MPSC PYQ

Population & Census — MPSC PYQ

Every Population & Census question MPSC has actually asked in Geography, 2013–2025 — 43 questions, each with the correct answer from the official MPSC key and a full explanation. Newest papers first.

2011 च्या जनगणनेनुसार, कोणत्या केंद्रशासित प्रदेशात अनुसूचित जातीच्या लोकसंख्येची टक्केवारी सर्वाधिक आहे ? According to the 2011 census, which Union Territory has the highest percentage of scheduled tribe population ?

1)चंदीगड / Chandigarh
2)लक्षद्वीप / Lakshadweep✓ Correct
3)दादरा-नगर हवेली / Dadra-Nagar Haveli
4)दिल्ली / Delhi

According to the 2011 Census, Lakshadweep has the highest percentage of Scheduled Tribe (ST) population among all Union Territories, close to 94.8%.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Comparison with national demographic indicators helps in general census studies.

2011 च्या भारतीय जनगणनेनुसार, राजस्थान राज्याचा साक्षरता दर सर्वात कमी याचा होता.

1)55.42%
2)61.8%
3)66.11%✓ Correct
4)65.39%

According to the 2011 Census, Bihar had the lowest literacy rate, but specifically among the given choices and historical state lists, Rajasthan's literacy rate was 66.11%.

भारतीय घटक राजyse/केंद्रशासित प्रदेश (यादी - I) व त्यांचे लिंग-गुνοत्तर (यादी - II) यांच्या जोड्या लावा. Match the Indian States/Union Territory (List - I) with their Sex-Ratio (List - II).

(a)केवळ / Kerala

(b)तामिळनाडू / Tamil Nadu

(c)पुदुचेरी / Puducherry

(d)आंध्र प्रदेश / Andhra Pradesh

1)ii iii i iv
2)iv i ii iii
3)i ii iv iii
4)iii i ii iv✓ Correct

Based on Census 2011 sex ratio data (females per 1000 males), Kerala leads with the highest, followed by Puducherry, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh in specific matching order (iii i ii iv).

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Comparison with Maharashtra's sex ratio helps in contextualizing national data.

2011 च्या जनगणनेनुसार, सन 2011 मध्ये देशातील एकूण शहरी लोकसंख्येपैकी 13% लोकसंख्या खालीलपैकी कोणत्या शहरांत राहत होती ? As per the 2011 Census, 13% of the total urban population of the country was living in which of the following cities in 2011 ?

(a)मुंबई / Mumbai

(b)चेन्नई / Chennai

(c)कलकत्ता / Kolkata

(d)दिल्ली / Delhi

1)अ आणि ड / a and d
2)अ, क आणि ड / a, c and d✓ Correct
3)अ, ब आणि ड / a, b and d
4)अ, ब आणि क / a, b and c

According to the 2011 Census, about 13% of India's total urban population resided in the metropolitan cities of Mumbai, Kolkata, and Delhi combined.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Mumbai's high urban population contribution is highlighted.

2011 च्या जनगणनेनुसार, भारताची लोकसंख्या एकूण जागतिक लोकसंख्याच्या ______ टक्के आहे. As per the 2011 Census, India's population percentage is ______ of the total Global population.

1)2.4
2)17.5✓ Correct
3)31.9
4)25.1

As per the Census 2011, India supports approximately 17.5% of the total world population while having only 2.4% of the world's geographical area.

खालील विधान (A) आणि कारण (R) साठी योग्य पर्याय निवडा. विधान (A) : एस्किमो इग्लू मध्ये राहतात. कारण (R) : बर्फाशिवाय इतर कोणतेही पदार्थ उपलब्ध नाहीत. For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) below, choose the correct alternative. Assertion (A) : Eskimos reside in igloos. Reason (R) : No other material except snow is available.

1)(A) आणि (R) दोन्ही खरे आहेत आणि (R) हे (A) चे योग्य स्पष्टीकरण आहे.
2)(A) आणि (R) दोन्ही खरे आहेत परन्तु (R) हे (A) चे योग्य स्पष्टीकरण नाही.
3)(A) खरे आहे परंतु (R) खोटे आहे.✓ Correct
4)(A) खोटे आहे परंतु (R) खरे आहे.

Eskimos do live in igloos (Assertion is true), but the reason is not lack of other materials alone; igloos are efficient, quick shelters built from packed snow blocks suited to the Arctic environment.

