Reforms, Industry & Trade — MPSC PYQ

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जागतिकीकरणात महत्तम सामाजिक कल्याणापासून आपण दूर गेल्याची स्थिती खालीलपैकी कोणत्या कारणामुळे दिसून येते ?

Globalization has led to a departure from maximal social welfare due to persistent poverty, unemployment, and rising inequality.

जागतिकीकरणामुळे खालीलपैकी कोणत्या क्षेत्रातील रोजगार कमी झाला आहे ? / Employment in which of the following sector has decreased due to globalization ?

Due to privatization and globalization policies, the scope, recruitment, and share of employment in the public sector have decreased over time as private sectors expanded.

कर्मचारी भविष्यनिर्वाह निधी कायदा __________ मध्ये करण्यात आला. / The Employees Provident Fund Act was made in __________.

The Employees' Provident Fund (EPF) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act was enacted by the Parliament of India in the year 1952 to provide social security benefits to employees.

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धोरण निश्चितीत खालीलपैकी कोणी कठीण वेळ आणली आहे ? Which of the following have created challenging times for policy-making ?

Complex macroeconomic shocks, global uncertainties, structural bottlenecks, and fiscal deficits create challenging environments for economic policy-making.

अर्थव्यवस्थेची दीर्घकालीन वाढ साधण्यासाठी भारत सरकारने कोणते उपाय राबविले ? खालीलपैकी योग्य पर्याय निवडा. Which measures have been implemented by the government of India to prepare the economy for a sustained long-term expansion ? Choose the correct option.

To achieve long-term economic expansion, India focused on safety nets for vulnerable sections and boosting capital expenditure on infrastructure.

वर्ष 2021-22 मध्ये भारतातील कोणते उत्पादक क्षेत्र उत्तम कामगिरी करेल ? In the year 2021-22, which productive sector of India will show the better performance ?

Post-pandemic economic recovery in 2021-22 saw the industrial sector, including mining and construction, register significant growth rebound compared to others.

जुलै 1991 पासून अर्थव्यवस्थेतील पुरवठा बाजू सुधारण्यासाठी व्यापक उदारीकरणाचे उपाय लागू केले जात आहेत. यातील अधिक महत्त्वाचे आहेत : Since July 1991, comprehensive liberalization measures have been undertaken to improve the supply side of the economy. Among these the more important are :

The 1991 economic reforms introduced structural and stabilization measures including trade and capital flows reforms, industrial deregulation, disinvestment, public enterprise reforms, and financial sector reforms to boost the supply side.

खालीलपैकी कोणता उद्योग शेती अवजारांचे उत्पादन मोठ्या प्रमाणावर करतो ? / Which of the following industry produces agricultural tools on large scale ?

Agricultural tools and heavy machinery are predominantly manufactured by engineering and heavy industries, specifically tailored for farming sectors in states like Maharashtra.

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1991 साली भारत सरकारने स्वीकारलेल्या नवीन आर्थिक धोरणामुळे पुढीलपैकी कोणत्या मूल्याचे महत्त्व कमी झाले ? Which value cost its salience with the adoption of the 1991 New Economic Policy ?

The New Economic Policy (NEP) of 1991 introduced Liberalisation, Privatisation, and Globalisation (LPG), shifting focus toward market capitalism and reducing the prominence of traditional socialism.

1991 साली स्वीकारलेले नवे आर्थिक धोरण _______. The New Economic Policy adopted in 1991 was _______.

The 1991 New Economic Policy introduced LPG (Liberalisation, Privatisation, Globalisation), moving away from state-controlled socialism towards a market-driven economy, meaning it was not at all related to socialist principles.

रेरा (नियमन आणि विकास) कायदा यासंदर्भात पुढील विधाने लक्षात घ्या व योग्य विधान/विधाने निवडा : (a) सन 2016 मधे संमत झाला. (b) घरांच्या खरेदीदारांचे हित सांभाळणे हे त्याचे उद्दिष्ट आहे. (c) जम्मू आणि काश्मीर राज्यात लागू नव्हता. Consider the following statements about Real Estate (Regulation and development) Act and select correct one.

RERA was passed in 2016 to protect home buyers' interests and ensure transparency in the real estate sector. Post the abrogation of Article 370, it applies nationwide, but initially, it did not apply to Jammu and Kashmir.

