Judiciary & Tribunals — MPSC PYQ

स्वातंत्र्यानंतरचा पहिला लोक अदालत कॅम्प 1982 साली कोणत्या राज्यात भरविण्यात आला होता ? / The First Lok Adalat Camp after Independence was held in which State in 1982 ?

The first Lok Adalat camp after independence was organized in Gujarat in March 1982 to provide alternative dispute resolution.

भारताचे मुख्य न्यायाधीश भूषण गवई यांच्या बाबत काय खरे नाही ? Chief Justice of India, Bhushan Gawai which is not true about him ?

Justice Bhushan Gavai was appointed as a Supreme Court judge in May 2019. Statement 3 is incorrect because he served as a judge of the Bombay High Court and was appointed as Government Pleader earlier, but the specific detailed date or designation context in statement 3 contains incorrect official facts compared to his actual judicial career milestones.

'केशवानंद भारती' खटल्याबाबत खालील विधने विचारात घ्या : (A) सदरहू खटला हा भारताचे सरन्यायाधीश ओ.एन्. रे यांच्या नेतृत्वाखाली 13 न्यायमूर्तीच्या घटनापीठापुढे चालला. (B) सात विरुद्ध सहा न्यायमूर्तीच्या बहुमताने घटनापीठाने मूलभूत संरचना सिद्धांताची (Basic Structure Doctrine) रूपरेषा दिली. (C) या खटल्याने 'गोलखनाथ' प्रकरणातील निर्णय बदलला गेला. (D) सदरहू खटला हा न्यायालयीन सक्रियतेचे उदाहरण म्हणावे लागेल. वरीलपैकी कोणती विधाने बिनचूक आहे/त ?

The landmark Kesavananda Bharati case (1973) was heard by a 13-judge bench, propounded the Basic Structure Doctrine, and overturned the Golaknath case ruling while exemplifying judicial review and activism.

कोणते कलम उच्च न्यायालयांना मूलभूत अधिकारांच्या अंमलबजावणीसाठी निर्देश जारी करण्याचा अधिकार देते ? Which article empowers the High Courts to issue directions for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights ?

Article 226 of the Constitution empowers High Courts to issue writs (habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo-warranto, certiorari) for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights and for any other purpose.

भारताचे राष्ट्रपती राज्यघटनेच्या कोणत्या अनुच्छेदातील तरतुदीनुसार सर्वोच्च न्यायालयाकडून सल्ला मागवू शकतात ? According to the provision of which Article of the Constitution can the President of India ask for advice from the Supreme Court ?

Article 143 of the Indian Constitution empowers the President to consult the Supreme Court on questions of law or fact of public importance.

भारतीय दंड संहितेच्या कलम 377 मध्ये पुढील कोणत्या विषयाचा उल्लेख आहे ?

Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) historically criminalized consensual homosexual acts before it was read down by the Supreme Court in 2018.

जिल्हा न्यायाधीशांच्या बाबतीत खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : (a) जिल्हा न्यायाधीशांची नियुक्ती उच्च न्यायालयाच्या मुख्य न्यायाधीशांकडून केली जाते. (b) जिल्हा न्यायाधीशांची बदली करण्याचा अधिकार मुख्यमंत्र्यांना आहे. वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/त? / Consider the following statements regarding District Judges : (a) The appointment of District Judge is made by Chief Justice of High Court. (b) The Chief Minister has the authority to transfer the District Judge. Which of the statement/s given above is/are correct?

District Judges are appointed by the Governor of the state in consultation with the High Court (Statement a is wrong). The power to transfer District Judges also rests with the Governor in consultation with the High Court, not the Chief Minister (Statement b is wrong).

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दिलेल्या परिच्छेदाच्या अनुषंगाने पुढील विधानांपैकी कोणते विधान/विषाने बरोबर आहे/त? / Among the following statement/s in relation to the paragraph given, is/are correct.

Under the Indian Penal Code, mere verbal threats like 'I will give you a beating' do not amount to 'assault' unless accompanied by preparation or gesture causing apprehension of criminal force. However, pulling a woman's veil intentionally without consent to frighten or annoy her constitutes the use of 'criminal force'.

"य" स्नान करीत आहे, "अ", "य" च्या संमतीशिवाय आघोळीच्या पाण्यामध्ये उकळते पाणी, ते उकळते आहे हे माहित नसूनही ओततो, त्यामागे त्याचा वाईट हेतू आहे तर "अ" ची ही कृती _________ आहे. / "Y" is bathing. "A" without the consent of "Y" pours into the bath water which he knows to be boiling with ill intention, "A" has committed _________.

