Maratha Administration
Maratha Administration is a History concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 3 past MPSC questions (2014, 2020). Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.
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मराठा साम्राज्यात मुळतः काही अंडीवा होत्या ज्यामुळे त्यांचा अध:पात झाला. पुढीलपैकी कोणती त्यातील एक नव्हती ? / The Maratha power suffered from certain basic weaknesses which led to its downfall. Which of the following was not one among them ?
The decline of the Maratha Empire was caused by systemic political alienation, predatory raids, and harsh taxation, making 'None of the above' the correct choice since all listed factors were actual weaknesses.
पुढील कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ? / Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
(a)चौथ : मराठ्यांनी त्यांच्या राज्याच्या बाहेरील क्षेत्रातून मिळवलेला कर-मुगल साम्राज्याला दिल्या जाणाऱ्या महसूलाच्या एक चतुर्थांश / Chauth : Tax realised by Marathas from the areas outside their domain-equal to one fourth of the revenue paid to the Mughal Empire.
(b)सरदेशमुखी : मराठ्यांनी जमीन महसूलाच्या एक दशांश लावलेला कर. / Sardeshmukhi : Tax realised by the Marathas equal to one tenth of the land revenue.
(c)मिसल : राजपुतातील राजकीय घटक प्रत्येक केवळ आपल्या पुढाऱ्याला मानणारे. / Misl : Political unit among the Rajputs, each loyal to its own particular leader.
Statement (c) is incorrect because 'Misl' refers to the confederacies or political military units of the Sikh community in Punjab, not the Rajputs. Chauth and Sardeshmukhi correctly define Maratha revenue collection systems.
जोड्या जुळवा : (a) पेशवे (b) महाराज सवाई जयसिंग (c) रघुनाथ नवलकर (d) तंजावरचे राजे सर्फोजी Match the following : (a) The Peshwas (b) Maharaja Sawai Jaysingh (c) Raghunath Navalkar (d) Raja Sarfoji of Tanjore
(a)पेशवे / The Peshwas
(b)महाराज सवाई जयसिंग / Maharaja Sawai Jaysingh
(c)रघुनाथ नवलकर / Raghunath Navalkar
(d)तंजावरचे राजे सर्फोजी / Raja Sarfoji of Tanjore
(i)इंग्रजी पुस्तकांचे वाचनालय तयार केले आणि विज्ञानातील प्रयोगशाळेसाठी प्रयोगशाळा बांधली.
(ii)यांच्या दरबारात युरोपियन डॉक्टर आणि विद्वान होते.
(iii)पोर्तुगीज राजाला पोर्तुगीज खगोल शास्त्रज्ञ पाठविण्यास सांगितले.
(iv)इंग्रजी शिकले आणि त्या भाषेत उत्तम लिहीत.
Matching historical personalities/rulers with their scholarly or scientific contributions: Peshwas (ii - European doctors/scholars in court), Maharaja Sawai Jaysingh (iii - astronomical interests and contacts with Portuguese kings), Raghunath Navalkar (i - library and laboratory setup), Raja Sarfoji of Tanjore (iv - English learning and writing).