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MPSC Rajyaseva 2020CSAT

21 real questions with the correct answer and a full explanation on each. Practice these interactively instead → · Or take it as a timed mock exam →

Q6

खालीलपैकी कोणते इंधन मोटारीत वापरल्यामुळे फोर्ड आणि डिझेल यांचे स्वप्न हवेत विरून गेले? / Use of which of the following source of energy in motor cars shattered dream of Ford and Diesel?

1)बायोडिझेल / Biodiesel
2)डिझेल / Diesel
3)इथेनॉल / Ethanol
4)पेट्रोल / Petrol✓ Correct

Henry Ford and Rudolf Diesel initially experimented with or envisioned engines running on bio-fuels like ethanol or peanut/vegetable oil, but the widespread availability and cheap supply of petroleum eventually dominated the market.

Q14

"य" स्नान करीत आहे, "अ", "य" च्या संमतीशिवाय आघोळीच्या पाण्यामध्ये उकळते पाणी, ते उकळते आहे हे माहित नसूनही ओततो, त्यामागे त्याचा वाईट हेतू आहे तर "अ" ची ही कृती _________ आहे. / "Y" is bathing. "A" without the consent of "Y" pours into the bath water which he knows to be boiling with ill intention, "A" has committed _________.

1)फौजदारीपात्र बलप्रयोग / Criminal Force✓ Correct
2)हमला / Assault
3)बलप्रयोग / Force
4)वरीलपैकी एकही नाही / None of the above

Under IPC, when someone intentionally uses force or applies anything to another person's body without their consent, knowing it is likely to cause injury, fear, or annoyance, it amounts to criminal force.

Q19

Read the following passage and answer the questions 16 to 20. Hurdles in PM-Kisan Scheme. The Modi government's cash-for-farmers programme has been able to benefit only half of the 140 million farmers targeted in 2019-20 due to implementation hurdles, according to figures presented in Parliament. The next disbursal, now due, is likely to leave out those who have not been able to link their bank accounts with Aadhaar, the universal 12-digit biometric identity number. Under PM-KISAN, the government provides income support of Rs. 6,000 a year to farmers with a valid enrolment, paid in three equal cash transfers of Rs. 2,000 - one every four months. It was launched on 24 February 2019, when the first instalment was paid. At the current rate of expansion, the government is unlikely to spend the entire Rs. 75,000 crore budgeted for 2019-20. As on October 21, 2019, the government has spent Rs. 32,577 crore, or 43% of this. Aadhaar-based enrolment and cash transfers, slow internet connections in many rural centres and messy land records have slowed the programme, the farm ministry told a parliamentary panel this month. Cash transfers under the programme take place every four months: December to March, April to July and August to November. In the first instalment period (December 2018 to March 2019), nearly 70.2 million farmers received a total of Rs. 14,055 crore. In the second tranche (April to July 2019), only 59.2 million were paid a total amount of Rs. 11,845 crore. The third instalment saw 33.3 million farmers benefiting, with a payout of Rs. 6,677 crore. There's a reason those numbers look out of place. After all, if 70.2 million farmers received the first instalment, why did only 59.2 receive a second instalment and only 33.3 million a third? The agriculture ministry counts the first tranche paid to a farmer, even if it was paid for the second period due to late enrolment, as the 'first instalment paid'. This means even if a farmer enrolled in the second period (April to July 2019) and got his instalment for this period as his first ever cash transfer, he will be counted among those receiving the first instalment (December 2018 to March 2019). This inflates the total number of farmers, as shown above. In all, of the targeted 140 million farmers, nearly 71 million farmers have so far received the payouts, as the ministry noted before the parliamentary panel. "I would like to make it clear that the total number of farmers who have got the benefit is right now 7,17,42,959", a ministry official said in the report to Parliament. That leaves another 69 million to be targeted by March. Based on these, 33.3 million farmers benefited from the scheme between December 2018 and March 2019 (they have received three instalments), with an additional 25.9 million benefited from it between April and July (they have received two), and an additional 11 between August and November (they have received only one). According to the scheme's design, farmers registered for the scheme in the first stage would have received all three instalments released so far since the start of the scheme. Farmers who registered during the second period would not have received the first instalment but would have received the next two, because the benefits are not retrospective.

पी.एम.-किसान योजनेबाबत डिसेंबर 2018 ते मार्च 2019 दरम्यानच्या पहिल्या हप्प्यात शेतकऱ्यांना एवढ्या रुपयांची रोकड हस्तांतरण करण्यात आले : In the first instalment of the PM-Kisan scheme between December 2018 to March 2019, cash transfer to farmers was worth rupees :

1)₹ 14,055 कोटी / ₹ 14,055 cr.✓ Correct
2)₹ 11,845 कोटी / ₹ 11,845 cr.
3)₹ 6,677 कोटी / ₹ 6,677 cr.
4)₹ 75,000 कोटी / ₹ 75,000 cr.

In the initial phase of PM-Kisan between Dec 2018 and March 2019, the first installment of Rs. 2,000 was transferred to eligible beneficiaries.

