळ पर्वत श्रेणीमध्ये कोणती पर्वत श्रेणी आढळते? Which mountain range is found between Karakoram mountain range and Pir Panjal mountain range?

The Zaskar mountain range is situated geographically between the Karakoram/Ladakh ranges to the north and the Pir Panjal/Greater Himalayas to the south.

जोड्या लावा : पठारांचे प्रकार - पठारांचे उदाहरण Match the following : Types of Plateau - Example of Plateau

Plateau types match their examples: Intermont Plateau corresponds to Tibet/similar, Piedmont Plateau to Appalachian/Patagonia, Lava Plateau to Deccan, Glacier Erosion Plateau to specific high latitude features.

खालील नमूद पृथ्वीच्या भूशास्त्रीय कालखंडातील सर्वांत जुना ते सर्वांत नवीन असा क्रम लावा. (a) ट्रायसिक कल्प (b) कार्बनीफेरस कल्प (c) केंब्रियन कल्प (d) क्वाटर्नरी कल्प (e) पर्मिअन कल्प Arrange the following Geological periods of the earth from the oldest to the newest one. (a) Triassic Period (b) Carboniferous Period (c) Cambrian Period (d) Quaternary Period (e) Permian Period

Geological periods ordered from oldest to newest: Cambrian (c), Carboniferous (b), Permian (e), Triassic (a), Quaternary (d).

जोड्या जुळवा : हिमखंड (a) सियाचिन (b) रीमो (c) गंगोत्री (d) झेमू ठिकाण (i) काश्मीर (ii) काराकोरम (iii) उत्तराखंड (iv) सिक्कीम

Glaciers matched with their regions: Siachen in Kashmir/Ladakh region, Remo in Karakoram, Gangotri in Uttarakhand, and Zemu in Sikkim.

खालील नमूद जागतिक पठारांच्या त्यांच्या खंडांशी जोड्या लावा : (a) कोलंबिया पठार (i) आशिया (b) बोलिव्हिया पठार (ii) युरोप (c) सेंट्रल मसिफ पठार (iii) दक्षिण अमेरिका (d) युनान पठार (iv) उत्तर अमेरिका

Columbia Plateau is in North America, Bolivia Plateau in South America, Central Massif in Europe, and Yunnan Plateau in Asia. This matches option 3.

जोड्या जुळवा : धारवाड खडक श्रेणी (a) चॉम्पियन श्रेणी (b) चिल्पी श्रेणी (c) रिअले श्रेणी (d) आयर्न-ओर श्रेणी Match the following : Dharwar Rock System (a) Champion series (b) Chilpi series (c) Rialo series (d) Iron-ore series

Champion series corresponds to (iii), Chilpi series to (iv), Rialo series to (ii), and Iron-ore series to (i) within the Dharwar rock system.

भूखंडवहन सिद्धांताच्या पुष्टीकरणासाठी कोणते पुरावे आहेत ? योग्य पर्याय निवडा.

Alfred Wegener's Continental Drift Theory is supported by evidence such as Jigsaw fit of continents (matching coastlines) and distribution of identical fossils across separate oceans.

स्तंभ अ आणि स्तंभ ब यांच्या योग्य जोड्या जुळवा : स्तंभ अ (खडकाचा प्रकार) | स्तंभ ब (खडक) अ. बहिनिर्मित अग्निजन्य खडक | I. डाईक ब. अंतर्निर्मित अग्निजन्य खडक | II. कुरुंदाचे खडक क. जलजन्य खडक | III. ग्राफाइट ड. रुपांतरित खडक | IV. कांग्लोमरेट Match the pairs of column A and column B : Column A (Type of Rock) | Column B (Rock) a. Extrusive Igneous Rock | I. Dyke b. Intrusive Igneous Rock | II. Arenaceous Rock c. Sedimentary Rock | III. Graphite d. Metamorphic Rock | IV. Conglomerate

Extrusive igneous rocks include features like dykes (though dykes are minor intrusive, let's look at standard pairings: Conglomerate is sedimentary, Graphite/Quartzite are metamorphic, Dyke/Sill are intrusive). Based on standard MPSC matching, option 2 provides the correct sequence.

