Biodiversity & Conservation — MPSC PYQ

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या उताऱ्यानुसार कोणत्या कालखंडात सजीव प्राणी हळूहळू जमीनीवर आले ? According to this passage in which period the living things gradually came to land ?

The passage says living things first grew in the sea and that 'in the Cretaceous period, living things gradually came to land' as their body structure became complex. The question asks what the passage says, so the answer is the Cretaceous period.

या उताऱ्यावरून निसर्गात कोणते तत्व पाळलेले दिसून येते ? / What principal is found in this passage ?

The principle of 'Live and let live' (जगा आणि जगू द्या) represents environmental harmony and coexistence found in nature.

योग्य जोड्या लावा. जीवावरण राखीव क्षेत्र स्थापना वर्ष अ. निलगिरी I. 2011 ब. सुंदरबन II. 2008 क. कच्छ III. 1989 ड. पन्ना IV. 1986

Matching the biosphere reserves with their establishment years: Nilgiri (1986), Sunderbans (1989), Kutch (2008), Panna (2011), resulting in the sequence IV, III, II, I.

भारतातील सरपटणारे प्राणी आणि उभयचर प्राण्यांच्या अत्यंत धोक्यात असलेल्या प्रजाती म्हणून खालीलपैकी कोणता प्राणी घोषित केलेला नाही ? (1) घारियल (2) बंगल फ्लोरिकन (3) फोर-टोड रिव्हर टेरापीन (4) लेदरबॅक कासवे Which of the following animal is not declared as a critically endangered species of reptile and amphibian of India ? (1) Gharial (2) Bengal Florican (3) Four-toed River Terrapin (4) Leatherback turtles

Bengal Florican is a bird species (bustard), not a reptile or amphibian, making it the correct answer as it is not declared under critically endangered reptiles and amphibians.

जीवशास्त्रज्ञांनी जैवविविधतेला धोका निर्माण करणाऱ्या घटकाबाबत पुढीलपैकी कोणता संक्षिप्त शब्द प्रयोग केला ? / Which of the following acronyms has been used by Biologists to describe the factors that threaten to biodiversity ?

Biologists use the acronym HIPPO to describe the five major factors threatening biodiversity: Habitat destruction, Invasive species, Pollution, Population growth, and Overharvesting.

खालील विधानांचा विचार करा. / Consider the following statements. (a) निम्न अक्षवृत्ताच्या मानाने उच्च अक्षवृत्तामध्ये सर्वसाधारणपणे मोठ्या प्रमाणात जैवविविधता असते. (b) पर्वतीय उतारावर उच्च उंचीपेक्षा निम्न उंचीवर सर्वसाधारणपणे जैवविविधता मोठ्या प्रमाणात असते. वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? / Which of the above statement/statements is/are correct ?

Biodiversity is generally highest in low latitudes (tropics) rather than high latitudes, making statement (a) incorrect. Conversely, biodiversity decreases with increasing altitude on mountain slopes, meaning lower altitudes have greater biodiversity than higher altitudes, making statement (b) correct.

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प्रस्तुत उताऱ्यावरून खालीलपैकी कोणते निष्कर्ष काढता येतात ?

Based on passages concerning environmental history and forestry, conservation and utilization are interdependent, colonial policies destroyed forests, and specific exotic trees like eucalyptus/deodar have plantation limitations, while statement (d) is factually incorrect as market demand heavily impacts forests.

राखीव जीवावरण/जीवनमंडळ हे ____________ नुसार सीमांकित करतात. Biosphere reserves are demarcated into ____________.

Biosphere reserves are legally demarcated into three interlinked zones: Core zone (strictly protected), Buffer zone (uses and research), and Transition zone (cooperative management).

भारतात खालीलपैकी कोणता हॉट-स्पॉट प्रदेश जैवविविधतेला आपत्ती चिन्ह असल्याच्या संदर्भात धोका असलेला आहे ? (1) उत्तरपश्चिम भारत (2) दख्खनचे पठार (3) उत्तरपूर्व भारत (4) पश्चिम भारत In India, which of the following has become a hot-spot with reference to threats to biodiversity ?

North-East India along with the Western Ghats is globally recognized as a major biodiversity hotspot facing severe threats due to human activities, shifting cultivation, and developmental projects.

खालीलपैकी प्रवाळ रांगांची वैशिष्ट्ये कोणती ? (a) हा पृथ्वीवरील सर्वात प्राचीन सजीव समुह आहे. (b) हे अती जैवंधन (Biomass) उत्पादक आहेत. (c) ही वनस्पती व प्राणीजन्य श्रीमंत विविधता आहे. (d) हे पाण्याखालील उष्णकटीबंधीय परिस्थितीतंत्र आहे. वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहेत ?

Coral reefs are among the oldest living communities, have very high biomass productivity, exhibit rich biodiversity, and are considered underwater tropical ecosystems.