खालीलपैकी कोणता नागरी वस्तीचा आकृतीबंध नाही ? / Which of the following is not the pattern of Urban settlement ?

a)बुद्धीबळाच्या पटासारखा / Checker - board
b)वर्तुळाकृती / Circular
c)विस्कळीत / Dispersed✓ Correct
d)रेषाकृती / Linear

Dispersed (विस्कळीत) settlement is a type of rural settlement pattern where houses are isolated and far apart, whereas checker-board, circular, and linear are patterns characteristic of urban or planned settlements.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Dispersed settlements are commonly found in hilly tracts of Maharashtra like Konkan and Western Ghats.

भारतातील जनगणना वर्ष व मृत्यूदर यांच्या योग्य जोड्या लावा : Match the correct pairs of census year and death rate in India :

(a)1981

(b)1991

(c)2001

(d)2011

(i)15

(ii)11

(iii)08

(iv)07

1)(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)✓ Correct
2)(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
3)(i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
4)(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)

The death rate per thousand in India has steadily declined over census decades: 1981 (approx 15), 1991 (11), 2001 (08), and 2011 (07).

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Census data analysis is important for both national and state demographic studies.

विखुरलेल्या वसाहतीची खालीलप्रमाणे वैशिष्ट्ये आहेत : (a) डोंगराळ भागात, गवतळ प्रदेश, दाट जंगलाचा प्रदेश येथे प्राकृतिक व पर्यावरणीय प्रतिकूलतेमुळे विखुरलेली वसाहत आढळते. (b) या वसाहतीमध्ये घरांची रचना ही एकाकी स्वरूपाची असते. (c) नदी, डोंगररांगा, रस्ते, रेल्वेमार्ग इत्यादीमुळे घरांचे समूह परस्परपासून दूर अंतरावर असतात. (d) मैदानी भागात तसेच सुपीक मृदेच्या भागात भारतात ह्या वसाहती आढळतात. वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहे/त ?

(a)डोंगराळ भागात, गवतळ प्रदेश, दाट जंगलाचा प्रदेश येथे प्राकृतिक व पर्यावरणीय प्रतिकूलतेमुळे विखुरलेली वसाहत आढळते.

(b)या वसाहतीमध्ये घरांची रचना ही एकाकी स्वरूपाची असते.

(c)नदी, डोंगररांगा, रस्ते, रेल्वेमार्ग इत्यादीमुळे घरांचे समूह परस्परपासून दूर अंतरावर असतात.

(d)मैदानी भागात तसेच सुपीक मृदेच्या भागात भारतात ह्या वसाहती आढळतात.

1)(a) फक्त
2)(a) आणि (b) फक्त✓ Correct
3)(a), (b) आणि (c)
4)वरील सर्व

Dispersed settlements (विखुरलेली वसाहत) occur in hilly, grassland, or dense forest areas due to environmental adversity (statement a) and have isolated houses (statement b). Statement (d) describes clustered/nucleated settlements, not dispersed ones.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Konkan region shows dispersed settlement patterns due to terrain, matching statement (a).

खालील विधानांचा विचार करून योग्य पर्याय निवडा : विधान (a) : सन 2011 च्या अंतिम जनगणनानुसार, महाराष्ट्रात लोकसंख्येची सर्वात जास्त घनता मुंबई उपनगर जिल्ह्याची होती. विधान (b) : सन 2011 च्या अंतिम जनगणनानुसार, महाराष्ट्रात लोकसंख्येच्या घनतेत कोल्हापूर जिल्ह्याचा पाचवा क्रमांक आहे. वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? Choose the correct option considering the following statements : Statement (a) : According to the final census of 2011, Mumbai sub-urban district had the highest population density in Maharashtra. Statement (b) : According to the final census of 2011, Kolhapur district is the fifth most densely populated district in Maharashtra. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

(a)सन 2011 च्या अंतिम जनगणनानुसार, महाराष्ट्रात लोकसंख्येची सर्वात जास्त घनता मुंबई उपनगर जिल्ह्याची होती.

(b)सन 2011 च्या अंतिम जनगणनानुसार, महाराष्ट्रात लोकसंख्येच्या घनतेत कोल्हापूर जिल्ह्याचा पाचवा क्रमांक आहे.

1)विधान (a) बरोबर व (b) विधान चूक / Statement (a) is correct and Statement (b) is false
2)विधान (b) बरोबर व (a) विधान चूक / Statement (b) is correct and Statement (a) is false
3)दोन्ही विधाने चूक / Both Statements are wrong
4)दोन्ही विधाने बरोबर / Both Statements are correct✓ Correct

According to the 2011 Census, Mumbai Suburban has the highest population density in Maharashtra (over 20,000 people per sq km), and Kolhapur ranks fifth in terms of population density among Maharashtra districts.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Specific to district-level demographic statistics of Maharashtra from Census 2011.

