Dipole moment
Dipole moment is a Science & Technology concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 2 past MPSC questions (2019, 2023). Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.
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NH₃ आणि BF₃ च्या आकारांबद्दल खालीलपैकी कोणता पर्याय अचूक आहे ? Which of the following is correct for the shapes of NH₃ and BF₃ ?
NH3 has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pair, resulting in a pyramidal shape due to sp3 hybridization and lone pair-bond pair repulsion. BF3 has 3 bond pairs and no lone pairs, resulting in a trigonal planar shape due to sp2 hybridization.
खालील दिलेल्या विधानापैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? Which of the following statements are correct?
(a)HF आणि H₂O ही ध्रुवीय संयुगे आहेत. / HF and H₂O are polar molecules.
(b)CH₄ आणि CO₂ ही ध्रुवीय संयुगे नाहीत. / CH₄ and CO₂ are non-polar molecules.
(c)CO₂ आणि SO₂ ही ध्रुवीय संयुगे नाहीत. / CO₂ and SO₂ are non-polar molecules.
HF and H2O are polar molecules due to significant electronegativity difference and bent/asymmetrical geometry. CH4 and CO2 are non-polar due to symmetrical geometry cancelling dipoles.