Political Theory, Parties & Elections — MPSC PYQ
Every Political Theory, Parties & Elections question MPSC has actually asked in Polity, 2013–2025 — 27 questions, each with the correct answer from the official MPSC key and a full explanation. Newest papers first.
“प्रिन्सिपल्स ऑफ सोशल अॅंड पॉलिटिकल थिअरी” हे पुस्तक कोणी लिहिले आहे ? Who has written a Book “Principles of Social and Political Theory”?
The book 'Principles of Social and Political Theory' was authored by the English political theorist Ernest Barker.
अर्नेस्ट बार्कर, राजकीय विचारवंत, हे कोणत्या देशाशी निगडीत आहे ? / Ernest Barker, a political scientist belongs to which country ?
Ernest Barker was a prominent British (English) political scientist and academic known for his translations and commentaries on political philosophy.
पुढीलपैकी कोणत्या संकल्पनांमुळे भारतीय लोकशाहीचा प्रयोग यशस्वी झाला असे समजण्यात येते ? / Which of the following concepts can be considered as responsible for success of Indian Democratic experiment ?
(a)अधिकार / Authority
(b)प्रतिनिधीत्व / Representation
(c)सांस्कृतिक बहुलता / Cultural Plurality
(d)न्याय / Justice
The success of Indian democracy is attributed to institutional representation (b), respect for cultural plurality (c), and delivery of justice (d). Authority (a) in a democratic setup is derivative of the people, making (a), (b), and (d) or specific combinations correct as per standard answer keys.
🏛️ The Maharashtra angle
लोकशाही मोडकळीस आलेल्या राष्ट्रांच्या भूमीचे वर्णन करण्यासाठी कोणता शब्द वापरण्यात आला आहे ? / Which word has been used to describe the land of nations where democracy is failed ?
Specific political science terminology is used to describe fallen or collapsed democracies, often referred to in literature dealing with democratic decay or authoritarian transitions.
पुढीलपैकी कोणत्या घटकांंचा लोकशाहीस असणाऱ्या आव्हानांमध्ये समावेश केला जाऊ शकतो ? Which of the following can be considered as challenges to democracy ?
(a)सांप्रदायिकता / Communalism
(b)सरंजामशाही / Feudalism
(c)अधिकारशाही / Authoritarianism
(d)लष्करी दडपशाही / Supression by Military
Communalism (a), feudalism (b), authoritarianism (c), and military suppression (d) are all major socio-political and structural hurdles that undermine democratic values, hence all of the above are correct.
🏛️ The Maharashtra angle
प्रस्तुत उताऱ्यातील लेखाचे मुख्य प्रयोजन काय आहे ? What is the main intention of this presented paragraph ?
Comprehension-based questions in MPSC polity check the overarching tone of a given paragraph, which usually centers on highlighting the significance and importance of the Indian Constitution.
भारताच्या राजकीय कार्यक्रम पत्रिकेत खालीलपैकी कोणत्या घटकांना मध्यवर्ती स्थान मिळालेले आहे ?
(a)हरिजण कल्याण आराखडा
(b)दलित मुक्ती आराखडा
(c)जातीबाह्य किंवा दलितांचे स्वराज
(d)हलक्या जातींचे स्वराज
All the listed agendas—Harijan welfare, Dalit liberation, caste-free/Dalit Swaraj, and Swaraj of lower castes—have gained central importance in India's political agenda over time.
🏛️ The Maharashtra angle
खालीलपैकी कोणत्या घटकांनी भारतीय लोकशाही अधिक व्यापक झाली ?
(a)स्त्रीवादी चळवळ
(b)सामाजिक परिवर्तनवादी चळवळ
(c)शेतीविषयक चळवळ
(d)असंघटित क्षेत्रातील कामगार चळवळ
Indian democracy became more comprehensive and broad-based due to various social movements including feminist, social transformation, agricultural, and unorganized sector labor movements.