खालीलपैकी कोणती विधाने महाराष्ट्राच्या बाबतीत 2011 च्या जनगणनेनुसार बरोबर आहेत? / In relation to Maharashtra which statements are true as per 2011 census?

(a)लोकसंख्येत महाराष्ट्राचा देशात दुसरा क्रमांक आहे. / In population Maharashtra rank 2nd in Country

(b)घनता प्रति चौ. किमी. 365 आहे. / Density is 365 per sq. km

(c)साक्षरता 82.91% आहे. / Literacy is 82.91%

(d)लिंग गुणोत्तर 925 आहे. / Sex ratio is 925

1)फक्त (a), (b) आणि (c) / Only (a), (b) and (c)✓ Correct
2)फक्त (b), (c) आणि (d) / Only (b), (c) and (d)
3)फक्त (a), (c) आणि (d) / Only (a), (c) and (d)
4)वरील सर्व / All the above

According to the 2011 Census, Maharashtra ranks 2nd in population in India (after UP), density is 365 per sq km, and literacy is 82.91%. Sex ratio is 929, not 925 (statement d is incorrect).

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Core Maharashtra demographic data for competitive exams.

खालील विधानांचा विचार करून त्यातील कोणते/कोणती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/आहेत ते संकेतांकाचा वापर करून उत्तर लिहा. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a)1. केंद्रित वस्ती बहुधा शेतवाड्यांनी वेढलेली असते. / 1. A compact settlement is most probably surrounded by hamlets.

(b)2. हिमालयीन प्रदेशात केंद्रित वस्त्या आढळत नाहीत. / 2. Compact settlements are not found in the Himalayan region.

1)फक्त 1 बरोबर आहे / Only 1 is correct
2)फक्त 2 बरोबर आहे / Only 2 is correct✓ Correct
3)दोन्ही 1 आणि 2 बरोबर आहेत / Both 1 and 2 are correct
4)1 ही बरोबर नाही व 2 ही बरोबर नाही / Neither 1 nor 2 is correct

Compact (nucleated) settlements are typically clustered and not necessarily surrounded by hamlets (dispersed hamlets surround fragmented/semi-compact settlements). Compact settlements *are* found in river valleys and plains of the Himalayan region, making statement 2 correct.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Relevant for rural settlement patterns in Konkan vs. Desh regions of Maharashtra.

नागरीकरण म्हणजे / Urbanization means

(a)अ. शहरांमध्ये लोकसंख्येचे केंद्रीकरण / a. Centralization of population in the cities

(b)ब. शहरांमध्ये लोकसंख्येचे विकेंद्रीकरण / b. Decentralization of population in the cities

(c)क. खेड्यात लोकसंख्येचे केंद्रीकरण / c. Centralization of population in villages

(d)ड. लोकसंख्येच्या घनतेत वाढ / d. Increase in density of population

1)फक्त अ / Only a✓ Correct
2)फक्त अ आणि ब / Only a and b
3)फक्त अ आणि ड / Only a and d
4)वरीलपैकी सर्व / All of the above

Urbanization fundamentally refers to the process where an increasing proportion of a population lives in urban areas, characterized by the centralization or concentration of population in cities and a consequential increase in population density there.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Maharashtra is one of the most urbanized states in India, making urban studies relevant.

______ हे मानवी भूगोलाचे जनक आहेत. (1) हेरोडोटस (2) हेकाटायस (3) विडाल-डी-ला-ब्लाश (4) ब्रुन्स The father of Human Geography is ______. (1) Herodotus (2) Hecataeus (3) Vidal-de-la-Blache (4) Brunhes

1)हेरोडॉटस / Herodotus
2)हेकाटायस / Hecataeus
3)विडाल-डी-ला-ब्लाश / Vidal-de-la-Blache✓ Correct
4)ब्रुन्स / Brunhes

Paul Vidal de la Blache is widely recognized as the father of Human Geography and the founder of the French school of human geography, emphasizing possibilism.

2011 मध्ये खालीलपैकी कोणत्या राज्यात बाल लिंग गुणोत्तर सर्वात कमी होते ?

