MPSC Rajyaseva 2021 — GS Paper 1

1 मे 1960 रोजी 'मुंबईसह नवमहाराष्ट्र' निर्माण झाला त्यावेळी महाराष्ट्र राज्यात एकूण किती जिल्हे व तालुके होते ?

On May 1, 1960, when Maharashtra was formed, it had 26 districts and 229 talukas. Hence statements (d) and (a) are correct.

खालीलपैकी कोणते वाक्य बरोबर आहे ? पहिलं वाक्य : एम.एन. रॉय हे लिबरल पक्षाचे नेते होते. दुसरे वाक्य : एम.एन. रॉय हे रॅडिकल डेमोक्रॅटिक पक्षाचे नेते होते. Which of the following sentences is correct ? First sentence : M.N. Roy was the leader of the Liberal Party. Second sentence : M.N. Roy was the leader of the Radical Democratic Party.

M.N. Roy started his political career as a radical communist and later founded the Radical Democratic Party. He was never a leader of the Liberal Party.

इंडिपेंडेंस फॉर इंडिया लीगची स्थापना खालीलपैकी कोणी केली ? Who among the following founded the Independence for India League ?

The Independence for India League was established in 1928 by Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose to oppose dominion status and demand complete independence.

खालील समाज सुधारक व त्यांचे साहित्य यांच्या जोड्या लावा : (a) विठ्ठल रामजी शिंदे (i) इशारा (b) दादोबा पांडुरंग (ii) धर्मविभेचन (c) गोपाळ हरी देशमुख (iii) भारतीय अस्पृश्यतेचा प्रश्न (d) जोतीराव फुले (iv) जातीभेद Match the social reformers with their literature : (a) Vitthal Ramji Shinde (i) Ishara (b) Dadoba Pandurang (ii) Dharmavivechan (c) Gopal Hari Deshmukh (iii) Bhartiya Asprushatecha Prashna (d) Jyotirao Phule (iv) Jatibhed

Correct matching of reformers and their works: Vitthal Ramji Shinde - Bhartiya Asprushatecha Prashna, Dadoba Pandurang - Dharmavivechan, Gopal Hari Deshmukh - Jatibhed, Jyotirao Phule - Ishara.

जोड्या लावा : (a) डॉ. राधाकृष्णन आयोग (b) मुदलियार आयोग (c) एन.सी.ई.आर.टी. स्थापना (d) डॉ. कोठारी आयोग (i) 1949 (ii) 1952 (iii) 1961 (iv) 1964 Match the following : (a) Dr. Radhakrushanan Commission (b) Mudliyar Commission (c) N.C.E.R.T. establishment (d) Dr. Kothari Commission (i) 1949 (ii) 1952 (iii) 1961 (iv) 1964

Correct chronological matching of education commissions and bodies: Dr. Radhakrishnan Commission (University Education Commission) - 1948-49 (1949), Mudliyar Commission (Secondary Education Commission) - 1952, NCERT establishment - 1961, Dr. Kothari Commission - 1964.

जोड्या जुळवा : (a) विठ्ठल रामजी शिंदे (i) अध्यक्ष, 'वाळवे तालुका शेतकरी परिषद', बोरगाव (b) ख्वासाहेब पवार (ii) अध्यक्ष, 'मुंबई प्रांतिक ब्राह्मणतर पक्ष' चौथे अधिवेशन (c) दिनकरराव जवलकर (iii) साप्ताहिक 'तेज' (d) श्रीपतराव शिंदे (iv) विजयी मराठा Match the following : (a) Vitthal Ramji Shinde (i) President, 'Valve Taluka Shetkari Parishad' at Borgaon (b) Khasesaheb Pawar (ii) President, Fourth session of 'Mumbai Prantik Brahmanetar Party' (c) Dinkarrao Javalkar (iii) Weekly 'Tej' (d) Shripatrao Shinde (iv) Vijayi Maratha

Correct matches: Vitthal Ramji Shinde presided over Valve Taluka Shetkari Parishad; Khasesaheb Pawar presided over the 4th session of Mumbai Prantik Brahmanetar Party; Dinkarrao Javalkar edited weekly 'Tej'; Shripatrao Shinde founded/associated with 'Vijayi Maratha'.

जोड्या जुळवा / Match the following

Gulbadan Begam authored Humayun-nama, Salima Sultana wrote Persian poetry under 'Bega' pen name, Jahanara Begam authored Mu'nis al-Arwah, and Zeb-un-Nisa wrote Diwan-i-Makhfi.

खालीलपैकी विसंगत शीर्षक ओळखा. / Identify the odd title word.

This question asks to identify the odd title word from the given historical context in Maharashtra, which requires examining the specific publications or titles of historical movements.

न्या. रानड यांनी 'डेक्कन अॅग्रिकल्चरिस्ट रिलीफ अॅक्ट' या कायद्याचे स्वागत केले, कारण ______ (a) या कायद्याने सावकारापासून शेतकऱ्यांचे रक्षण होणार होते (b) या कायद्याने शेतकऱ्यांची कर्जाच्या भारापासून मुक्तता होणार होती वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहे/त ? Justice Ranade welcomed Deccan Agriculturist Relief Act, because ______ (a) This act would protect the farmers from the money lenders (b) By this act, the farmers would be relieved of the debt burden Which of the statement/statements given above is/are correct ?