Q24

पृथ्वीच्या केंद्रापासून R या अंतरावर एक उपग्रह गोलकार कक्षेत फिरत आहे. उपग्रह ϕ या कोनातून फिरताना व्यापले जाणारे क्षेत्र A = R²ϕ/2 आहे. केप्लरच्या दुसऱ्या नियमानुसार असे सूचित होते की, उपग्रहाला 2ϕ कोनाितका जाण्यासाठी लागणारा वेळ : Consider a satellite in circular orbit around the Earth at a distance R from the Earth's center. The area that the satellite sweeps out as it moves through an angle ϕ is given by A = R²ϕ/2. Kepler's second law implies that the time that it takes to move through 2ϕ is :

a)ϕ कोनातून जाण्याच्या दुप्पट वेळ लागेल. / double the time that it takes to move through ϕ.✓ Correct
b)ϕ कोनातून जाण्याच्या अर्धा वेळ लागेल. / half the time that it takes to move through ϕ.
c)ϕ कोनातून जाण्याच्या वेळेच्या वर्गाइतका वेळ लागेल. / the square of the time that it takes to move through ϕ.
d)ϕ कोनातून जाण्या इतकाच समान वेळ लागेल. / equal to the time that it takes to move through ϕ.

According to Kepler's second law, the areal velocity is constant, meaning equal areas are swept out in equal intervals of time. Since area A is proportional to angle phi (A = R²*phi/2), sweeping through an angle of 2phi takes double the time required to sweep through phi.

Q25

पृथ्वीच्या केंद्रापासून R इतक्या अंतरावर m इतक्या वस्तुमानाचा एका अग्निबाणाला गतिमान होण्यासाठी लागणारी ऊर्जा E = GmM_e (1/R_e - 1/R) इतकी आहे. तर ह्या अग्निबाणाला पृथ्वीच्या गुरुत्वाकर्षण क्षेत्रापासून पूर्णतः निसटण्यासाठी कमीत कमी किती वेग दिला पाहिजे ? The amount of energy needed to move a rocket having mass m from the surface of the Earth to a distance R from the Earth's center is E = GmM_e (1/R_e - 1/R). What is the minimum velocity, the rocket must have in order to completely escape the Earth's gravitational field ?

a)(2Gm/R_e)^(1/2)
b)(2GME_e/R_e)^(1/2)✓ Correct
c)(2gh)^(1/2)
d)(2mGRe)^(1/2)

The escape velocity from the Earth's gravitational field is derived by setting the total mechanical energy to zero, yielding v = sqrt(2GMe / Re).

Q27

_____________ हया वनस्पतींमध्ये पूर्ण वाढ झालेले उतक असतात परंतु योग्य बीया नसतात. Plants having well differentiated vascular bundles; but lacking proper seeds are ____________

1)शेवाळ / Algae
2)ब्रायोफाइट्स / Bryophytes
3)अनावृत्त बीजधारी वनस्पती / Gymnosperms
4)वरीलपैकी एकही नाही / None of the above✓ Correct

Pteridophytes have well-differentiated vascular bundles (xylem and phloem) but lack flowers and seeds. Since Pteridophytes is not listed, 'None of the above' is correct.

Q28

अनावृत्त बीजधारी वनस्पतीमध्ये अतीसूक्ष्म बीजे ____________ ह्यामध्ये तयार होतात. In gymnosperms, microspores are produced in ____________

1)मेर्गास्पोरान्जीआ जे सूक्ष्मस्पोरोफिलवर वाढते / Megasporangium borne on Microsporophyll
2)मायक्रोस्पोरान्जीआ जे सूक्ष्मस्पोरोफिलवर वाढते / Microsporangium borne on Microsporophyll✓ Correct
3)मेर्गास्पोरान्जीआ जे मेर्गास्पोरोफिलवर वाढते / Megasporangium borne on Megasporophyll
4)मायक्रोस्पोरान्जीआ जे मेर्गास्पोरोफिलवर वाढते / Microsporangium borne on Megasporophyll

In gymnosperms, microspores (pollen grains) are produced inside the microsporangium which is borne on the microsporophyll.

Q39

विद्यमान शैक्षणिक व्यवस्थेमध्ये मुख्य समस्या कोणती आहे ? / Which is the major problem of the present education system ?

a)ती शिक्षणाच्या ब्रिटिश मॉडेल वर आधारित आहे. / It is based on the British Model of education.
b)ती विद्यार्थ्यांच्या मनावर मूल्ये बिंबवित नाही. / It does not inculcate values to the Students.
c)ती अत्यंत श्रेणीबद्ध आणि विषमταवादी स्वरूपाची आहे. / It is highly hierarchical and Inegalitarian in nature.✓ Correct
d)ती काही प्रतिष्ठांचे वर्चस्व कायम ठेवते. / It perpetuates the domination of the few privileged.

The present education system is often criticized for being hierarchical and inegalitarian, reinforcing social stratification rather than promoting equity.

