Presidential Election
Presidential Election is a Polity concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 5 past MPSC questions across 4 exam years between 2018 and 2021. Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.
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भारताच्या उपराष्ट्रपती बाबत खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ? Which one of the following statements about the Vice-President of India is incorrect ?
(a)या पदासाठी असलेल्या निर्वाचन मंडळामध्ये संसदेच्या दोन्ही सभागृहांच्या निर्वाचित सदस्यांचा समावेश असतो. / The electoral college for election to this office consists of the elected members of both the Houses of Parliament.
(b)ते राष्ट्रपतीच्या अनुपस्थिती मध्ये सहा महिन्यापेक्षा जास्त काळ नाही इतक्या कालावधीसाठी राष्ट्रपती पदावर राहू शकतात. / He can hold the office of the President for a period not exceeding six months in the absence of the President.
(c)या पदाच्या निवडणुकीसाठी किमान 20 मतदार हे प्रस्तावक आणि 20 मतदार हे अनुमोदक असणे आवश्यक असते. / For election to this office a candidate's nomination paper must be subscribed by at least 20 electors as proposers and 20 electors as seconders.
All the given statements regarding the Vice-President of India are correct (e.g., electoral college has MPs from both houses, acts as President for max 6 months, nomination requires 20 proposers and 20 seconders). Therefore, none of the statements is incorrect.
खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : अ. मूळच्या राज्य घटनेत उपराष्ट्रपतीची निवड संसदेच्या दोन्ही सभागृहांच्या संयुक्त बैठकीत व्हावी अशी तरतूद होती. ब. 1961 च्या 11 व्या घटनादुरुस्तीने उपराष्ट्रपतीच्या निवडीची पद्धत बदलण्यात आली. क. उपराष्ट्रपतीची निवड दोन्ही सभागृहांच्या केवळ निर्वाचित सदस्यांच्या निवडमंडळाकडून केली जाते. ड. निवड मंडळ (Electoral College) अपूर्ण होते या कारणास्तव उपराष्ट्रपतीच्या निव्वडणुकीला आव्हान देता येत नाही. Consider the following statements : a. The original Constitution provided that the Vice-President would be elected by the two Houses of Parliament assembled at a joint meeting. b. The 11th Constitutional Amendment, 1961 changed the procedure of election of the Vice-President. c. The Vice-President is elected by the members of an electoral college consisting of the elected members only of both the Houses. d. The election of the Vice-President cannot be challenged on the grounds that the electoral college was incomplete.
(a)मूळच्या राज्य घटनेत उपराष्ट्रपतीची निवड संसदेच्या दोन्ही सभागराहांच्या संयुक्त बैठकीत व्हावी अशी तरतूद होती. / The original Constitution provided that the Vice-President would be elected by the two Houses of Parliament assembled at a joint meeting.
(b)1961 च्या 11 व्या घटनादुरुस्तीने उपराष्ट्रपतीच्या निवडीची पद्धत बदलण्यात आली. / The 11th Constitutional Amendment, 1961 changed the procedure of election of the Vice-President.
(c)उपराष्ट्रपतीची निवड दोन्ही सभागृहांच्या केवळ निर्वाचित सदस्यांच्या निवडमंडळाकडून केली जाते. / The Vice-President is elected by the members of an electoral college consisting of the elected members only of both the Houses.
(d)निवड मंडळ (Electoral College) अपूर्ण होते या कारणास्तव उपराष्ट्रपतीच्या निव्वडणुकीला आव्हान देता येत नाही. / The election of the Vice-President cannot be challenged on the grounds that the electoral college was incomplete.
Originally, the Vice-President was to be elected by a joint sitting of both houses of Parliament. The 11th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1961 changed this to an electoral college of both houses, and stated that an incomplete electoral college cannot invalidate the election. Statement c is wrong because elected AND nominated members both participate in the VP election.
खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? Which of the following statements is/are correct ?
(a)लोकसभेला नव्हे तर फक्त राज्यसभेच नामनिर्देशित सभासद असतात. / Only the Rajya Sabha and not Lok Sabha can have nominated members.
(b)राज्यसभेवर अँग्लो इंडियन ह्या जमातीचे दोन सभासद नेमण्याची घटनात्मक तरतूद आहे. / There is a constitutional provision for nominating two members belonging to the Anglo-Indian Community to the Rajya Sabha.
(c)किती नामनिर्देशित सभासदांना केंद्रीय मंत्री बनवावे याबाबत राज्यघटनेचे कोणतेही बंधन नाही. / There is no constitutional bar for nominated members to be appointed as Union Ministers.
(d)नामनिर्देशित सभासद राष्ट्रपती आणि उपराष्ट्रपती अशा दोन्ही निवडणुकीत मतदान करू शकतात. / A nominated member can vote both in Presidential and Vice-Presidential elections.
Statement a is wrong because both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha can have nominated members (historically Anglo-Indians in LS, and art/science/literature members in RS, though Anglo-Indian nomination ended recently). Statement b is wrong because Anglo-Indians were nominated to Lok Sabha, not Rajya Sabha. Statement c is correct as there is no constitutional bar preventing a nominated member from becoming a Union Minister. Statement d is wrong because nominated members cannot vote in Presidential elections (though they vote in Vice-Presidential elections).
भारतातील प्रतोद विषयी योग्य विधाने निवडा : Select the correct statements about Whip in India :
(a)कायदे मंडळातील सभागृहात पक्षातील सदस्यांचे शिस्त आणि वर्तन यासाठी प्रतोद जबाबदार असतो. / Whip is responsible for the party's discipline and behaviour in the house of legislature.
(b)भारताने ही संकल्पना ब्रिटिश संसदीय प्रणालीकडून घेतली आहे. / India inherited this concept from the British Parliamentary System.
(c)अतिरिक्त प्रतोदाच्या सहाय्यासह एक मुख्य प्रतोद असतो. / There can be chief whip, assisted by additional whips.
(d)राष्ट्रपतीच्या निवडणूकीवेळी प्रतोद खासदार आणि आमदार यांना विशिष्ट रीतीने मत देण्यासाठी निर्देशीत करू शकत नाही. / In presidential elections whips cannot direct a Member of Parliament (MP) or Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) to vote in a particular fashion.
The whip system in India is borrowed from the British system, ensures party discipline, has chief and additional whips, and importantly, whips cannot be issued to direct voting in Presidential elections where voting is by secret ballot and conscience.
खालीलपैकी कोण राष्ट्रपतीपदाच्या निवडणुकीत थेट भाग घेत नाही? Who among the following is not directly participating in the election of President ?
(a)लोकसभा व राज्याचे निवडलेले सदस्य / The elected members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
(b)राज्यांच्या विधानसभांचे निर्वाचित सदस्य / The elected members of Legislative Assemblies of the State.
(c)दिल्ली आणि पुदुचेरी या केंद्रशासित प्रदेशांच्या विधानसभांचे निर्वाचित सदस्य / The elected members of Legislative Assemblies of the union territories of Delhi and Puducherry.
(d)राज्य विधान परिपदांचे निवडलेले आणि नामनिर्देशित सदस्य / Both elected and nominated members of the state legislative councils.
State Legislative Councils (Vidhan Parishad) do not participate in the election of the President. The electoral college consists of elected members of both houses of Parliament, elected members of State Legislative Assemblies, and elected members of Delhi and Puducherry UTs.