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बहिर्गात शक्तीच्या खनन कार्यामुळे पुढील काही भू-रूपांच्या आकृत्या दिलेल्या आहेत त्यांची निर्मिती कोणत्या बहिर्गात शक्तीमुळे झालेली आहे, याचा योग्य पर्याय निवडा. यु-आकाराची दरी / U-Shaped Valley — घळई / Gorge — बारखण / Barkhan — कमान / Arch

Exogenic erosional landforms are created by various agents such as glaciers, rivers, winds, and sea waves matching the sequential order specified in option 2.

खालीलपैकी कोणते भूरूप भू-अंतर्गत शक्तींचा परिणाम नाही ? Which of the following relief features is not an effect of internal forces of the Earth ?

Residual mountains (अवशिष्ट पर्वत) are formed by external erosional forces acting over long periods, whereas grabens, horsts, and rift valleys are formed by internal tectonic forces.

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ज्वालामुखीच्या उद्रेकामुळे निर्माण झालेल्या भुरूपाच्या खालील आकृत्यांचा योग्य पर्याय निवडा : Select the proper option from the following figures of 'Relief Features' created by volcanic eruption :

Volcanic landforms and relief features are correctly matched based on their shape and lava composition: Acid Lava Cone, Basic Lava Cone, Cinder Cone, and Mixed Cone in that order.

खालीलपैकी कोणता रासायनिक विदारणाचा प्रकार नाही ? Which of the following is not a type of chemical weathering ?

Corrosion (क्षरण क्रिया) is a type of mechanical or physical erosion/abrasion process by running water or waves, whereas solution, oxidation, and carbonation are types of chemical weathering.

खालील विधानांची सत्यता तपासा आणि योग्य पर्याय निवडा : विधान 'अ' : भारताचा काही भू-भाग उत्तर गोलार्धात असून काही भू-भाग दक्षिण गोलार्धात आहे. विधान 'ब' : भारताचा दक्षिणोत्तर विस्तार सुमारे 7500 कि.मी. पेक्षा हि जास्त आहे. Examine the following statements and select the correct option : Statement 'A': Some land area of India is situated in the northern hemisphere and some in the southern hemisphere. Statement 'B': The extension of India from north to south is approximately more than 7500 km.

Both statements are incorrect. India is entirely situated in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres (no part in the southern hemisphere). Also, India's north-to-south extension is about 3,214 km, not more than 7500 km (7,516 km is India's coastline length including islands).

खालील वैशिष्ट्ये कोणत्या प्रदेशाची आहेत ? अ. जलवाहतुकीसाठी उपयुक्त आहे ब. नारळाचे उत्पादन घेतले जाते क. मासेमारीसाठी अनुकूल असतो ड. पर्यकांसाठी आकर्षक असतो Which region has the following characteristics ? a. Useful for water transport b. Production of coconut is taken up c. Favourable for fishing d. Attraction for tourists

The characteristics mentioned (water transport, coconut production, fishing, and tourism) perfectly describe the coastal plains of India.

ज्या ठिकाणी भूकंपाची निर्मिती होते त्या ठिकाणास काय म्हणतात ? The point of origin of an earthquake is known as

The point of origin of an earthquake inside the earth is called the seismic focus (नाभी). The point directly above it on the surface is the epicentre (बाह्य केंद्र).

जोड्या लावा : खाडी , अ. 10 डिग्री ब. 8 डिग्री क. 9 डिग्री ड. डंकन बोळ स्थळ I. लहान अंदमान मोठ्या अंदमान पासून विलग करते II. मीनीकॉँय लक्षद्वीप पासून विलग करते III. अंदमान निकोबार पासून विलग करते IV. मीनीकॉँय मालदीव पासून विलग करते

10-degree channel separates Andaman and Nicobar; 8-degree channel separates Minicoy and Maldives; 9-degree channel separates Minicoy and Lakshadweep; Duncan passage separates Little Andaman from Great Andaman.