Justice M.G. Ranade welcomed the Deccan Agriculturist Relief Act (1879) primarily because it aimed to protect indebted farmers from exploitation by moneylenders.

'स्वदेशी वस्तू प्रचारिणी सभा' या संस्थेच्या प्रमुखपदी खालीलपैकी कोण विराजमान होते ? Who among the following was head of the 'Swadeshi Vastu Pracharini Sabha' organization ?

The 'Swadeshi Vastu Pracharini Sabha' was an organization formed during the Swadeshi movement to promote indigenous goods, headed by prominent leaders.

महाराष्ट्रातून अंदमानात पाठविलेले कैदी आणि त्यांची राहण्याची ठिकाणे यांच्या जोड्या जुळवा. Match the following prisoners sent from Maharashtra to Andaman with their place of residence.

Freedom fighters from Maharashtra sent to Cellular Jail in Andaman were associated with specific native regions: Pandu Bhorji from Khandesh Yaval, Adhuria from Nagar, etc.

18 नोव्हेंबर, 1899 रोजी दिनशॉ वाचा यांनी दादाभाई नौरोजींना पत्र लिहून काँग्रेसच्या अपयशांची मीमांसा केली. Dinshaw Wancha wrote a letter to Dadabhai Naoroji on 18th Nov. 1899 to convey the failure of Congress.

Dinshaw Wacha criticized early Congress methods in his 1899 letter to Dadabhai Naoroji, pointing out irregular work, leisure-time politics, and descriptive rhetoric ('we only bark, do not bite').

समुद्रकिनाऱ्यावरील लाटांच्या अपक्षय कार्यामुळे खालीलपैकी कोणती भूरूपे निर्माण होतात ? Which of the following landforms are produced on coastal area by wave erosion ?

Coastal wave erosion produces landforms like sea cliffs, wave-cut platforms, sea caves, arches, and stacks.

खालीलपैकी शहरांचा कोणता समूह स्वर्णिम चतुर्भूज राष्ट्रीय महामार्गाने जोडलेला आहे ? Which of the following group of cities are connected by Golden Quadrilateral National Highway System ?

The Golden Quadrilateral connects the four major metropolitan cities of India: Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata. It forms a quadrilateral shape across the country.

जोड्या जुळवा : प्रदेश वाऱ्याचे नाव (a) सहारा वाळवंट (i) फॉन (b) ग्रीस (ii) सेमून (c) इराण (iii) सिरोक्को (d) आल्प्स (iv) खामसिन Match the following : Region Name of the wind (a) Sahara desert (i) Foehn (b) Greece (ii) Semun (c) Iran (iii) Sirocco (d) Alps (iv) Khamsin

Local winds match their regions as follows: Sahara desert produces Khamsin, Greece experiences Semun, Iran has Foehn-like or specific local winds (or matching standard geography pairs), and Alps experience Foehn.

काराकोरम पर्वत श्रेणी आणि पिंर पांजाळ पर्वत श्रेणीमध्ये कोणती पर्वत श्रेणी आढळते? Which mountain range is found between Karakoram mountain range and Pir Panjal mountain range?

The Zaskar mountain range is situated geographically between the Karakoram/Ladakh ranges to the north and the Pir Panjal/Greater Himalayas to the south.

जगातील सर्वाधिक लोकसंख्या घनता असणारे देश (वर्ष 2012) उतरत्या क्रमाने लावा. Arrange the following countries of the world having the highest density of population (Year 2012) in descending order.

Based on 2012 population density data, micro-states and densely populated nations rank in descending order starting with Monaco, followed by Singapore, Bahrain, Malta, Bangladesh, and Mauritius.

जोड्या लावा : पठारांचे प्रकार - पठारांचे उदाहरण Match the following : Types of Plateau - Example of Plateau

Plateau types match their examples: Intermont Plateau corresponds to Tibet/similar, Piedmont Plateau to Appalachian/Patagonia, Lava Plateau to Deccan, Glacier Erosion Plateau to specific high latitude features.

खनिज तेल उत्पादनासंदर्भातील विधाने पहा. (a) नूनमती तेल शुद्धीकरण कारखाना रूमानियाच्या मदतीने उभारला. (b) नूनमती तेल शुद्धीकरण कारखाना आसाम मध्ये आहे. (c) कोयाली तेल शुद्धीकरण कारखान्यास अंकलेश्वर येथून अशुद्ध तेलाचा पुरवठा केला जातो. Observe the statements regarding mineral oil production. (a) Nunmati oil refinery established with the help of Rumania. (b) Nunmati oil refinery is located in Assam. (c) The raw mineral oil is supplied to Koyali oil refinery from Ankleshwar.

All given statements are correct: Nunmati refinery in Assam was established with Romanian assistance, and Koyali refinery receives crude oil from Ankleshwar.

खालील नमूद पृथ्वीच्या भूशास्त्रीय कालखंडातील सर्वांत जुना ते सर्वांत नवीन असा क्रम लावा. (a) ट्रायसिक कल्प (b) कार्बनीफेरस कल्प (c) केंब्रियन कल्प (d) क्वाटर्नरी कल्प (e) पर्मिअन कल्प Arrange the following Geological periods of the earth from the oldest to the newest one. (a) Triassic Period (b) Carboniferous Period (c) Cambrian Period (d) Quaternary Period (e) Permian Period

Geological periods ordered from oldest to newest: Cambrian (c), Carboniferous (b), Permian (e), Triassic (a), Quaternary (d).

