Residuary Powers
Residuary Powers is a Polity concept from the MPSC syllabus, tested in 3 past MPSC questions (2016, 2020, 2023). Below are those real questions with their correct answers and explanations, plus the concepts worth being comfortable with first.
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खालील तरतूदी विचारत घ्या. वरीलपैकी कोणत्या तरतूद/तरतुदी नसल्या तर भारतीय राज्यघटना ही अधिक संघराज्यात्मक स्वरूपाची बनली असती ? Consider the following provisions. Which of the above, if absent, would make the Indian Constitution more Federal in nature ?
(a)शेषाधिकार हे केन्द्र शासनाकडे आहेत. / The residuary powers have been left with the centre.
(b)अधिकारांची विभागणी ही घटक राज्ये आणि केन्द्र शासनामध्ये केली आहे. / The powers divided between states and the central government.
(c)राष्ट्रपती घटक राज्याच्या विधेयकांवर निर्णायक (संपूर्ण) नकारधिकार वापरतात. / President enjoys absolute veto over state bills.
(d)केन्द्र शासन हे राज्याच्या संमतीविना राज्याचे नाव, सीमा आणि क्षेत्रामध्ये बदल करू शकते. / The Union can change the name, area and boundary of a state without its consent.
Features that make a constitution less federal or more unitary include a strong center holding residuary powers, absolute veto by the President on state bills, and Parliament's unilateral power to alter state boundaries. If these unitary features were absent, the Constitution would be more federal.
भारतातील केंद्र व राज्य शासन यांच्यातील कायदेविषयक परस्पर संबंधाबाबत खालीलपैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? / Which of the following statements are correct regarding the legal relationship between the Central and State Government in India ?
(a)अ. शेतजमिनी व्यतिरिक्त इतर मालमत्तेचे हस्तांतरण हा विषय समवर्ती सूचीमध्ये समाविष्ट आहे. / A. The subject of transfer of property other than agricultural land is included in the Concurrent List.
(b)ब. शेतीयोग्य जमीन सोडून इतर प्रकारच्या संपत्तीवरील कर हा विषय संघसूचीमध्ये समाविष्ट आहे. / B. The subject of wealth tax on property other than agricultural land is included in the Union List.
(c)क. करमणूक कर हा विषय समवर्ती सूचीमध्ये समाविष्ट आहे. / C. The subject of entertainment tax is included in the Concurrent List.
(d)ड. 'पुरातन वस्तू संग्रहालये' हा विषय राज्य सूचीमध्ये समाविष्ट आहे. / D. The subject of 'Antiquities Museum' is included in the State List.
Under the 7th Schedule: Transfer of property other than agricultural land is in the Concurrent List (A), Wealth tax on property other than agricultural land is in the Union List (B), and Antiquities and art treasures is in the Union List (making D incorrect since it states State List). Entertainment tax has constitutional nuances, but A and B are core correct provisions regarding property and taxation.
खालील विधाने विचारत घ्या : अ. 1935 च्या कायद्यान्वये उर्वरित अधिकार हे भारताच्या गव्हर्नर जनरलकडे होते. ब. अमेरिकेत उर्वरित अधिकार हे राज्याकडे देण्यात आले आहेत. क. कॅनडामध्ये उर्वरित अधिकार हे प्रांतांना देण्यात आले आहेत. वरीलपैकी कोणते विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? Consider the following statements : a. Under the Act of 1935, the residuary powers were given to the Governor General of India. b. In United States the residuary powers are left to the States. c. In Canada the residuary powers are vested in the Provinces. Which of the above statements are correct ?
(a)1935 च्या कायद्यान्वये उर्वरित अधिकार हे भारताच्या गव्हर्नर जनरलकडे होते. / Under the Act of 1935, the residuary powers were given to the Governor General of India.
(b)अमेरिकेत उर्वरित अधिकार हे राज्यांकडे देण्यात आले आहेत. / In United States the residuary powers are left to the States.
(c)कॅनडामध्ये उर्वरित अधिकार हे प्रांतांना देण्यांत आले आहेत. / In Canada the residuary powers are vested in the Provinces.
Under the Government of India Act 1935, residuary powers were vested in the Governor-General. In the US Constitution, residuary powers are left to the States, whereas in Canada, they are vested in the Centre (not provinces). Thus statements a and b are correct, while c is incorrect.