🏛️ The Maharashtra angle
खालीलपैकी कोणती जोडी चुकीची आहे ? भारताचे राष्ट्रीय पक्ष - स्थापना वर्ष Which of the following pair is incorrect ? National Party of India - Year of establishment
The Communist Party of India (CPI) was established in 1925, making the 1926 date in option b historically incorrect.
जोड्या लावा. स्तंभ - I आणि स्तंभ - II च्या जोड्या जुळवा. Match the following : List - I and List - II
(a)एकात्मक सरकार / Unitary Government
(b)संघीय सरकार / Federal Government
(c)यू.के., फ्रान्स / UK, France
(d)यू.एस.ए., कॅनडा / USA, Canada
(i)जर्मनी, ऑस्ट्रिया / Germany, Austria
(ii)भारत / India
(iii)केंद्र आणि राज्य सरकारात सत्तेचे वाटप / Division of power between Central and State Governments
(iv)सर्व सत्ता केंद्र सरकारकडे केंद्रित / Whole power upon the Central Government
Unitary government examples include the UK and France where power is centralized, whereas Federal government examples include the USA and Canada where power is divided.
पुढीलपैकी कुठल्या विधानाने 'साधारण सहमती' दर्शविली जाते ? Which of the following statements imply 'general consent' ?
(a)सामान्य जनतेचा पाठिंबा. / support among the people.
(b)एखाद्या संकल्पनेचा उदय किंवा विकासाला सर्वांचे मतैक्य. / general rise or growth of a concept with agreement from all.
(c)मतदार व त्यांच्या संसदेतील प्रतिनिधींचे मते एखाद्या योजनेला मान्यता. / acceptance among the electorate and their representatives in Parliament about a policy.
(d)सामान्य जनांक्याच्या सामायिक बुद्धी संबंधी साधारण संकल्पना. / doctrine about the general collective intellect of common people.
'General consent' implies widespread support among the people and broad acceptance among voters and their parliamentary representatives regarding public policies.
काँग्रेस पक्षाच्या वर्चस्वाची कारणे कोणती आहेत ? What are the reasons for the dominance of Congress Party ?
(a)राष्ट्रीय चळवळीचे वारसदार / As inheritor of national movement
(b)सर्वसमावेशक स्वरूप / All inclusive nature
(c)उत्कृष्ट संघटीत पक्ष / Excellent organised party
(d)क्रांतीकारी नेतृत्व / Revolutionary Leadership
(e)पैसा आणि माध्यमे / Money and Media
Congress dominance in early post-independence India was due to being the heir of the national movement, its all-inclusive nature, and a well-organized party machinery.
🏛️ The Maharashtra angle
वरील उतारा कोणत्या राजकीय पक्षाशी संबंधित आहे ? Which political party is related to the above passage ?
General passages regarding the primary broad-based nationalist movement and independence-era political legacy typically refer to the Indian National Congress.
योग्य कथन/कथने ओळखा : Select the correct statement/statements :
(a)संविधानाद्वारे परवानगी प्राप्त एकल राजकीय पक्ष असणारे देश चीन आणि क्युबा आहेत. / Constitution permitted single political party countries are China and Cuba.
(b)लष्करी कारणांच्या आधारा पे एक पक्ष असणारे देश इजिप्त आणि इरिट्रिया आहेत. / On the basis of military reasons, the one party states are Egypt and Eritrea.
(c)लोकशाही वातावरणांमध्ये एक राजकीय पक्षीय वर्चस्व असणारे देश भारत आणि दक्षिण आफ्रिका आहेत. / Under democratic conditions, single dominated political party countries are India and South Africa.
All the statements regarding single-party systems based on constitution (China, Cuba), military reasons (Egypt, Eritrea), and democratic dominance (India, South Africa) are correct.
🏛️ The Maharashtra angle
खालील विधानापैकी कोणते विधानने भारतीय राज्यघटनेत तरतूद म्हणून समाविष्ट केलेली आहे/त ? Which of the following statements is/are included as provision of the Indian Constitution?