जोड्या जुळवा : हिमखंड (a) सियाचिन (b) रीमो (c) गंगोत्री (d) झेमू ठिकाण (i) काश्मीर (ii) काराकोरम (iii) उत्तराखंड (iv) सिक्कीम

Glaciers matched with their regions: Siachen in Kashmir/Ladakh region, Remo in Karakoram, Gangotri in Uttarakhand, and Zemu in Sikkim.

जोड्या जुळवा : राष्ट्रीय उद्याने/अभयारण्य राज्य (a) बंदीपूर (i) राजस्थान (b) केओलादेव (ii) आसाम (c) इंद्रावती (iii) कर्नाटक (d) मानसव (iv) छत्तीसगढ Match the following : National Park/Sanctuary State (a) Bandipur (i) Rajasthan (b) Keoladeo (ii) Assam (c) Indravati (iii) Karnataka (d) Manas (iv) Chattisgarh

Bandipur is in Karnataka, Keoladeo is in Rajasthan, Indravati is in Chattisgarh, and Manas is in Assam. Matching these correctly gives option 4.

खालील नमूद जागतिक पठारांच्या त्यांच्या खंडांशी जोड्या लावा : (a) कोलंबिया पठार (i) आशिया (b) बोलिव्हिया पठार (ii) युरोप (c) सेंट्रल मसिफ पठार (iii) दक्षिण अमेरिका (d) युनान पठार (iv) उत्तर अमेरिका

Columbia Plateau is in North America, Bolivia Plateau in South America, Central Massif in Europe, and Yunnan Plateau in Asia. This matches option 3.

जनगणना 2011 प्रमाणे खालील जिल्ह्यांचा लोकसंख्या घनतेसंदर्भात उतरता क्रम ओळख्रा. (a) कोल्हापूर (b) जळगाव (c) पुणे (d) नागपूर (e) सोलापूर

According to the 2011 Census, the descending order of population density for these Maharashtra districts is Pune, Kolhapur, Nagpur, Solapur, and Jalgaon, which corresponds to option 4.

खालीलपैकी कोणता उद्योग शेती अवजारांचे उत्पादन मोठ्या प्रमाणावर करतो ? / Which of the following industry produces agricultural tools on large scale ?

Agricultural tools and heavy machinery are predominantly manufactured by engineering and heavy industries, specifically tailored for farming sectors in states like Maharashtra.

भारतातील नद्या व त्यांच्यानावरील धबधबे यांच्या योग्य जोड्या लावा : / Match the pairs of Indian rivers and waterfalls on it :

Sharawati river has Jog waterfall, Narmada has Kapildhara, Kaveri has Shibsamudram, and Ghatprabha has Gokak. Matching these gives option 3.

सूर्यमालेतील ________ ग्रह सूर्यपासून ______ कि.मी. अंतरावर असून सूर्याभोवती एक परिभ्रमण करण्यास त्याला 88 दिवस लागतात. planet in solar system found ________ k.m. from sun and takes 88 days to complete one rotation around sun.

Mercury (बुध) is the closest planet to the Sun at a distance of about 5.8 crore km and takes 88 days to complete one revolution around the Sun.

जोड्या लावा : स्तंभ - I (प्रजाती) (a) भारतीय गंडा (b) आशियातील हत्ती (c) वाळवंटातील कोल्हा (d) गुलाबी डोके असलेले बदक स्तंभ - II (प्रकार) (i) विरळ/कविचित (ii) धोकादायक असलेल्या (iii) लुप्त/नष्ट होणाऱ्या (iv) संवेदनशील Match the following : Column - I (Species) (a) Indian Rhino (b) Asiatic Elephant (c) Desert Fox (d) Pink Head Duck Column - II (Type) (i) Rare (ii) Endangered (iii) Extinct (iv) Vulnerable

Indian Rhino is Endangered (ii), Asiatic Elephant is Vulnerable (iv), Desert Fox is Rare/Uncommon (i), and Pink Headed Duck is Extinct (iii). Matching these gives option 2.

घातक कचऱ्याची हालचाल विकसित देशामधून कमी विकसित देशामध्ये होऊ नये म्हणून बेसेल अधिवेशनात मध्ये येथे आंतरराष्ट्रीय करारावर सही केल्या। Basel convention an international treaty designed to reduce movement of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries signed in at .

The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal was adopted in March 1989 in Basel, Switzerland.

औद्योगिक प्रदूषित पाण्याच्या पुनर्वापर म्हणजेच ग्रीन डॉट कार्यक्रम याची सुरुवात कोणत्या देशात झाली ? Green Dot Programme means recycling of industrial polluted water began in which country?

The Green Dot programme originated in Germany as a pioneering industry-funded system for recycling and recovering packaging waste.

"परिस्थेची रचना व तिच्या कार्याचा अभ्यास म्हणजे पारिस्थितिकी" ही व्याख्या 1969 मध्ये कोणी केली ? "Ecology is the study of structure and function of ecosystem" who defined in 1969?

Eugene Odum, often called the father of modern ecology, defined ecology as the study of the structure and function of ecosystems in his influential works.

ओझोन मध्ये घट झाल्याने जीवसृष्टीवर खालीलपैकी कोणते परिणाम होतात ? Which of the following are ecological impacts of ozone depletion ?

Ozone depletion leads to increased UV rays reaching Earth, which causes damage to human immune systems, stunted plant growth, global temperature disruption, and cataracts. Therefore, all statements are correct.

