Federalism
Federalism is a Polity concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 6 past MPSC questions across 4 exam years between 2014 and 2024. Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.
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घटकराज्यातील आणीबाणीसंदर्भातील 'बोम्मई खटल्या' बाबत खालीलपैकी कोणती विधाने योग्य आहेत ? / Which of the following statements are correct regarding the 'Bommai Case' in reference to the Emergency in the State ?
(a)बोम्मई खटल्याचा निकाल सर्वोच्च न्यायालयाने 1994 मध्ये दिला. / The 'Bommai Case' Judgement was delivered by the Supreme Court in 1994.
(b)घटकराज्यात राष्ट्रपती राजवट आणली गेल्यास राज्यांना सर्वोच्च न्यायालयाकडे दाद मागता येऊ शकते. / States can appeal to the Supreme Court when President's rule is introduced in the States.
(c)स सबळ कारण नसताना राष्ट्रपती राजवट आणली गेल्यास सर्वोच्च न्यायालय केंद्र सरकारचा निर्णय रद्द करू शकते. / If President's Rule is imposed without valid reason/s the Supreme Court can quash the decision of the Central Government.
(d)घटकराज्यातील विधानसभा बरखास्त करण्याच्या आदेशाला संसदेची मान्यता घेणे आवश्यक असते. / An order to dissolve a State Assembly requires the approval of the Parliament.
In the S.R. Bommai case (1994), the Supreme Court laid down guidelines to prevent the misuse of Article 356, establishing that President's Rule is subject to judicial review and parliamentary approval.
पुढीलपैकी कोणत्या संकल्पनांमुळे भारतीय लोकशाहीचा प्रयोग यशस्वी झाला असे समजण्यात येते ? / Which of the following concepts can be considered as responsible for success of Indian Democratic experiment ?
(a)अधिकार / Authority
(b)प्रतिनिधीत्व / Representation
(c)सांस्कृतिक बहुलता / Cultural Plurality
(d)न्याय / Justice
The success of Indian democracy is attributed to institutional representation (b), respect for cultural plurality (c), and delivery of justice (d). Authority (a) in a democratic setup is derivative of the people, making (a), (b), and (d) or specific combinations correct as per standard answer keys.
खालील विधाने लक्षात घ्या : अ. भारतीय राज्यघटनेच्या कलम 262 नुसार संसदेला कायदाद्वारे आंतरराज्यीय नद्यांच्या किंवा नदी खोऱ्यातील पाण्याच्यासंबंधीच्या तंट्यांच्या अभिनिर्णया करता तरतूद करता येते ? ब. कलम 262 नुसार भारताच्या राष्ट्रपतींना आंतरराज्य नदी जलवाटप लवाद स्थापन करण्याचा अधिकार आहे. वरील विधानातील चुकीचे विधान/ने कोणते ? Consider the following statements : a. According to Article 262 of the Indian Constitution, the Parliament may by law provide for the adjudication of interstate river water dispute. b. Article 262 empowers the President of India to set up an interstate river water dispute tribunal. Select the incorrect statement/s :
(a)भारतीय राज्यघटनेच्या कलम 262 नुसार संसदेला कायदाद्वारे आंतरराज्यीय नद्यांच्या किंवा नदी खोऱ्यातील पाण्याच्यासंबंधीच्या तंट्यांच्या अभिनिर्णया करता तरतूद करता येते ? / According to Article 262 of the Indian Constitution, the Parliament may by law provide for the adjudication of interstate river water dispute.
(b)कलम 262 नुसार भारताच्या राष्ट्रपतींना आंतरराज्य नदी जलवाटप लवाद स्थापन करण्याचा अधिकार आहे. / Article 262 empowers the President of India to set up an interstate river water dispute tribunal.
Article 262 empowers Parliament to provide for adjudication of interstate river water disputes. However, the power to set up a tribunal is given to the Central Government/Parliament by law, not directly by the President's discretionary executive power.
खालील विधानातील कोणते विधान योग्य आहे ? Which of the following statements is correct ?
(a)सर्व निरीक्षकांना असे वाटत होते की भारत एकसंध राहू शकणार नाही. / All the observers thought that India will not be able remain as one unified country.
(b)जम्मू व कश्मीर मध्ये पाकिस्तान भारत संघर्षापेक्षा त्या राज्यातील राजकीय अपेक्षांचा प्रश्न मोठा होता. / In Jammu and Kashmir the problem of regional aspirations of the people was bigger than that of India - Pakistan conflict.
Many observers actually predicted India's fragmentation post-independence, and the Kashmir issue had a massive external Pakistan dimension alongside internal political aspirations, making both statements historically false.
भारताने विविधतेच्या प्रश्नाचा सामना कसा केला ? How India faced the challenges of diversity ?
India successfully addressed the challenges of diversity by adopting a democratic framework, which allowed accommodation of regional, linguistic, and cultural differences through dialogue and constitutional means.