1)कर्नाटक
2)महाराष्ट्र✓ Correct
3)केरळ
4)मध्य प्रदेश

As per the 2011 Census, Maharashtra recorded one of the lowest child sex ratios (0-6 age group) among major states, dropping significantly to 894.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Highlights Maharashtra's alarming child sex ratio decline in the 2011 census.
Read the following passage and answer the questions from 11 to 15: Population Growth Population growth is a serious issue not only in India but all over the World. India is second largest country after China. It is estimated by 2035 India is going to surpass China and becoming number one, if population growth goes unchecked. Demography is the science of population. It includes mortality, fertility and migration as three decisive components of population growth. Its main concerns are the measurements and discovery of uniformities in the basic processes of human birth, death, population movement and population growth. Prof. Malthus, well known thinker on the issue of population, suggested two basic postulates: (i) Food is necessary for the existence of man and (ii) Passion between the sexes is necessary. According to him, population if goes unchecked increases in a geometric ratio (1, 2, 4, 8, ...) while the subsistence increases only in an arithmetic ratio (1, 2, 3, 4, ...). He advocated two checks on population i.e. positive checks and preventive checks. Population variables are of two kinds - stock and flow. The important source of information is national censuses which is carried out in India after every ten years. Population enumeration is due in 2021. This document is considered as primary which reflects on the trends of growth, rate of fertility, rate of mortality, migration, rural - urban population, sex ratio, population of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes etc. Needless to say, it helps to the policy planners and demographers to adopt appropriate policy measures to handle the population growth. Taking into account the unchecked growth of the population the policy instituted by the government of India to influence at least one of the demographic components of population change. Population policy seeks to enhance the welfare of the society collectively. An effective population policy rests upon knowledge about the demographic trends, its likely future course, and its causes and consequences. In short population policy promotes small family norms, delayed marriage for girls, control the spread of communicable diseases, reduce infant mortality rate, immunization programmes for children etc. All these measures, if implemented properly, will definitely bring down the growth of population.

वरील उतारा वाचून आपणास काय अर्थबोध होतो ? / What do you understand by reading the above passage ?

(a)वरील उताऱ्यात नातेसंबंधाची (kinship) चर्चा आहे. / It is a discussion on kinship.

(b)लोकसंख्यावाढीची संक्षिप्त माहिती आहे असे ध्यानात येते. / It is brief discussion about the population growth.

(c)हे प्राचीन इतिहासाचे वर्णन आहे. / It is a description of an ancient history.

(d)लोकसंख्या वृद्धीची व लोकसंख्या वृद्धिकरिता तीन निर्णायक घटक कारणीभूत आहेत याचा अर्थबोध होतो. / Got insight about three factors which are decisive to and for population growth.

1)(a) आणि (c) बरोबर / (a) and (c) correct
2)(c) आणि (d) बरोबर / (c) and (d) correct
3)(b) आणि (d) बरोबर / (b) and (d) correct✓ Correct
4)(a) आणि (b) बरोबर / (a) and (b) correct

Reading comprehension analysis shows the passage deals with population growth dynamics and the decisive factors responsible for it, rather than kinship or ancient history.

लोससंख्या जनगणने मधून काय ज्ञात होते ? / What we comprehend from the population census ?

(a)लोससंखेचे लिंग प्रमाण / Sex ratio of the population

(b)जनन दर / Rate of fertility

(c)लोससंखेची गतीशीलता (स्थलांतर) / Mobility of the population

(d)ग्रामीण - नागरी प्रदेशात राहणारी लोकसंख्या / People living in rural - urban area

1)फक्त (a) बरोबर / Only (a) correct
2)फक्त (c) बरोबर / Only (c) correct
3)फक्त (d) बरोबर / Only (d) correct
4)वरील सर्व बरोबर / All the above correct✓ Correct

Population census comprehensively captures sex ratio, fertility rates, migration patterns, and rural-urban distribution of people.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Census operations in Maharashtra are conducted by the Directorate of Census Operations Maharashtra.

जगातील सर्वाधिक लोकसंख्या घनता असणारे देश (वर्ष 2012) उतरत्या क्रमाने लावा. Arrange the following countries of the world having the highest density of population (Year 2012) in descending order.

(a)बांगलादेश / Bangladesh

(b)सिंगापूर / Singapore

(c)माल्टा / Malta

(d)मोनॅको / Monaco

(e)मॉरिशस / Mauritius

(f)बहारैन / Baharain

1)(a), (b), (f), (e), (c), (d)
2)(a), (d), (b), (c), (f), (e)
3)(d), (b), (f), (c), (a), (e)✓ Correct
4)(a), (b), (d), (e), (f), (c)

Based on 2012 population density data, micro-states and densely populated nations rank in descending order starting with Monaco, followed by Singapore, Bahrain, Malta, Bangladesh, and Mauritius.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Demography and human geography topics are standard for civil services exams.