निती आयोगाच्या 2017-2020 या त्रैवार्षिक आराखड्याची ही उद्दिष्ट्ये आहेत : The three year action agenda of NITI Aayog for 2017-2020 aimed at :

NITI Aayog's 2017-2020 action agenda aimed at doubling farmers' income by 2022 and providing electricity to all households by 2022. Establishing central universities in all states was not part of this specific target list. Thus, (a) and (b) are correct.

पुढील विधने विचारत घ्या : (a) रांगती चलनवाढ ही आर्थिक वृद्धी आणि अनुकूल परिणामासाठी फायदेशीर असू शकते. (b) चलनवाढीच्या काळात पैशाचे मूल्य वाढते. (c) चलनवाढ ही ऋणकोला लाभदायक असते. (d) चलनवाढीमुळे उत्पन्नातील विषमता कमी होते. वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहे/आहेत ?

Creeping/mild inflation encourages economic growth (a), and inflation benefits debtors as the real value of money they owe decreases over time (c). Conversely, inflation reduces the value of money and increases income inequality.

पुढीलपैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? (a) 2019 च्या जागतिक विकास अहवालानुसार मानवी भांडवल निर्देशांक हा श्रमिकांच्या पुढील पिढ्यांच्या उत्पादकते संदर्भात सूचित केला जातो. (b) मानवी भांडवल निर्देशांक हा शून्य आणि एक यांच्या दरम्यान असतो.

According to the World Bank's 2019 World Development Report, the Human Capital Index measures the productivity of the next generation of workers, and the index values range between 0 and 1. Both statements are correct.

नागरी नियोजन आणि प्राचीन वारसाचे जतन हा उद्देश समोर ठेवून केंद्रीय गृह व नागरी खात्यांतर्गत कोणती योजना राबवली जात आहे?

The central government implements schemes like HRIDAY (Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana) or AMRUT specifically focusing on urban planning, heritage conservation, and civic amenities.

अकराव्या पंचवार्षिक योजने अंतर्गत देखरेख/मोजमाप करता येण्यायोग्य 27 लक्ष्यांचे/उद्दिष्टांचे किती मुख्य गटात विभाजन केले?

The 27 monitorable targets of the Eleventh Five Year Plan were classified into 6 major groups covering economic growth, poverty, education, health, environment, and infrastructure.

शाश्वत विकास ध्येयांच्या (SDGs) संदर्भात खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने योग्य आहे/त?

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are also known as Global Goals (b) and they succeeded the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) (c). Statement (a) is wrong because Rio+20 was in 2012, and SDGs started in 2016 (d is also wrong as they started in 2016, not 2012).

पेन्शन संबंधी प्रधानमंत्री श्रमयोगी मानधन योजना भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्थेतील कोणत्या क्षेत्रातील कामगारांसाठी लागू केली आहे ? Pension Scheme, Pradhanmantri Shramyogi Mandhan Yojana is applicable for which of the following in India ?

Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan (PM-SYM) is a central sector scheme meant for old age protection and social security of Unorganized Workers including construction workers, audio-visual workers, mid-day-meal workers, etc.

असं निरीक्षणात आलं आहे : वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/त ? It is observed that : Which of the above statement/s is/are correct ?

Sustainable development integrates environmental protection with economic growth, recognizing that environmental sustainability is a necessary prerequisite for long-term economic viability rather than a perpetual trade-off.

पुढील विधाने विचारत घ्या : (a) राष्ट्रीय सोलर मिशन 2010 मध्ये सुरू करण्यात आले. (b) सन 2021-2022 पर्यंत 1,00,000 MW वीजनिर्मिती करणे हे त्याचे उद्दीष्ट आहे. Consider the following statements : (a) National Solar Mission was launched in 2010. (b) It aims to generate 1,00,000 MW of power by 2021-2022.

The National Solar Mission (part of NAPCC) was launched in January 2010 and initially aimed to achieve 20,000 MW, later revised upward to 1,00,000 MW by 2022.

रेरा (नियमन आणि विकास) कायदा यासंदर्भात पुढील विधाने लक्षात घ्या व योग्य विधान/विधाने निवडा : (a) सन 2016 मधे संमत झाला. (b) घरांच्या खरेदीदारांचे हित सांभाळणे हे त्याचे उद्दिष्ट आहे. (c) जम्मू आणि काश्मीर राज्यात लागू नव्हता. Consider the following statements about Real Estate (Regulation and development) Act and select correct one.

RERA was passed in 2016 to protect home buyers' interests and ensure transparency in the real estate sector. Post the abrogation of Article 370, it applies nationwide, but initially, it did not apply to Jammu and Kashmir.

भारतीय लोकसंख्येच्या बाबतीत खालीलपैकी काय खरे आहे ?

India's annual population growth rate is steadily declining as the country transitions through demographic phases, and the proportion of youth/working-age population has started shifting as fertility rates drop.

पुढीलपैकी पाचा/यांचा सहस्रकीय विकास उद्दिष्टामध्ये समावेश होत नाही ?

Infant mortality reduction (and environmental sustainability) were part of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), but infant mortality specifically as listed under target subset options needs careful reading; MDG 4 specifically targeted reducing child mortality (under-five mortality rate).

खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने राष्ट्रीय लोकसंख्या धोरण, 2000 च्या ध्येय साध्य करण्याच्या संदर्भात योग्य आहे/आहेत? / Which of the following statement/s is/are correct about goals to be achieved under the National Population Policy, 2000 ?