Under IPC, when someone intentionally uses force or applies anything to another person's body without their consent, knowing it is likely to cause injury, fear, or annoyance, it amounts to criminal force.

या परिस्थितीमुळे 'न्यायिक सक्रियतेला' चालना मिळते. The situations that leads to 'Judicial Activism' are :

Judicial activism is triggered when legislatures fail in duties (a), during weak/hung governments (b), when fundamental rights fail protection (c), or due to executive overreach/misuse, making all options valid causes.

उच्च न्यायालयाचा न्यायाधीश म्हणून नेमणूक करण्याबाबत खालीलपैकी कोणता निकष चुकीचा आहे? / Which of the following has been wrongly listed as criteria for appointment as a judge of the High Court ?

Criteria for High Court judge appointment include being a citizen of India, holding a judicial office for 10 years, or being an advocate of a High Court for 10 years. Minimum age criteria is NOT prescribed in the Constitution for High Court judges.

भारतात न्यायालयीन पुनर्विलोखन सुचवते. In India, Judicial Review implies

Judicial review in India implies the power of the judiciary to examine the constitutionality of legislative enactments and executive orders of both the Central and State governments.

लोक न्यायालयाबाबत खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान बरोबर नाही ? Which one of the following statements about 'Lok Adalat' is incorrect ?

Lok Adalats can include social workers, lawyers, and judicial officers, not *only* serving or retired judicial officers. Thus, statement 2 is incorrect.

'न्यायालयीन पुनर्विलोकना' बाबत खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान बरोबर नाही ? (1) भारतीय राज्यघटनेने न्यायालयीन पुनर्विलोकन पद्धतीचे स्पष्ट वर्णन केलेले नाही. (2) भारतात न्यायालयीन पुनर्विलोकन हे 'कायद्याने घालून दिलेल्या पद्धती' या तत्त्वाद्वारे संचालित आहे. (3) न्यायालयीन पुनर्विलोकन हे राज्यघटनेच्या 9 व्या परिशिष्टात समाविष्ट केलेल्या कायद्यांना लागू होऊ शकत नाही. (4) न्यायालयीन पुनर्विलोकनामुळे निर्माण झालेल्या अडथळ्यांना पार करण्यासाठी संसद कायदे आणि दुरुस्त्या मंजूर करू शकत नाही. Which one of the following statements about 'Judicial Review' is not correct ? (1) The Constitution of India does not clearly describe the system of Judicial Review. (2) Judicial Review in India is governed by the principle 'procedure established by law'. (3) Judicial Review cannot be applied in respect of laws incorporated in the 9th Schedule of the Constitution. (4) The Parliament cannot pass laws and amendments for overriding the hurdles created by Judicial Review.

Statement 4 is incorrect because Parliament can and has passed constitutional amendments (like the 1st, 4th, etc.) and laws to overcome hurdles created by judicial rulings, subject to the Basic Structure Doctrine.

खालील विधाने विचारत घ्या : अ. ब्रिटनमध्ये विधिनियमात न्यायिक पुनर्विलोकनाची परवानगी नाही. ब. जेथे न्यायलयीन पुनर्विलोकनाबाबत कोणतीही मर्यादा नाही अशा अमेरिकेच्या न्यायसंस्थे इतकी भारतीय न्यायसंस्था श्रेष्ठ नाही. Consider the following statements : a. In Britain, no judicial review of legislation is permitted. b. Judiciary in India is not as supreme as in the United States of America which recognises no limit on the scope of judicial review.

In Britain, parliamentary sovereignty exists and judicial review of legislation is not permitted. In the US, judicial review has a very wide scope compared to India, where judicial review is limited by 'Procedure established by law' vs 'Due process'.

राज्य प्रशासकीय लवादाच्या अध्यक्षाची नेमणूक कोण करतात ? Who appoints the Chairman of the State Administrative Tribunal ?

Under Article 323B of the Constitution, the Chairman and members of the State Administrative Tribunal (SAT) are appointed by the Governor of the state after consultation with the President.

उच्च न्यायालयाच्या खालीलपैकी कोणत्या मुख्य अधिकार कक्षा आहेत?

High Courts in India possess original, appellate, and supervisory jurisdictions under Articles 226, 227, etc. Advisory jurisdiction is vested exclusively in the Supreme Court under Article 143.