Constitutional Amendments
Constitutional Amendments is a History concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 16 past MPSC questions across 8 exam years between 2016 and 2025. Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.
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खालील विधाने वाचा. (a) काळ्यांना राजकीय स्वातंत्र्य देण्याचे आश्वासन रिपब्लिकन पक्षाच्या 1860 मधील जाहीरनाम्यात प्रसिद्ध केलेले होत. (b) तेराव्या घटनादुरुस्तीमुळे गुलामगिरी नष्ट करण्याची तरूद झाली. (c) काळ्यांना देण्यात आलेले नागरी अधिकार असंवैधानिक असल्याचे सर्वोच्च न्यायालयाने 1883 साली जाहीर केले. Read the statements. (a) The Republican Manifesto of 1860 had included a promise of political freedom to the Blacks. (b) The Thirteenth Amendment provided for Abolition of Slavery. (c) The Supreme Court in 1883 declared that the Civil Rights conferred upon the Blacks were unconstitutional.
(a)काळ्यांना राजकीय स्वातंत्र्य देण्याचे आश्वासन रिपब्लिकन पक्षाच्या 1860 मधील जाहीरनाम्यात प्रसिद्ध केलेले होत. / The Republican Manifesto of 1860 had included a promise of political freedom to the Blacks.
(b)तेराव्या घटनादुरुस्तीमुळे गुलामगिरी नष्ट करण्याची तरूद झाली. / The Thirteenth Amendment provided for Abolition of Slavery.
(c)काळ्यांना देण्यात आलेले नागरी अधिकार असंवैधानिक असल्याचे सर्वोच्च न्यायालयाने 1883 साली जाहीर केले. / The Supreme Court in 1883 declared that the Civil Rights conferred upon the Blacks were unconstitutional.
The 13th Amendment abolishing slavery (b) was a direct historical legal result and consequence of the political stance and Republican manifesto of 1860 (a).
घटनेच्या मूलभूत संरचने संबंधी काही बाबींमध्ये घडवून आणलेल्या बदलांचे समर्थन कोणत्या कारणांनी करता येते ? On what grounds are changes in aspects of the basic structure of the Constitution Justified ?
(a)संसदेतील बहुमतत असलेल्या पक्षाची इच्छा आहे म्हणून. Because it is the wish of the majority party in Parliament.
(b)बदलत्या काळाबरोबर गती राखण्यासाठी पूर्णपणे आवश्यक आहे म्हणून. Because it is absolutely necessary in order to keep pace with changing times.
(c)सामाजिक, आर्थिक व राजकीय परिस्थितीच्या संदर्भात तो बदल आवश्यक आहे म्हणून. If the change is necessary in the context of Social, Economic and Political Milieux.
(d)अस्तित्वात असलेल्या अधिकारांच्या मूल्य वृद्धिच्या स्वरूपातील बदल करण्यासाठी. If the change is in the form of value addition to existing rights.
Changes to the basic structure are justified if they keep pace with changing times, address socio-economic-political realities, or add value to existing rights, as held in constitutional jurisprudence.
खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : अ. मूळच्या राज्य घटनेत उपराष्ट्रपतीची निवड संसदेच्या दोन्ही सभागृहांच्या संयुक्त बैठकीत व्हावी अशी तरतूद होती. ब. 1961 च्या 11 व्या घटनादुरुस्तीने उपराष्ट्रपतीच्या निवडीची पद्धत बदलण्यात आली. क. उपराष्ट्रपतीची निवड दोन्ही सभागृहांच्या केवळ निर्वाचित सदस्यांच्या निवडमंडळाकडून केली जाते. ड. निवड मंडळ (Electoral College) अपूर्ण होते या कारणास्तव उपराष्ट्रपतीच्या निव्वडणुकीला आव्हान देता येत नाही. Consider the following statements : a. The original Constitution provided that the Vice-President would be elected by the two Houses of Parliament assembled at a joint meeting. b. The 11th Constitutional Amendment, 1961 changed the procedure of election of the Vice-President. c. The Vice-President is elected by the members of an electoral college consisting of the elected members only of both the Houses. d. The election of the Vice-President cannot be challenged on the grounds that the electoral college was incomplete.
(a)मूळच्या राज्य घटनेत उपराष्ट्रपतीची निवड संसदेच्या दोन्ही सभागराहांच्या संयुक्त बैठकीत व्हावी अशी तरतूद होती. / The original Constitution provided that the Vice-President would be elected by the two Houses of Parliament assembled at a joint meeting.
(b)1961 च्या 11 व्या घटनादुरुस्तीने उपराष्ट्रपतीच्या निवडीची पद्धत बदलण्यात आली. / The 11th Constitutional Amendment, 1961 changed the procedure of election of the Vice-President.
(c)उपराष्ट्रपतीची निवड दोन्ही सभागृहांच्या केवळ निर्वाचित सदस्यांच्या निवडमंडळाकडून केली जाते. / The Vice-President is elected by the members of an electoral college consisting of the elected members only of both the Houses.
(d)निवड मंडळ (Electoral College) अपूर्ण होते या कारणास्तव उपराष्ट्रपतीच्या निव्वडणुकीला आव्हान देता येत नाही. / The election of the Vice-President cannot be challenged on the grounds that the electoral college was incomplete.
Originally, the Vice-President was to be elected by a joint sitting of both houses of Parliament. The 11th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1961 changed this to an electoral college of both houses, and stated that an incomplete electoral college cannot invalidate the election. Statement c is wrong because elected AND nominated members both participate in the VP election.
नागरिकांसाठी खालीलपैकी कोणती कर्तव्ये विहीत करण्यात आली आहेत ? Which one of the following duties have been prescribed for the citizens ?
(a)ग्रामपंचायतीचे संघठन करणे / To organize village panchayats
(b)उत्पन्नातील विषमता कमी करणे / To minimize inequalities in income
(c)देशाचे संरक्षण करणे / To defend the country
(d)लष्करी सेवा बजावणे / To render military service
(e)समान नागरी कायदा निश्चित करणे / To secure uniform civil code
(f)सार्वजनिक निवडणुकांमध्ये मतदान करणे / To vote in public elections
Out of the given options, only 'to defend the country' (देशचे संरक्षण करणे) is a Fundamental Duty under Article 51A. The others (organizing village panchayats, reducing income inequality, uniform civil code) are Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).
भारतीय राजघटनेत शिक्षणाचा अधिकार खालीलपैकी कश्याद्वारे जोडण्यात आला ? / The Right to Education was added to the Indian Constitution by which of the following ?
The Right to Education was added as Article 21A by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002.