अल्फा, बिटा व गामा विविधता (Alpha, Beta and Gamma) म्हणजे काय ? (a) सजीवांची श्रीमंती (b) सिम्पसन विविधता सुची (c) जैवविविधता मोजण्याचे भौगोलिक प्रमाण (d) व्हीटाकेर (Whittaker) (1972) यांनी सुचविलेले शब्दार्थ वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहेत ?

Alpha, beta, and gamma diversities are geographical measures of biodiversity suggested by Whittaker in 1972.

जोड्या जुळवा : राज्य अभयारण्य (a) आंध्र प्रदेश (i) राधानगरी (b) महाराष्ट्र (ii) भगवान महावीर (c) पश्चिम बंगाल (iii) पुलिकत (d) गोवा (iv) जलदपारा (Match the following : State Name of Sanctuaries (a) Andhra Pradesh (i) Radhanagari (b) Maharashtra (ii) Bhagwan Mahavir (c) West Bengal (iii) Pulicat (d) Goa (iv) Jaldapara Answer Options :)

Radhanagari is in Maharashtra, Bhagwan Mahavir is in Goa, Jaldapara is in West Bengal, and Pulicat is in Andhra Pradesh.

जोड्या जुळवा : राष्ट्रीय उद्याने/अभयारण्य राज्य (a) बंदीपूर (i) राजस्थान (b) केओलादेव (ii) आसाम (c) इंद्रावती (iii) कर्नाटक (d) मानसव (iv) छत्तीसगढ Match the following : National Park/Sanctuary State (a) Bandipur (i) Rajasthan (b) Keoladeo (ii) Assam (c) Indravati (iii) Karnataka (d) Manas (iv) Chattisgarh

Bandipur is in Karnataka, Keoladeo is in Rajasthan, Indravati is in Chattisgarh, and Manas is in Assam. Matching these correctly gives option 4.

जोड्या लावा : स्तंभ - I (प्रजाती) (a) भारतीय गंडा (b) आशियातील हत्ती (c) वाळवंटातील कोल्हा (d) गुलाबी डोके असलेले बदक स्तंभ - II (प्रकार) (i) विरळ/कविचित (ii) धोकादायक असलेल्या (iii) लुप्त/नष्ट होणाऱ्या (iv) संवेदनशील Match the following : Column - I (Species) (a) Indian Rhino (b) Asiatic Elephant (c) Desert Fox (d) Pink Head Duck Column - II (Type) (i) Rare (ii) Endangered (iii) Extinct (iv) Vulnerable

Indian Rhino is Endangered (ii), Asiatic Elephant is Vulnerable (iv), Desert Fox is Rare/Uncommon (i), and Pink Headed Duck is Extinct (iii). Matching these gives option 2.

खालीलपैकी कोणत्या प्राण्यांच्या जाती 1952 च्या फार पूर्वी नष्ट होणाऱ्या आहेत असे जाहीर करण्यात आले ? / Which of the following species was declared extinct in India long back 1952 ?

The Indian Cheetah was officially declared extinct in India in 1952, making it a landmark historical date for wildlife conservation in the country.

वस्तीस्थान नष्ट होणे खालीलपैकी कोणत्या उपक्रमामुळे होऊ शकते ? Habitat destruction can happen due to which of the following activity ?

Habitat destruction is caused by human activities such as deforestation, reclamation of marshlands, and changes in land use patterns. Subsistence farming alone on a small scale is less impactful compared to large-scale commercial or developmental land conversions, though options a, b, and c directly lead to massive habitat loss.

जोड्या लावा : स्तंभ - I ( प्राणी जाती ) (a) किटक (b) सर्प (c) बेडूक (d) गांडूळ स्तंभ - II ( महत्व ) (i) किटकांना खातो (ii) पीक परागण वाहक (iii) जमिनीची सुपीकता (iv) उंदरांपासून संरक्षण Match the following : Column-I (Valuable Fauna) (a) Insects (b) Snakes (c) Frogs (d) Earthworms Column-II (Importance) (i) Consume insects (ii) Crops-pollinators (iii) Soil fertility (iv) Protect damage from Rodents

Matching valuable fauna and their importance: Insects act as crop-pollinators (ii), Snakes protect from rodents (iv), Frogs consume insects (i), and Earthworms enhance soil fertility (iii).

नुक्ताच 'बॅनिहेड शार्क' (Bonnethead Shark) मासा बातम्यांमध्ये होता, त्यासंबंधी खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : अ. तो प्रामुख्याने समुद्र गवत (sea grass) खातो. ब. तो प्रामुख्याने हिंदी महासागर आणि अरबी समुद्रात आढळतो. खाली दिलेल्या पर्यायांतून योग्य विधान/ने निवडा : Recently 'Bonnethead Shark' was in the news. Consider the following statements regarding this : a. It mainly eats the sea grass. b. It is mainly found in Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea. Choose the correct statement/s from the codes given below :

The bonnethead shark is known as the first omnivorous shark species because it primarily eats seagrass alongside small crustaceans, making statement 'a' correct. Statement 'b' is incorrect as they are mainly found in coastal waters of the Americas, not the Indian Ocean/Arabian Sea.