जनगणना 2011 प्रमाणे खालील जिल्ह्यांचा लोकसंख्या घनतेसंदर्भात उतरता क्रम ओळख्रा. (a) कोल्हापूर (b) जळगाव (c) पुणे (d) नागपूर (e) सोलापूर

(a)कोल्हापूर

(b)जळगाव

(c)पुणे

(d)नागपूर

(e)सोलापूर

1)(b), (e), (d), (a), (c)
2)(a), (c), (d), (b), (e)
3)(c), (d), (a), (e), (b)
4)(c), (a), (d), (b), (e)✓ Correct

According to the 2011 Census, the descending order of population density for these Maharashtra districts is Pune, Kolhapur, Nagpur, Solapur, and Jalgaon, which corresponds to option 4.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Directly deals with Maharashtra district census statistics.

भारतीय लोकसंख्येच्या बाबतीत खालीलपैकी काय खरे आहे ?

(a)वार्षिक लोकसंख्या वृद्धीदर घटत आहे.

(b)लोकसंख्येतील तरुण लोकसंख्येचा हिस्सा कमी होण्यास सुरुवात झाली आहे.

1)(a) फक्त बरोबर आहे.
2)(b) फक्त बरोबर आहे.
3)(a) व (b) दोन्ही बरोबर आहेत.✓ Correct
4)(a) व (b) दोन्ही चूक आहेत.

India's annual population growth rate is steadily declining as the country transitions through demographic phases, and the proportion of youth/working-age population has started shifting as fertility rates drop.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Maharashtra's demographic indicators closely mirror India's falling fertility and growth rate trends.

खालील शास्त्रज्ञांनी दिलेल्या 'इष्टम लोकसंख्येच्या' व्याखेसी संदर्भीत शास्त्रज्ञांच्या जोड्या लावा. (a) बॉल्डिंग (b) डॅल्टन (c) पीटरसन (d) कार सॉंडर्स (i) जास्तीत जास्त आर्थिक परतावा (ii) राहणीमानाचा दर्जा उंचावणे (iii) जास्तीत जास्त समाज कल्याण (iv) प्रति डोई जास्तीत जास्त उत्पन्न Match the important words in the definition of 'optimum population' with the scholars who gave them. (a) Boulding (b) Dalton (c) Peterson (d) Car Saunders (i) maximum economic growth (ii) maximise standards of living (iii) maximum social welfare (iv) maximise income per head

(a)(a) बॉल्डिंग (i) जास्तीत जास्त आर्थिक परतावा

(b)(b) डॅल्टन (ii) राहणीमानाचा दर्जा उंचावणे

(c)(c) पीटरसन (iii) जास्तीत जास्त समाज कल्याण

(d)(d) कार सॉंडर्स (iv) प्रति डोई जास्तीत जास्त उत्पन्न

1)(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
2)(ii) (iv) (i) (iii)✓ Correct
3)(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
4)(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)

Boulding relates optimum population to standards of living, Dalton to income per head, Peterson to economic return, and Car Saunders to social welfare.

2011च्या जनगणनेनुसार पुढील शहर्रे व त्यांची लोकसंख्या यांची योग्य जोडी लावा :

(a)बृहन् मुंबई

(b)दिल्ली

(c)कलकत्ता

(d)चेन्नई

1)III IV II I
2)I II III IV
3)II I IV III
4)IV III II I✓ Correct

According to Census 2011 population hierarchy of urban agglomerations in India: 1. Greater Mumbai / बृहन् मुंबई, 2. Delhi, 3. Calcutta (Kolkata), 4. Chennai. The pairing maps directly in descending order of population size.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Mumbai's rank as India's top urban agglomeration is a key pride and demographic fact for Maharashtra aspirants.

यादी I आणि यादी II यांच्या योग्य जोड्या जुळवा आणि योग्य पर्याय निवडा : यादी I अ. अर्डकुंडे ब. ॲन्थ्रोपोजिऑग्राफी क. जिऑग्राफीया हुमेना ड. कॉसमॉस यादी II I. अलेक्झांडर व्हॉन हंबोल्ट II. जीन ब्रुन्स III. कार्ल रिटर IV. फ्रेडरिक रॅटझेल अ ब क ड (1) II III I IV (2) IV II III I (3) III IV II I (4) I III IV II

(a)अर्डकुंडे

(b)ॲन्थ्रोपोजिऑग्राफी

(c)जिऑग्राफीया हुमेना

(d)कॉसमॉस

1)(1) II III I IV
2)(2) IV II III I
3)(3) III IV II I✓ Correct
4)(4) I III IV II

Matching foundational works and authors in Human Geography: Erdkunde was written by Carl Ritter, Anthropogeographie by Friedrich Ratzel, Geographia Generalis/Humana by Jean Brunhes (or related concepts), and Cosmos by Alexander von Humboldt.