खालीलपैकी कोणती विधाने सत्य आहेत ? अ. नजिकच्या काळातील संशोधन असे दर्शविते कि भारतीय व आशियाई तबाकांच्या अभिसरणामुळे भूखंड कवचाचे हिमालयीन प्रदेशामध्ये 500 किमी ने संक्षेपण झालेले आहे. ब. हिंद महासागराच्या सागर तळाचा महासागरी कटकापासून विस्तार झालेला दिस्तो. Which of the following statements are true ? a. Recent studies have shown that convergence of the Indian plate and Asian plate has caused a crustal shortening of about 500 km in the Himalayan region. b. There has also been seafloor spreading along the oceanic ridge in the Indian Ocean.

Both statements are correct: convergence of Indian and Asian plates resulted in a crustal shortening of about 500 km in the Himalayas, and seafloor spreading is active along the Indian Ocean ridge.

पुढील शिखरे उंचीच्या उतरत्या क्रमाने लावा : अ. नंदा देवी ब. कांचनजंगा क. गंगोत्री ड. बद्रीनाथ इ. नंगा पर्वत

Arranging the Himalayan peaks in descending order of height: Kangchenjunga (8,586 m), Nanga Parbat (8,126 m), Nanda Devi (7,816 m), Gangotri (7,780 m), Badrinath (7,138 m). Thus the correct order is b, e, a, c, d.

पुढील कोणते विधान योग्य आहे ? Which one of the following statements is correct?

This is a direct statement-based physical geography question testing core earth science principles.

खालीलपैकी कोणता भाग ज्वालामुखिशी संबंधीत नाही? Which of the following features is not related to volcanic activity?

Geysers form where groundwater is heated by underlying magma, and batholiths and dykes are intrusive igneous bodies formed when magma cools inside the crust. Folds are produced by compressional (tectonic) forces bending rock layers, not by volcanic activity.

खालीलपैकी कोणते पठार कललेले पठार नाही ? Which of the following is not an example of tilted plateau?

Tibet Plateau is an example of an intermontane plateau, not a tilted plateau. Deccan, Arabia, and Brazil plateaus are classic examples of tilted plateaus formed due to tilting of crustal blocks.

खाली भारतातील 13 स्थाने नमूद आहेत. त्यातील 12 ठिकाणी 'ज्योतिर्लिंग' आहे. एका ठिकाणी नाही, ती जागा कोणती ? (i) सोमनाथ, प्रभासपट्टण, गुजरात (ii) मल्लिकार्जुन, श्रीशैलम, आंध्रप्रदेश (iii) महाकालेश्वर, उज्जैन, मध्य प्रदेश (iv) ओंकारेश्वर, मध्य प्रदेश (v) केदारनाथ, उत्तराखंड (vi) अमरनाथ, जम्मू आणि काश्मीर (vii) विश्वेश्वर, वाराणसी, उत्तरप्रदेश (viii) रामेश्वर, सेतुबंध, तमिलनाडु (ix) त्र्यंबकेश्वर, महाराष्ट्र (x) वैद्यनाथ, परळी, महाराष्ट्र (xi) नागेश्वर, औंढा, महाराष्ट्र (xii) घृष्णेश्वर, एलोरा, महाराष्ट्र (xiii) भीमाशंकर, खेड, महाराष्ट्र Below are recorded 13 sites from India, 12 of which have 'Jyotirlinga'. Name the site which does not have a 'Jyotirlinga'. (i) Somnath, Prabhaspattan, Gujarat (ii) Mallikarjun, Srisailam, A.P. (iii) Mahakaleshwar, Ujjain, M.P. (iv) Onkareshwar, M.P. (v) Kedarnath, Uttarakhand (vi) Amarnath, Jammu and Kashmir (vii) Vishweshwar, Varanasi, U.P. (viii) Rameshwar, Setubandh, T.N. (ix) Trimbakeshwar, Maharashtra (x) Vaidyanath, Parali, Maharashtra (xi) Nageshwar, Aundha, Maharashtra (xii) Ghrishneshwar, Ellora, Maharashtra (xiii) Bhimashankar, Khed, Maharashtra

Out of the 13 listed sites, Amarnath is a famous holy cave shrine dedicated to Lord Shiva, but it is one of the 51 Shakti Peethas or a holy pilgrimage rather than one of the 12 traditional Jyotirlingas.