Under the National Population Policy (NPP) 2000, specific national socio-demographic goals included reducing Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) to under 100 per 1,00,000 live births and achieving 100% registration of births, deaths, marriage, and pregnancy.

खालील विधानें पहा : / Consider the following statements :

An atom is electrically neutral because the positive charge on its nucleus equals the total negative charge of all orbiting electrons, making statement (a) correct and statement (b) incorrect since the nuclear charge is positive, not negative.

जर पाण्याची घनता 1000 kgm⁻³ आणि तांब्याची घनता 8.9 × 10³ kgm⁻³ असेल तर तांब्याची सापेक्ष घनता किती ? If density of water is 1000 kgm⁻³ and density of copper is 8.9 × 10³ kgm⁻³. What is relative density of copper ?

Relative density is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water. Since it's a ratio of identical units, it is a dimensionless quantity, making 8.9 the correct answer.

जर प्रकाश पहिल्या माध्यमातून 2 × 10⁸ ms⁻¹ वेगाने जाताना दुसऱ्या माध्यमात त्याचा वेग 1.25 × 10⁸ ms⁻¹ होत असेल तर दुसऱ्या माध्यमाचा पहिल्या माध्यमाच्या संदर्भातील अपवर्तनांक काढा. Find the refractive index of the second medium with respect to the first medium, if light moves through the first medium with velocity 2 × 10⁸ ms⁻¹, which changes to 1.25 × 10⁸ ms⁻¹ in the second medium.

Refractive index of second medium with respect to first medium is given by the ratio of speed of light in the first medium to that in the second medium: (2 × 10⁸) / (1.25 × 10⁸) = 1.6.

एका माणसाला 25 किलो वजनाची बॅग 5 मीटर उंचीवर नेण्यास 30 सेकंद लागतात, तर त्या माणसाने वापरलेली शक्ती किती ? A person carrying a bag of total mass 25 kg climbs upto a height 5 meters in 30 seconds. How much power the man needs to carry the bag ?

Power is work done per unit time. Work done = mgh = 25 * 9.8 (or 10) * 5. Power = Work / Time. Calculating gives approximately 40.8 W depending on g value.

लेसर किरण पृथ्वीवरून चंद्रकड सोडूननंतर चंद्राच्या पृष्ठभागापासून परावर्तित होऊन पृथ्वीवर परत येण्यास 2.56 सेकंद लागतात. तर चंद्राच्या पृथ्वीभोवतीच्या परिभ्रमण कक्षेची त्रिज्या किती ? A laser light beamed at the Moon takes 2.56 s to return to earth after reflection at the Moon's surface. How much is the radius of the lunar orbit around the Earth ?

Time taken for round trip is 2.56 s, so time to reach the moon (t) = 2.56 / 2 = 1.28 s. Distance (Radius) = Speed of light * time = (3 × 10⁸) × 1.28 = 3.84 × 10⁸ m.

खालीलपैकी कोणत्या पेशी घटका भोवती पटल (आवरण) नसते? Which of the following cell organelle is not bounded by membrane ?

Ribosomes and centrioles are cell organelles that do not have a surrounding biological membrane. Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and nucleus have double or single membranes.

इकोलॉजी (Ecology) हा शब्द खालीलपैकी कोणत्या शास्त्रज्ञाद्वारे शोधण्यात आला ?

The term 'Ecology' (Oekologie) was coined by the German biologist Ernst Haeckel in 1866.

युकेरीऑटीक (eukaryotic) पेशी संदर्भात गुणसूत्र जनकीय साहित्य DNA संबंधित खालील विधानांचा विचार करा.

In eukaryotic cells, DNA is wound around histone proteins rich in basic amino acids like arginine and lysine, and histones notably lack tryptophan.

खालीलपैकी कोणती प्रक्रिया श्वसन प्रक्रियेत अंतर्भूत नाही ? Which among the following is not involved in Respiratory Process ?

The Calvin cycle is part of photosynthesis (dark reaction), not respiration. Respiration involves glycolysis, Kreb's (citric acid) cycle, and electron transport chain.

मानवाच्या पोटामध्ये कोणते जठररस स्त्रवतात ? Which gastric juices are secreted in human stomach ?

Human gastric glands secrete gastric juice containing hydrochloric acid (HCl), pepsinogen (which converts to pepsin), and mucus.

सस्तन प्राण्यांच्या हृदयामध्ये होणारा रक्ताभिसरणाचा क्रम सांगा. Give the sequence of blood circulation in mammalian heart.

Deoxygenated blood enters the right auricle (b), goes to the right ventricle (d), gets oxygenated in lungs, enters the left auricle (a), and finally goes to the left ventricle (c) to be pumped out to the body.

खालीलपैकी कोणती पायरी श्वासोच्छवास प्रक्रियेतील नाही? Which one of the following is not an intermediate step in Respiration?

Respiration involves processes like ventilation, external respiration, transport of gases, and internal respiration. Intermediate steps exclude non-respiratory metabolic pathways.

कॅल्शियम ऑक्साईड (CaO) ची स्टेबल् ऑक्टेट मिळविण्यासाठी : In CaO, so as to achieve the stable octate:

Calcium transfers its 2 valence electrons to Oxygen, forming an ionic bond where Calcium achieves a stable octet configuration (noble gas structure).