विकसनशील देशामध्ये लोकसंख्या स्तूप ______ असतो.

(a)Narrow base and wide top

(b)Wide base and wide top

(c)Wide base and narrow top

(d)Narrow base and narrow top

1)अरूंद पाया आणि रुंद माथा
2)रुंद पाया आणि रुंद माथा
3)रुंद पाया आणि अरूंद माथा✓ Correct
4)अरूंद पाया आणि अरूंद माथा

Developing countries have high birth rates and high death rates in younger cohorts, resulting in a population pyramid with a wide base (many children) and a narrow top (fewer old people).

मंगोलियन लोकांच्या त्वचेचा रंग कोणता आहे ? / Which of the following is the skin colour of the Mongolian people ?

1)पिवळसर / Yellowish✓ Correct
2)पांढरा / White
3)काळा / Black
4)गहूवर्णीय / Wheatish

Mongolian (Mongoloid) people are a major human race characterized distinctively by features including a yellowish-brown skin color.

विविध वंशाची ओळख खालीलपैकी कोणत्या वैशिष्ट्याच्या आधारे करता येते ? / To identify the different races, which features among the following are considered ?

(a)नाकाची रुंदी व उंची / Width and height of nose

(b)चेहऱ्याचा आकार / Shape of face

(c)केसाचा रंग / Colour of hair

(d)त्वचेचा रंग / Colour of skin

1)फक्त अ आणि ड / Only a and d
2)फक्त अ आणि ब / Only a and b
3)फक्त अ, ब आणि क / Only a, b and c
4)वरील सर्व / All of the above✓ Correct

Anthropological classification of human races takes into account multiple physical traits including nose dimensions, facial shape, hair color, and skin color.

मानवी वंशाच्या कोणत्या वैशिष्ट्याचे सहजपणे मोजमाप करता येते ? Which features of the human race are easily measurable ?

(a)उंची / Height

(b)डोक्याचा आकार / Shape of the head

(c)त्वचेचा रंग / Skin colour

(d)केसाचा रंग / Hair colour

1)फक्त ब आणि क / Only b and c
2)फक्त अ आणि ब / Only a and b✓ Correct
3)फक्त अ, ब आणि ड / Only a, b and d
4)फक्त ब, क आणि ड / Only b, c and d

Quantitative physical traits like height and head shape (cephalic index) can be precisely measured using instruments, unlike qualitative traits like skin or hair color.

उत्तर अमेरिकन लोकांचे वैशिष्ट्ये दर्शविणारा पर्याय निवडा. Which option indicates the features of the North American people ?

1)पांढरी त्वचा, अधिक उंची, लांबट डोके व निळे डोळे / White-skinned, tallest, long headed and blue-eyed✓ Correct
2)पांढरी त्वचा, निळे डोळे च सरळ केसांचे / White-skinned, blue-eyed and straight-haired
3)लांबट डोके, अधिक उंची व जाड केसांचे / Long headed, tallest and wooly hair
4)रुंद नाकाचे, कमी उंचीचे व काळ्या डोळ्यांचे / Broadest nose, shortest and dark-eyed

North American native and general populations historically belong to specific anthropometric groups characterized by white skin, tall stature, long heads, and blue eyes.

कोणत्या लोकांच्या चेहऱ्याचा आकार मोठा आढळतो ? Which people have broader faces ?

1)मंगोलियन व कॉकेशियन / Mongoloid and Caucasoid
2)मंगोलियन व जपानी / Mongoloid and Japanese
3)चिनी व मंगोलियन / Chinese and Mongoloid✓ Correct
4)कॉकेशियन व जपानी / Caucasoid and Japanese

Chinese and Mongoloid populations typically exhibit broader facial structures, prominent cheekbones, and epicanthic folds compared to other groups.

खालीलपैकी कोणते वैशिष्ट्य सी.बी.डी. (मध्यवर्ती व्यापार जिल्हा) ला लागू पडत नाहीत ? / Which of the following charactestics is/are not applicable to CBD ?

(a)मोठ्या प्रमाणात कार्यालये व दुकाने / High percentage of offices and shops

(b)सुलभ वाहतूक / High accesibility

(c)आडव्यापेक्षा उभी वाढ / Growth is upward rather than sideward

(d)निवासस्थाने असलेला विभाग / Residential area

1)फक्त अ आणि ड / Only a and d
2)फक्त क आणि ड / Only c and d
3)फक्त ड / Only d✓ Correct
4)फक्त अ, ब आणि क / Only a, b and c

A Central Business District (CBD) is characterized by high offices, commercial shops, high accessibility, and vertical growth due to land scarcity, but it is typically not a residential area.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Applicable to core commercial areas like Fort or BKC in Mumbai.

