Municipalities
Municipalities is a Polity concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 2 past MPSC questions (2017, 2021). Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations.
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73 व्या व 74 व्या घटना दुरुस्ती कायदा द्वारे पुढीलपैकी काय प्रस्तावित केले गेले ? What was introduced by the 73rd and the 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts ?
(a)शासनाचा तिसरा स्तर / third tier of government
(b)लोकतांत्रीक विकेंद्रीकरण / democratic decentralisation
(c)मतदानाचे वय 21 वरून 18 वर घटविले / reduced the age of voting from 21 to 18
(d)केंद्रशासित प्रदेशांससंबंधी नियमन / rules regarding union territories
The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts established Panchayats and Municipalities, creating a third tier of government and promoting democratic decentralisation.
पंचायतीराज वर 73 व्या घटनादुरुस्तीमध्ये समावेश असलेल्या, खालीलपैकी कोणत्या तरतूदी ह्या ऐच्छिक तरतूदी नाहीत ? Which of the following are not the voluntary provisions of the 73rd Amendment Act on Panchayati Raj ?
(a)ग्रामपंचायत, पंचायत समिती आणि जिल्हा परिषद यांचे लोकप्रतिनिधी मतदारांद्वारे प्रत्यक्षरीत्या निवडले जातील. / Direct elections to all seats in Panchayats at the village, intermediate and district level.
(b)पंचायत राज्य संस्थांना आर्थिक अधिकार देणे, ज्यामध्ये त्यांना कर, जकाती व पथकर लावण्याचा, वसूल करण्याचा आणि वापरण्याचा अधिकार समाविष्ट असेल. / Granting financial powers to the Panchayats that is authorising them to levy, collect and appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees.
(c)पंचायत राज्य संस्थांची निवडणूक लढविण्यासाठी 21 वर्षे ही किमान वयोमर्यादा असेल. / 21 years to be the minimum age for contesting elections to panchayats.
(d)स्थानिक खासदार व आमदारांना त्यांच्या मतदारसंघात असणाऱ्या पंचायत राज्य संस्थांमध्ये प्रतिनिधित्व देण्यात यावे. / Giving representation to Members of the Parliament and the State Legislature in the Panchayats at different levels falling within their constituencies.
Under the 73rd Amendment, direct election of panchayat members at all levels and the minimum age of 21 years for contesting elections are compulsory provisions, not voluntary ones.