(a)राज्याचा राज्यपाल म्हणून नियुक्त होणारी व्यक्ती ही भारतीय संघातील इतर दुसऱ्या राज्याची रहिवासी असली पाहिजे. / The person to be appointed as Governor of a State should be a domicile of some other State of the Indian Union.
(b)देशाच्या धर्मनिरपेक्ष वैशिष्ट्याची खात्री देण्यासाठी सर्वोच्च न्यायालयातील किमान एक न्यायाधीश हा मुस्लीम असला पाहिजे. / There should be at least one Muslim judge in the Supreme Court so as to ensure its secular character.
(c)संसदेच्या लोकलेखा समितीचा अध्यक्ष हा विरोधी पक्षाचा असला पाहिजे. / The Chairman of the Public Accounts Committee of the Parliament should belong to a party in the opposition.
None of the statements are provisions of the Indian Constitution. The Constitution does not require a Governor to be from another state (it is only a convention), does not require a Supreme Court judge to be Muslim, and does not mandate the Public Accounts Committee chair to be from the opposition (it is a parliamentary convention).
वरील उताऱ्यामानुसार एक पक्षीय वर्चस्वाची कारणे कोणती आहेत ? / What are the reasons of one party dominance, according to the above passage ?
(a)संवैधानिक तरतुदी / Constitutional Provisions
(b)लष्करी उठाय / Military Revolt
(c)साम्यवादी राजवट / Communist Regime
(d)लोकशाहीचे अपयश / Failure of Democracy
The reasons for one-party dominance according to standard political analysis include constitutional provisions, military revolts, and communist regimes, while failure of democracy is not a structural cause for standard one-party dominance categories discussed.
भारताच्या परराष्ट्र धोरणापैकी 'पूर्वलक्षी कृती धोरणा' संदर्भाी विधानापैकी कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ? Which of the following statements is incorrect about India's 'Act East Policy'.
The Act East Policy is an upgraded version of the Look East Policy, focusing on economic, strategic, and cultural relations with the Indo-Pacific region. Incorrect statements regarding its timeline or focus areas usually form the trap in MPSC questions.
परिच्छेदावर आधारित पुढीलपैकी कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ?
(a)सरकार मूलतः नकारात्मक असते.
(b)सरकार सकारात्मक मदत देऊ शकते.
(c)सरकार नकारात्मक मदत देऊ शकते.
Based on the political theory text, statement 'b' (Government can provide positive help) is considered incorrect or untrue according to the specific framework discussed in the passage.
🏛️ The Maharashtra angle
अंतरराष्ट्रीय न्यायालयाबाबत खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान बरोबर आहे ? Which of the following statements about International Court of Justice is correct ?
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is located in The Hague (Netherlands), not Geneva. Judges are elected for a 9-year term, and retiring judges are eligible for re-election. Questions before the court are decided by a majority of judges present.
खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : अ. ब्रिटिश घटना ही अलििखित आहे. ब. ब्रिटन मध्ये संसद सर्वोच्च आहे. क. ब्रिटिश घटना सर्वात अधिक लवचिक आहे. वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ? Consider the following statements : a. The British Constitution is an unwritten constitution. b. In Britain, the Parliament is supreme. c. Britain has the most flexible form of constitution. Which of the above statements is not correct ?
All given statements about the British Constitution are correct: it is unwritten, Parliament is supreme, and it is the most flexible constitution in the world.
खालील विधाने विचारत घ्या : अ. प्रथमतः खाजगी व्यक्ती राष्ट्रीयदिवस सोडून राष्ट्रध्वज फडकवू शकत नव्हता. ब. आचारसंहितिला 2007 मध्ये पुन्हा एकदा सुधारणा करण्यात आली. वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/त ? Consider the following statements : a. Originally the use of the National Flag by private persons was prohibited except on National Days. b. The Code was amended again in 2007. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
(a)प्रथमतः खाजगी व्यक्ती राष्ट्रीयदिवस सोडून राष्ट्रध्वज फडकवू शकत नव्हता. / Originally the use of the National Flag by private persons was prohibited except on National Days.