कोणत्या लोकांच्या गटास अचुआ असे म्हणतात ? / Which community group is known as Achua ?

1)बुशमेन / Bushmen
2)पिग्मी / Pygmies✓ Correct
3)एस्किमो / Eskimos
4)नागा / Nagas

The Pygmy people living in the Congo Basin of Central Africa are historically and ethnically referred to as Achua (or Twa/Aka variants depending on the micro-group).

भारतातील खालीलपैकी कोणत्या राज्यात 90 टक्क्यांपेक्षा जास्त हिंदूंची लोकसंख्या आहे ? Which of the following States of India have more than 90 percent Hindu population ?

1)मध्य प्रदेश, हिमाचल प्रदेश, उत्तर प्रदेश / Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh
2)मध्य प्रदेश, हिमाचल प्रदेश, गुजरात / Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat
3)हिमाचल प्रदेश, मध्य प्रदेश, छत्तीसगढ़ / Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh✓ Correct
4)पंजाब, उत्तर प्रदेश, बिहार / Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar

States like Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh have a Hindu population percentage exceeding 90% as per recent census data.

सन 2001 ते 2011 दरम्यानच्या दशवार्षिक शेकडा लोकसंख्या बदलाबाबत पुढील विधानापैकी कोणते योग्य आहे ? Which one of the following statements regarding the percentage decadal change in population 2001 - 2011 is correct ?

(a)महाराष्ट्रात शहरी दशवार्षिक शेकडा बदल ग्रामीणच्या दुप्पट पेक्षा अधिक होता. / In Maharashtra the urban percentage decadal change was more than double the rural.

(b)संपूर्ण देशाकरता शहरी दशवार्षिक शेकडा बदल ग्रामीणच्या तुलनेत त्यापेक्षाही अधिक होता. / For the country as a whole the urban percentage decadal change was even higher than the corresponding rural.

1)फक्त अ / Only a
2)फक्त ब / Only b
3)दोन्ही अ आणि ब / Both a and b✓ Correct
4)दोन्ही नाहीत / Neither a nor b

Between 2001 and 2011, Maharashtra's urban decadal population growth rate was indeed more than double its rural growth rate, and a similar trend of rapid urban growth compared to rural growth was observed across the entire country.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Specifically highlights Maharashtra's high urbanization rate compared to rural areas during 2001-2011.

पुढील दोन विधानापैकी कोणते अयोग्य आहे ? Which one of the following two statements is incorrect ?

(a)महाराष्ट्रात शहरी लिंग गुणोत्तरात 2001 ते 2011 सुधारणा झाली परंतु ग्रामीण भागात घट झाली.

(b)संपूर्ण देशात लिंग गुणोत्तरात शहरी व ग्रामीण क्षेत्रात दोन्हीकडे सदर काळात सुधारणा झाली.

1)फक्त अ / Only a
2)फक्त ब / Only b
3)दोन्ही अ आणि ब / Both a and b
4)दोन्ही नाहीत / Neither a nor b✓ Correct

In Maharashtra, the urban sex ratio improved from 2001 to 2011, but the rural sex ratio actually showed improvement as well rather than a decline in overall terms, and nationally both urban and rural areas showed improvements in sex ratios.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Specific focus on Maharashtra's rural and urban sex ratio changes between 2001 and 2011.

2011 सालच्या जनगणनेनुसार महाराष्ट्राच्या लोकसंख्येची घनता आणि ________ जिल्ह्याच्या लोकसंख्येची घनता एक समान आहे. According to the 2011 Census, the population density of Maharashtra is equal to the population density of which district ?

1)जळगांव / Jalgaon
2)नाशिक / Nashik
3)औरंगाबाद / Aurangabad✓ Correct
4)रायगड / Raigad

According to the 2011 Census, the population density of Maharashtra is 365 persons per sq. km, which is equal to the population density of Sindhudurg district.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Directly relates to Maharashtra district-wise population density data.

गंगेच्या मैदानी प्रदेशाने भारतातील _______ टक्के लोक सामावून घेतले आहेत. The Ganga plains accomodate _______ percent of population of India.

1)13
2)23✓ Correct
3)33
4)43

The Indo-Gangetic plain is one of the most fertile and densely populated regions in the world, accommodating approximately 23% to 40+ percent depending on specific metrics, but option 2 (23%) is the standard textbook figure for its population share relative to the country.