'त्सुनामी' या जपानी शब्दातील 'त्सु' आणि 'नामी' म्हणजे / The Japanese terms 'tsu' and 'nami' in the word 'Tsunami' mean

In Japanese, 'tsu' means harbor and 'nami' means wave. Together, 'tsunami' translates to harbor wave, which are giant sea waves caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.

जोड्या लावा : स्तंभ A (a) हवाईचा प्रकार (b) स्ट्रेबोलियन प्रकार (c) व्हल्कॅनियर प्रकार (d) पेलीयन प्रकार स्तंभ B (i) मोठ्या वेगाने उफाळतो (ii) अति प्रक्षोभक (iii) शांतपणे उफाळतो (iv) सतत उफाळतो Match the following : Column A (a) Hawaiian Type (b) Strombolian (c) Vulcanian (d) Peleean Type Column B (i) Erupt with great force (ii) Most violent (iii) Erupt quietly (iv) Erupt continuously

Volcano types match their eruptive characteristics: Hawaiian type erupts quietly (iii), Strombolian erupts continuously (iv), Vulcanian erupts with great force (i), and Peleean type is the most violent (ii).

खालीलपैकी कोणती टेकडी पूर्व आणि पश्चिम घाटास जोडते ? (1) बिलीगिरी (2) निलगिरी (3) निमगिरी (4) नल्लामाल Which of the following hills connect Eastern and Western Ghats ? (1) Biligiri (2) Nilgiri (3) Nimgiri (4) Nallamala

The Nilgiri hills act as the crucial structural link where the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats meet.

पुढील क्षेत्रांचा नीट विचार करा : (a) अँडिज पर्वत (b) न्यूझीलंड (c) फिलीपाईन्स (d) तैवान वरीलपैकी कोणता 'अग्नीकंकणाचा' भाग आहे? Consider the following areas : (a) Andese Mountain (b) New Zealand (c) Philippines (d) Taiwan Which of the above form a part of 'Ring of Fire' ?

The Pacific Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur, encompassing the Andes, New Zealand, Philippines, and Taiwan.

नदी आपल्या संपूर्ण प्रवाहात वेगवेगळे भू-आकार निर्माण करत असते. खालीलपैकी कोणता भू-आकार नदी आपल्या वरच्या टप्प्यात निर्माण करत नाही? A river produces various landforms during its entire course. Which of the following landforms is not produced by a river in its upper course ?

A 'Spur' (सोंगर बाहू) is a ridge of land projecting from higher ground into a lower one, often formed by differential erosion or interlocking spurs in a river valley, but it is not a direct erosional fluvial feature created exclusively in the upper course like gorges, rapids, or waterfalls.

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खालील नकाशात पूर्व हिमालय प्रदेशातील चार पर्वत रांगा 1, 2, 3, 4 अंकांनी दाखविलेल्या आहेत. या पर्वत रांगांचा पश्चिमेकडून पूर्वेकडे कोणता क्रम बरोबर आहे?

The hills of the Eastern Himalayas/Meghalaya plateau from west to east are Garo, Khasi, Jaintia, followed by Barail range further east.

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खाली दिलेल्या भारताच्या नकाशात काढलेली दाट (thick) रेषा - दाखविते : The thick line drawn in the following map of India shows :

The thick line drawn in standard geographical maps of India often represents the major water divide (जल विभाजक) separating the east-flowing rivers draining into the Bay of Bengal from west-flowing rivers or separating major river basins.