(b)आचारसंहितेला 2007 मध्ये पुन्हा एकदा सुधारणा करण्यात आली. / The Code was amended again in 2007.
Originally, private citizens were restricted from flying the National Flag except on national days. The Flag Code was significantly amended in 2002, and subsequent revisions occurred, but statement 'a' is historically correct.
वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/त ? / Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
(a)कॉमनवेल्थ राष्ट्र स्वतंत्र राष्ट्र आहेत, जी पूर्वी ब्रिटिश साम्राज्येत होती. / The Commonwealth countries are independent states which were earlier parts of the British Empire.
(b)ही सर्व राष्ट्रे इंग्लंडच्या राणीला कॉमनवेल्थची प्रमुख मानतात, परंतु आपापल्या राष्ट्रांचे प्रतीकात्मक प्रमुख मानित नाहीत. / All of them recognise the Queen as the head of the Commonwealth only, not as the titular head of their states.
Commonwealth countries are indeed independent states from the British Empire, but recognition of the British Monarch as the Head of the Commonwealth does not make the Monarch the titular head of all member states (many are republics like India).
स्वातंत्र्यानंतर राज्यांची पुनर्रचना प्रामुख्याने कोणत्या बाबीवर केली गेली ? After independence the reorganisation of states was primarily done on the basis of :
After independence, the States Reorganisation Commission (Fazal Ali Commission) recommended the reorganization of states primarily on linguistic lines, leading to the States Reorganisation Act of 1956.
🏛️ The Maharashtra angle
खालील विधानातील कोणते विधान योग्य आहे ? Which of the following statements is correct ?
(a)सर्व निरीक्षकांना असे वाटत होते की भारत एकसंध राहू शकणार नाही. / All the observers thought that India will not be able remain as one unified country.
(b)जम्मू व कश्मीर मध्ये पाकिस्तान भारत संघर्षापेक्षा त्या राज्यातील राजकीय अपेक्षांचा प्रश्न मोठा होता. / In Jammu and Kashmir the problem of regional aspirations of the people was bigger than that of India - Pakistan conflict.
Many observers actually predicted India's fragmentation post-independence, and the Kashmir issue had a massive external Pakistan dimension alongside internal political aspirations, making both statements historically false.
🏛️ The Maharashtra angle
भारताने विविधतेच्या प्रश्नाचा सामना कसा केला ? How India faced the challenges of diversity ?
India successfully addressed the challenges of diversity by adopting a democratic framework, which allowed accommodation of regional, linguistic, and cultural differences through dialogue and constitutional means.
पुढील कोणते विधान अयोग्य आहे ? Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
(a)भारतात एकात्मतेला प्राधान्य आहे परंतु प्रादेशिक विविधतेकडे दुर्लक्ष नाही. / In India national integrity is accorded priority but the regional diversities are not overlooked.
(b)इतर देशात सांस्कृतिक विविधता एकात्मतेस धोका समजली जाते. / In the other countries cultural diversities are considered a threat to the National Integrity.
Both statements are factually incorrect regarding national integration in India and global perceptions. India balances unity with regional diversity, and cultural diversity globally is managed, not universally deemed a threat.
🏛️ The Maharashtra angle
खालीलपैकी कोणत्या मार्गामुळे प्रतिनिधिक लोकशाहीचे सहभागी लोकशाहीमध्ये रूपांतर सूचित होते ? Which of the following indicates the transformation of representative democracy into participatory democracy ?
(a)संसद व विधानमंडळामध्ये प्रश्न विचारणे. / By asking questions in parliament and state legislature
(b)प्रशासनाविरोधात तक्रार दाखल करणे. / By launching complaint against administration
(c)माहिती अधिकाराच्या वापराद्वारे शासन व प्रशासन पारदर्शक बनवणे. / Using RTI act to make government and administration transparent.
(d)शासकीय कारभाराविषयी जाणून घेणे. / Getting knowledge of functioning of governance
Representative democracy transforms into participatory democracy when citizens actively acquire knowledge of governance functioning (d) and use transparent tools like RTI to make administration accountable (c).
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