32 ग्रॅम मिथेन (रेणु वस्तुमान 16 g/mol) आणि 192 ग्रॅम ऑक्सिजन (रेणु वस्तुमान 32 g/mol) एकत्र मिसळले. हे दोन वायू जर एकमेकांशी रासायनिक प्रक्रिया करत नसतील तर मिथेन वायूचे मोल फ्रॅक्शन किती ? / 32 g of methane (molar mass 16 g/mol) is mixed with 192 g of oxygen (molar mass 32 g/mol). Presuming that these gases donot react with each other, what is the mole fraction of methane ?

Moles of methane = 32/16 = 2 moles. Moles of oxygen = 192/32 = 6 moles. Total moles = 2 + 6 = 8 moles. Mole fraction of methane = Moles of methane / Total moles = 2/8 = 0.25 (or 1/4).

खालील दिलेल्या विधानापैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? / Which of the following statements are correct ?

Diamond is a non-conductor of electricity and is used in rock drilling; graphite has a two-dimensional sheet-like structure and is a good electrical conductor.

कोणाची आयनन ऊर्जा (IE) सर्वात जास्त आहे ? / Which has maximum Ionization Energy ?

Ionization energy increases across a period and decreases down a group. Among common elements tested, noble gases or elements towards the top-right of the periodic table possess the maximum ionization energy.

रासायनिक अभिक्रियेचा वेग हा साधारणपणे _____ Chemical reaction rates generally _____

The rate of a chemical reaction is highest at the beginning because reactant concentrations are at their maximum, and it decreases over time as reactants are consumed.

_____ हा सौम्य क्षपणक आहे, जो फक्त कार्बोनील गटाचे क्षपण इतर गट उदा. नायट्रो, कार्बोक्झिल, इस्टर, दुहेरी बंध असताना करतो. The mildest reducing agent which reduces only carbonyl group in presence of nitro, carboxyl, double bond and ester group is _____

Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is a mild reducing agent that selectively reduces carbonyl groups (aldehydes and ketones) without affecting other functional groups like nitro, carboxyl, double bonds, or esters.

सामाजिक आणि शैक्षणिक दृष्ट्या मागास वर्गांच्या संदर्भात असलेल्या 2021 च्या 105 व्या घटनादुरुस्ती कायद्याने भारतीय संविधानाच्या _____ कलमांमध्ये बदल केले आहेत. The Constitution 105th amendment act, 2021 related to the socially and educationally backward classes, amends _____ articles of Indian Constitution.

The 105th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2021 restored the power of state governments to identify and specify Socially and Economically Backward Classes (SEBCs). It amended three articles of the Constitution: Articles 338A, 342A, and 366.

'शोषणा विरुद्धचा हक्क' च्या संदर्भात खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान बरोबर आहे? Which of the following statement is correct with respect to 'Right against exploitation' ?

Right against exploitation covers prohibition of human trafficking, forced labor (begar), and employment of children in factories (Articles 23 and 24).

खालीलपैकी कोण राष्ट्रपतीपदाच्या निवडणुकीत थेट भाग घेत नाही? Who among the following is not directly participating in the election of President ?

State Legislative Councils (Vidhan Parishad) do not participate in the election of the President. The electoral college consists of elected members of both houses of Parliament, elected members of State Legislative Assemblies, and elected members of Delhi and Puducherry UTs.

जिल्हा न्यायाधीशांच्या बाबतीत खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : (a) जिल्हा न्यायाधीशांची नियुक्ती उच्च न्यायालयाच्या मुख्य न्यायाधीशांकडून केली जाते. (b) जिल्हा न्यायाधीशांची बदली करण्याचा अधिकार मुख्यमंत्र्यांना आहे. वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/त? / Consider the following statements regarding District Judges : (a) The appointment of District Judge is made by Chief Justice of High Court. (b) The Chief Minister has the authority to transfer the District Judge. Which of the statement/s given above is/are correct?

District Judges are appointed by the Governor of the state in consultation with the High Court (Statement a is wrong). The power to transfer District Judges also rests with the Governor in consultation with the High Court, not the Chief Minister (Statement b is wrong).

सूची - A आणि सूची - B मधील योग्य जोड्या जुळवा.सूची - A(a) एकेरी नागरिकत्व(b) न्यायालयीन पुनर्वलोकन(c) राज्य धोरणाची मार्गदर्शक तत्त्वे(d) केंद्र-राज्य संबंधातील समवर्ती सूचीपर्यायी उत्तरे:(1) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)(2) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)(3) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)(4) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)Match the following pairs List "A" with List "B".List - A(a) Single Citizenship(b) Judicial Review(c) Directive Principles of State Policy(d) Concurrent list in Union-State RelationAnswer Options:(a) (b) (c) (d)(1) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)(2) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)(3) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)(4) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)

Single Citizenship is borrowed from the British Constitution (i). Judicial Review is from the US Constitution (ii). Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are from the Irish Constitution (iii). Concurrent list is from the Australian Constitution (iv).

राष्ट्रीय आणीबाणी घोषित करण्यासाठी घटनेत 'सशस्त्रबंड' हा शब्द कधी जोडला गेला ? / When was the word 'Armed Rebellion' added to the Constitution to declare a National Emergency ?

The term 'armed rebellion' was substituted for 'internal disturbance' by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act in 1978 to prevent misuse of emergency powers.

खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : / Consider the following statements :

The President can return an ordinary bill for reconsideration (Statement a is correct). Money bills cannot be returned for reconsideration by the President; they require prior recommendation (Statement b is wrong). If an ordinary bill is passed again, the President must give assent (Statement c is correct).

भारताचा नियंत्रक आणि महालेखा परीक्षकसंदर्भात खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : (a) त्यांची नियुक्ती भारताच्या राष्ट्रपतींकडून केली जाते. (b) त्यांचे वेतन आणि इतर सेवाशर्ती संसदेकडून निश्चित केले जातात. (c) त्यांना पंतप्रधानांकडून केव्हाही पद मुक्त केले जाऊ शकते. (d) ते संसदेच्या लोक लेखा समितीचे मार्गदर्शक, मित्र आणि तत्वज्ञ म्हणून कार्य करतात. वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/त?

The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) is appointed by the President (a is correct). His service conditions are determined by Parliament (b is correct). He acts as a guide, friend, and philosopher of the PAC (d is correct). He cannot be removed by the Prime Minister; he has security of tenure like a Supreme Court judge (c is wrong).

खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : (a) विधान परिषद हे स्थायी सभागृह आहे. (b) राज्यपाल विधानपरिषदेचे पदसिद्ध अध्यक्ष असतात. (c) काही नामनिर्देशित सदस्य सोडल्यास विधान परिषदेचे सदस्य अप्रत्यक्ष पद्धतीने निवडले जातात. वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधाने बरोबर आहे/त?

Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad) is a permanent body and not subject to dissolution (a is correct). The Vice-President of India is ex-officio chairman of Rajya Sabha, but the Governor is NOT the ex-officio chairman of the Legislative Council; its chairman is elected from amongst its members (b is wrong). Except for nominated members, members are indirectly elected (c is correct).

जम्मू आणि काश्मीर राज्य मानवी हक्क आयोगाचे अस्तित्व ________ या दिवशी संपले.

Following the revocation of Article 370 and the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, the State Human Rights Commission of J&K ceased to exist on the specified date.

भारतीय राज्यघटनेतील 1992 च्या 74 व्या घटनादुरस्ती कायद्याप्रमाणे शहरी भारतात ________ प्रकारच्या नगरपालिका आहेत.

According to the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, urban India has three types of municipalities: Nagar Panchayats, Municipal Councils, and Municipal Corporations.

महाराष्ट्र विधान परिषदेला ________ मध्ये 50 वर्षे पूर्ण झाली.

The Legislative Council traces back to the Bombay Legislative Council constituted in 1937 under the Government of India Act, 1935, and continued as the Maharashtra Legislative Council after 1960. Fifty years from 1937 is 1987, when it completed its golden jubilee.

शपथा किंवा प्रतिज्ञांचे नमुने भारतीय राज्यघटनेच्या ________ अनुसूचीमध्ये समाविष्ट करण्यात आले आहेत.

The Third Schedule of the Indian Constitution contains the forms of oaths or affirmations for various constitutional functionaries including ministers, judges, and members of parliament.

भारताच्या मार्क्सवादी कम्युनिस्ट पक्ष (सी.पी.आय.-एम) ची स्थापना केव्हा झाली ?

The Communist Party of India (Marxist) - CPI(M) split from the CPI and was established in 1964.

लोकसभेच्या अध्यक्षांच्या संदर्भात खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/त?

The Speaker of Lok Sabha does not hold office during the pleasure of the President (a is wrong). It is mandatory for the Speaker to be a member of the House at the time of election or soon after (b is incorrect as per strict constitutional conventions, though they must be chosen from members). The Speaker presides over joint sittings of both houses of Parliament (c is correct).

2019 मध्ये झटपट तिहेरी तलाकला फौजदारी गुन्हा ठरणारा कायदा संमत झाला. तेव्हापासून भारतात हा दिवस 'मुस्लिम महिला हक्क दिन' म्हणून साजरा केला जातो. / 'Muslim Women's Rights Day' is observed in India on ___________ since the enactment of law in 2019, which has made the practice of instant triple talaq a criminal offence.

August 1 is observed as 'Muslim Women's Rights Day' across India to commemorate the enactment of the law against instant triple talaq (Talaq-e-Biddat) which came into effect in 2019.

खालीलपैकी अमेरिकेतील कोणत्या राज्याने 1 नोव्हेंबर 2021 रोजी 'कन्नड भाषा आणि राज्योत्सव दिवस' साजरा केला ? / Which of the following US states celebrated the 'Kannada Language and Rajyothsava day' on 1st November 2021 ?

The US state of Georgia proclaimed 1 November 2021 as 'Kannada Language and Rajyotsava Day', recognising the Kannada-speaking community there.

"चंदीगडची चमत्कारी आई" (मिरेकल मॉम फ्रॉम चंदीगड) म्हणून कोणाला ओळखले जाई ? / Who was recognised as the 'Miracle Mom from Chandigarh' ?

Man Kaur, a veteran track and field athlete from India, was famously known as the 'Miracle Mom from Chandigarh' after winning multiple medals in master athletics globally at an advanced age.

2021 साली नोबेल शांतता पारितोषिक प्राप्त झालेल्या मारीया रेसा यांनी 'रँपलर' नावाची ____________ स्थापन केली आहे. Maria Ressa who won the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize co-founded 'Rappler' which is a ____________.