GATT (जनरल अँग्रीमेंट ऑन ट्रेड अँड टॅरिफ्स) संदर्भात पुढील विधानं विचारात घ्या. वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहे/आहेत ? Consider the following statements with reference to GATT agreement (General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs). Which of the above statement/s is/are correct ?

GATT was established in 1948 with 23 founding members and laid the groundwork for international trade rules. It was eventually succeeded by the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995. Thus, statements (a), (b), and (c) are correct.

जोड्या लावा : गट - अ ( आर्थिक सुधारणा ) (a) विमुद्रीकरण (b) नवा बेनामी कायदा (c) दिवाळखोरी कायदा (d) आधार कायदा Match the following : Group - A (Economic Reforms) (a) Demonetisation (b) New Benami Law (c) Bankruptcy Law (d) Aadhar Act गट - ब ( उद्दिष्ट्ये ) (i) काळ्या पैशाचे नियंत्रण (ii) खोटे चलन निष्कासित करणे (iii) अनुदानांचे तकार्थीघटीकरण (iv) व्यवसाय सरळतेस प्रवर्तिंत करणे Group - B (Objectives) (i) Checking black money (ii) Removing fake currency (iii) Rationalising subsidies (iv) Promoting ease of doing business

Demonetization aimed to remove fake currency (ii), the New Benami Law checks black money (i), the Bankruptcy Law promotes ease of doing business (iv), and the Aadhar Act helps in rationalizing subsidies (iii). Thus, matching (a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii) forms option 2.

सन 1991 मध्ये विकासाचे एलू.पी.जी. प्रतिमान ____________ या वेळेलोच्या अर्थ मंत्र्यांनी अमलात आणले. The LPG model of development was introduced in 1991 by then Finance Minister

Dr. Manmohan Singh was the Union Finance Minister in the P.V. Narasimha Rao government who presented the landmark 1991 Union Budget and introduced the LPG reforms.

भौगोलिक, राष्ट्रीय सीमा व कालमर्यादा निरर्थक ठरत आहेत कारण Geographical, national borders and time zones are becoming irrelevant because of

Globalization and ICT have erased geographical borders and time zones, enabling seamless cross-border trade, remote working, and 24/7 global markets.

व्यापार ही मानवी संस्कृती इतकीच जुनी बाब आहे. कारण Trade is as old as human society because

Trade stems from the natural division of labor and differences in resource endowments across regions, making it a fundamental human activity since ancient times.

एल.पी.जी. चा अन्वयार्थ काय ? LPG stands for

In the context of India's 1991 economic reforms, LPG stands for Liberalisation, Privatisation, and Globalisation.

खालीलपैकी कोणते काम सुतीकापडाच्या गिरण्यांमध्ये समाविष्ट होत नाही? Which of the following activities is not included in cotton textile mills ?

Ginning (सरकी काढणे) is the process of separating cotton fibers from cotton seeds, which takes place prior to spinning and is classified as a primary processing agricultural activity rather than a part of cotton textile mills manufacturing.

1991 च्या आर्थिक अरिष्टाची कोणती लक्षणे होती ? Economic crisis of 1991 was characterised by

The 1991 economic crisis was triggered by severely depleted foreign exchange reserves, high fiscal deficit, and emergency measures like selling gold reserves. Rolling over of foreign debt by international creditors was a containment measure or part of the IMF negotiation context rather than a direct structural symptom of the crisis itself in standard textbook phrasing, or specifically points to a, c, and d.

पुढील दोन विधानांपैकी कोणते योग्य आहे ? Which of the following two statements is/are correct ?

Special Economic Zones (SEZs) offer tax and infrastructure incentives to promote exports, and they often relax or provide special dispensations regarding labor laws to attract investments.

मुगा रेशिमच्या उत्पादनात मक्तेदारी आहे त्याचे उत्पादन ______ राज्यांत होते. India has monopoly in the production of Muga Silk. It is produced in the states of

India holds a global monopoly in the production of golden Muga silk, which is exclusively produced in the northeastern state of Assam.

खालीलपैकी कोणत्या एका राज्याने भारतात सर्वप्रथम "सेज" विषयक धोरण रद्द केले ? / Which one of the following states, is the first to scrap the "SEZ" policy in India ?

Goa was famously one of the first states in India to scrap its Special Economic Zone (SEZ) policy due to widespread local protests over land acquisition and environmental concerns.