योग्य जोड्या जुळवून खालील पर्यायापैकी योग्य पर्याय ओळखा : जमात (a) अंगामी (b) कोटा (c) मुंडा (d) छुतिया राज्य (i) झारखंड (ii) आसाम (iii) निलगिरी पर्वत (तामिळनाडू) (iv) नागालँड Match the following pairs and choose the correct option from those given below : Tribes (a) Angami (b) Kota (c) Munda (d) Chutiya States (i) Zarkhand (ii) Assam (iii) Nilgiri mountain (Tamil Nadu) (iv) Nagaland

(a)अंगामी - नागालँड

(b)कोटा - निलगिरी पर्वत (तामिळनाडू)

(c)मुंडा - झारखंड

(d)छुतिया - आसाम

1)(iv) (iii) (i) (ii)✓ Correct
2)(iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
3)(iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
4)(i) (iii) (iv) (ii)

Angami tribe belongs to Nagaland, Kota tribe to Nilgiri mountains in Tamil Nadu, Munda tribe to Jharkhand, and Chutiya tribe to Assam.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Important for understanding tribal diversity in India as part of the geography syllabus.

2011 च्या जनगणनेप्रमाणे भारतातील किती शहरांची लोकसंख्या 10 लाखापेक्षा जास्त आहे ? According to 2011 census how many cities in India have more than 1 million population?

1)52
2)53✓ Correct
3)54
4)55

As per the 2011 Census, there are exactly 53 million-plus cities (urban agglomerations/cities with population > 1 million) in India.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Maharashtra contributes a significant number of million-plus cities like Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, etc.

2011 च्या जनगणनानुसार 2001 ते 2011 दरम्यानची स्त्री, साक्षरता दरातील वाढ खालीलपैकी किती होती ? As per the 2011 census what was the rate of improvement in female literacy during 2001 to 2011?

1)53.7 % ते 65.5 % / 53.7 % to 65.5 %✓ Correct
2)54.1 % ते 67.2 % / 54.1 % to 67.2 %
3)52.3 % ते 64.4 % / 52.3 % to 64.4 %
4)55.3 % ते 63.2 % / 55.3 % to 63.2 %

During the decade 2001 to 2011, female literacy in India increased significantly from 53.7% in 2001 to 65.5% in 2011.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Compares with Maharashtra's higher female literacy rates.

2011 च्या जनगणनानुसार कोणत्या राज्याचा लोकसंख्या वाढीचा दर उणे होता ? Which state of India has negative population growth rate as per census 2011 ?

1)गोवा / Goa
2)त्रिपुरा / Tripura
3)नागालँड / Nagaland✓ Correct
4)अरुणाचल प्रदेश / Arunachal Pradesh

Nagaland was the only state in India that recorded a negative population growth rate (-0.58%) during the 2001-2011 decade according to Census 2011.

कोणत्या प्रदेशामध्ये वस्त्यांचे वितरण पूर पातळीद्वारा निश्चित होईल?

1)नर्मदेचा त्रिभुज प्रदेश
2)रोहिलखंड✓ Correct
3)माळवा
4)रामनाड

रोहिलखंड किंवा उत्तर भारतीय मैदानी प्रदेशासारख्या सखल व पूरप्रवण क्षेत्रामध्ये वस्त्यांचे वितरण प्रामुख्याने पूर पातळी आणि पुरापासून संरक्षणाने (उदा. उंचवटे किंवा नैसर्गिक तटबंदी) निश्चित होते.

कोणत्या शहराला 'अरबी समुद्राची राणी' (क्वीन ऑफ अरेबियन सी) म्हटले जाते ? / Which city is called the 'Queen of Arabian Sea' ?

a)मुंबई / Mumbai
b)कोचिन / Cochin✓ Correct
c)पोरबंदर / Porbandar
d)पनमबुर / Panambur

Kochi (Cochin) in Kerala is known as the 'Queen of the Arabian Sea' due to its long history as an important spice trading port and natural harbor.

सन 2011 च्या जनगणनेनुसार भारतातील सर्वात अधिक लोकसंख्या असलेली पाच शहरे त्यांच्या उतरत्या लोकसंख्येच्या क्रमात कोणती आहेत?

1)मुंबई, दिल्ली, बंगलोर, हैदराबाद, अहमदाबाद✓ Correct
2)मुंबई, दिल्ली, कलकत्ता, चेन्नई, बंगलोर
3)मुंबई, दिल्ली, बंगलोर, अहमदाबाद, हैदराबाद
4)मुंबई, दिल्ली, हैदराबाद, बंगलोर, अहमदाबाद

According to the 2011 Census, the top five most populous urban agglomerations/cities in India in descending order are Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Hyderabad, and Ahmedabad.

🏛️ The Maharashtra angle

Mumbai being at the top highlights Maharashtra's preeminence in urban population.