Maria Ressa, who won the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize, co-founded 'Rappler', which is a prominent digital media company focusing on investigative journalism in the Philippines.

2020 च्या मानवी विकास अहवालात ( युएनडीपी तर्फे प्रसिद्ध झालेला) मानवी विकास आणि ____________ यांच्यामधील संबंधांवर भर दिलेला आहे. Human Development report 2020 (Published by UNDP) emphasises the relations between Human Development and ____________.

The Human Development Report 2020 by UNDP introduced a new experimental index adjusting HDI for planetary pressures, focusing on the Anthropocene—the geological age defined by human dominance over Earth's climate and ecosystems.

संघ सरकारने जैन समुदायाचा देखील समावेश अल्पसंख्याकांच्या यादीमध्ये केला आहे. या संदर्भात खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या : (a) देशात आता अधिकृत असे सहा अल्पसंख्यक समुदाय आहेत. (b) अल्पसंख्यांक यादीमध्ये एखाद्या समुदायाचा समावेश करण्यासाठी संसदेने साध्या बहुमताने घटनादुरूस्ती मंजूर करणे आवश्यक असते. (c) भारत सरकारच्या अल्पसंख्यक व्यवहार मंत्रालयाच्या स्थापना 2009 मध्ये झाली आहे. वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान/ने योग्य आहे/त?

There are six officially notified minority communities in India: Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, and Parsis (Statement a is correct). Inclusion in the minority list does not require a constitutional amendment (Statement b is wrong). The Ministry of Minority Affairs was created in 2006, not 2009 (Statement c is wrong).

2020 चा बुकर पुरस्कार खालीलपैकी कोणत्या कादंबरीला मिळाला आहे ?

Douglas Stuart won the prestigious Booker Prize for the year 2020 for his debut novel 'Shuggie Bain'.

'अॅन्थ्रोपोसिन' या संज्ञेचा नेहमी वापर करणारे आणि 1995 साली ज्यांना रसायनशास्त्राचे नोबेल पारितोषिक मिळाले ते पॉल जे. क्रूट्झन हे __________ चे नागरिक होते. Paul J. Crutzen, who often used the term 'Anthropocene' and who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in year 1995, was a citizen of :

Paul J. Crutzen was a Dutch meteorologist and atmospheric chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1995 for his work on ozone depletion and popularized the term 'Anthropocene'.

संयुक्त राष्ट्रांशी संबंधित संस्थेने चालवलेले 'ब्लू हार्ट अभियान' खालीलपैकी कशाशी संबंधित आहे? The 'Blue heart campaign' run by an UN institution is related to __________.

The 'Blue Heart Campaign' is a global campaign led by UNODC to fight human trafficking and its impact on society.

प्रमुख भूमिकेतील अभिनेत्याचे 2021 चे ऑस्कर पारितोषिक ________ यांनी जिंकले. 2021 Oscar award for actor in a leading role was won by ________.

Anthony Hopkins won the 2021 Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role for his performance in the film 'The Father'.

वांग यापिंग, या अलिकडेच अंतराळात चालून आलेल्या अंतराळवीर ________ नागरिक आहेत. Wang Yaping, an astronaut, who recently walked in space, is a citizen of ________.

Wang Yaping is a prominent Chinese astronaut (taikonaut) who made history by participating in spacewalks and missions aboard China's Tiangong space station.

खालील विधाने लक्षात घ्या : कोणते कथन अयोग्य आहे ? Consider the following statements : Which is the incorrect statement ?

Ladakh became a Union Territory on 31st October 2019 (Statement a is correct). Ladakh UT comprises Leh and Kargil districts (Statement b is correct). Radha Krishna Mathur / BD Mishra have served as LGs, but Umang Narula was an advisor, not the Lieutenant Governor of Ladakh (Statement c is incorrect, making it the correct answer to the question asking for incorrect statement).

6,328 चौ.किमी. क्षेत्रात पसरलेल्या मुंबई महानगर परिक्षेत्रामध्ये __________ महानगरपालिका आहेत.

The Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) comprises a specific number of municipal corporations spanning its vast area for administrative planning.

भारतातील साहित्यिक क्षेत्रातील सर्वोच्च पुरस्कार मानला गेलेला 'ज्ञानपीठ पुरस्कार' __________ पुरस्कृत केला आहे.

The Jnanpith Award, India's highest literary honor, is presented by the Bharatiya Jnanpith trust.

बँका आणि त्यांची घोषणावाक्ये यांच्या जोड्यांपैकी पुढील पर्यायातून योग्य जोडी कोण/कोणत्या आहेत ते निवडा. (a) पंजाब नॅशनल बँक - 'द नेम यू कैन बँक अपॉन' (b) युनियन बँक ऑफ इंडिया - 'गुड पीपल टू बँक विथ' (c) एच.एस.बी.सी. (HSBC) - 'वर्ल्ड्स लोकल बँक' (d) बँक ऑफ महाराष्ट्र - 'वन फॅमिली वन बँक' Find the correctly matched pairs of Bank and Bank slogans. (a) Punjab National Bank - The Name you can Bank Upon (b) Union Bank of India - Good People to Bank with (c) HSBC - World's Local Bank (d) Bank of Maharashtra - One Family One Bank

All the matched pairs are correct: Punjab National Bank uses 'The Name you can Bank Upon', Union Bank of India uses 'Good People to Bank with', HSBC uses 'World's Local Bank', and Bank of Maharashtra uses 'One Family One Bank'.