1992 ला रिओ दि जानरिओ येथे आयोजित परिषदेतील जैवविभिउते संबंधीचा करार खालीलपैकी कोणत्या तारखेनी अमलात आला ?

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), agreed upon at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, officially entered into force on 29 December 1993.

खालीलपैकी कोणत्या पर्वत रांगा जगातील एक प्रमुख जैवविशिष्टेचे संवेदनशील क्षेत्र आहे ? Which of the following mountains are considered as one of the top biodiversity hot spots ?

The Western Ghats and the Himalayas are among the globally recognized biodiversity hotspots located in India, known for high levels of endemism and threat levels.

पुढील प्रकल्प ज्या क्रमाने सुरू करण्यात आले तो क्रम सांगा : अ. सिंह प्रकल्प ब. व्याघ्र प्रकल्प k. मगरमच्छ पैदास प्रकल्प ड. गेंडा संवर्धन प्रकल्प Arrange the following projects in the order in which they were launched : a. Lion Project b. Tiger Project c. Crocodile Breeding Project d. Rhino Conservation Project

Project Tiger was launched in 1973, Lion Project in 1972, Crocodile Breeding in 1975, and Rhino Conservation later. Chronological order matches the correct option sequence.

खालीलपैकी कोणत्या राज्याने 'भारतीय हत्ती' हा आपला 'राज्य प्राणी' म्हणून घोषित केलेला नाही ? / Which of the following States has not declared the 'Indian Elephant' as its 'State Animal'?

States like Jharkhand, Karnataka, and Kerala have declared the Indian Elephant as their state animal. States that have not declared it are usually tested to check factual awareness of state symbols.

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पुढील दोन विधानांपैकी कोणते योग्य आहे ? Which of the following two statements is correct ?

Statement (a) is correct because equatorial regions boast high biodiversity and abundance of life forms due to favorable climate. Statement (b) is false as monitoring of biological resources is indeed conducted through various bodies.

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पुढील दोन विधानांचा विचार करा. Consider the following two statements :

Statement (a) is correct as profit maximization is a core goal for commercial farming and private entities. Statement (b) is incorrect because historically wild crops have contributed to breeding, but the phrasing or premise in standard texts regarding absolute regularity or specific context makes it false here.

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आपण जनुकीय विविधतेचा इतिहास पाहिला तर शेतकऱ्यांचा : वरील कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? If we see the history of the genetic diversity the farmers. Which of the above statements are correct ?

Comprehensive analysis of genetic diversity history shows that farmers face multiple pressures including performance shifts, uniform planting challenges, market-driven tendencies, and high costs despite initial benefits.

भारतातील काही प्रजाती पुढीलप्रमाणे : (a) वाघ (b) भारतीय चित्ता (c) सॅलमेंडर (d) गीब्बन (e) माळढोक (f) दोनशिंगी गेंडा वरीलपैकी कोणती/कोणत्या प्रजाती नष्ट झाली/झाल्या आहे/आहेत ? Some of the species from India are as follows : (a) Tiger (b) Indian cheetah (c) Salemender (d) Gibbon (e) Great Indian Bustard (f) Two horned Rhinoceros Which is/are the extinct species from India ?

The Indian Cheetah and the Two-horned Rhinoceros (Sumatran rhinoceros) are officially declared extinct from the wild in India.

जैविकविधेतेच्या ह्रासासंबंधी घटक : (a) भू वापरातील बदलामुळे होणारा वस्तीस्थानांचा ह्रास. (b) प्रदूषणामुळे होणारा वस्तीस्थानांचा ह्रास. (c) शिकार करणे. (d) रोग व साथीचे रोग पसरणे. (e) प्रजातीचा अति उपसा. वरीलपैकी कोण/कोणते घटक पाणी हे वस्तीस्थान असणाऱ्या ठिकाणची जैवविविधता कमी होण्यास मोठ्या प्रमाणात कारणीभूत ठरतो/ठरतात. Aspects related to the loss of biodiversity : (a) Habitat loss due to change in land use. (b) Habitat loss due to pollution. (c) Predation. (d) Outbreak of diseases and epidemics. (e) Excessive exploitation of species. Which of the above is/are the major causative factor(s) for decreasing biodiversity from aquatic habitat ?

In aquatic ecosystems, pollution (b) alters water quality and destroys habitats, while excessive exploitation (e) like overfishing directly depletes species populations.