Q40

स्वातंत्र्यानंतर शैक्षणिक संस्थेसोबत राजकारणाचे संबंध कसे होते ? / How has politics been related to educational institutions after independence ?

a)त्यांना राजकीय हस्तक्षेपाशिवाय राजकीय पाठिंबा प्राप्त झाला. / They got political support without political interference.
b)त्यांना राजकीय हस्तक्षेपासह राजकीय पाठीबा मिळू शकला नाही. / They got no political support with political interference.
c)त्यांना राजकीय हस्तक्षेपासह अल्प राजकीय पाठीबा प्राप्त झाला. / They got mere political support with political interference.✓ Correct
d)त्यांना राजकीय हस्तक्षेपाशिवाय अल्प राजकीय पाठीबा प्राप्त झाला. / They got mere political support without political interference.

Post-independence, educational institutions received minimal political support coupled with heavy political interference, affecting their autonomy.

Q50

Choose the best option/s : The richness of great books shows itself in the many levels of meaning they ____________.

1)control
2)envelop✓ Correct
3)prevent
4)have

Great books contain multiple levels of meaning that they 'envelop' or hold within themselves, making option 2 the standard literary collocation.

Q51

विशेषीष्ट कालावधीत पूर्ण करायच्या दोन भिन्न प्रकल्पांसाठी A, B, C, D, E, F, G आणि H या विद्यार्थ्यांतून दोन संघ तयार करायचे आहेत. जर G व H यांची संघ 1 साठी निवड केली, तर पुढील अटीनुसार संघ 2 चे सदस्य निवडा. पहिले संघात कमाल पाच किंवा किमान चार विद्यार्थी असायला हवेत. प्रत्येक विद्यार्थी फक्त एकाच प्रकल्पासाठी निवडला जाईल. काम सुरळीत चालण्यासाठी C ची A सोबत निवड करणे उपयुक्त ठरेल कारण त्यांना एकमेकांबरोबर काम करायला आवडते परंतु A व H नेहमीच वाद घालण्यात वेळ वाया घालवतात. B व F हे C बरोबर स्वस्थपणे काम करू शकत नाहीत. E हा A व D यांच्याबरोबर आरामात काम करू शकतो परंतु G बरोबर त्याचे जमत नाही. Two teams are to be formed for completing two different projects in stipulated time using students A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H. If G and H are selected as the members of team 1, select the members of team 2 with respect to the following conditions. There should be at most five students or at least four students in a first team. Each student is to be selected for only one project. For smooth working it is useful to include C along with A as they enjoy working together but A and H always waste time in debating. B and F are not comfortable to work with C. E comfortably works with A and D but not with G.

1)A, B, F व E / A, B, F and E
2)B, F, E व D / B, F, E and D
3)A, C, D व E / A, C, D and E✓ Correct
4)C, B, D व E / C, B, D and E

Given G and H are in team 1, and applying constraints (C with A, A not with H, B/F not with C, E with A and D but not G), team 2 members are successfully deduced as A, C, D and E.

Q56

एका वर्तुळात समभुज त्रिकोण अंतर्लिखित केला आहे. वर्तुळाचे क्षेत्रफळ त्रिकोणाच्या क्षेत्रफळाच्या तुलनेत किती पट आहे हे निर्देशित करणारा पर्याय निवडा.

1)3/√π
2)3π/4
3)4π/(3√3)✓ Correct
4)3

Let side of equilateral triangle be s. Radius of circumscribed circle R = s/√3. Area of circle = πR² = πs²/3. Area of equilateral triangle = (√3/4)s². Ratio of circle area to triangle area simplifies to 4π / (3√3).

Q57

एका पुस्तकाच्या कपाटात सहा पुस्तके ठेवेलेली आहेत आणि त्या सहाही पुस्तकांना L, M, N, O, P व Q याप्रमाणे खुणा चिटकवल्या आहेत. M, P, N व Q या खुणा असलेली पुस्तकांची वेष्टणे निळी असून उर्वरित पुस्तकांची वेष्टणे लाल आहेत. L, M व Q या खुणा असलेली पुस्तके नवीन नसून उर्वरित पुस्तके जुनी आहेत. L, M व N खुणा असलेली पुस्तके कायद्याची तर उर्वरित पुस्तके अभियांत्रिकीची आहेत. तर कायद्याच्या कोणत्या पुस्तकाचे वेष्टण निळे आहे?

1)P
2)N
3)L
4)M✓ Correct

By filtering the properties: Blue covers are M, P, N, Q. New books are O, P, R (Wait, L, M, Q are old, so others are new). Law books are L, M, N. Finding the law book with a blue cover yields M.

Q60

सोबतची एकमेकांवर आलेले समभुज त्रिकोण दाखवणारी आकृती अभ्यासिया आणि कोन a ची अंशांत किंमत निवडा. / Study the accompanying figure showing overlapping equilateral triangles and select the value of angle a in degrees.

1)49✓ Correct
2)50
3)55
4)51

Using the geometric properties of overlapping equilateral triangles, interior angle sums and exterior angle theorems are applied to find angle a, which evaluates to 49 degrees.

Q62

झिनाने एका स्तंभात चार नैसर्गिक संख्या लिहिल्या. प्रत्येक वेळी यातल्या तीन सर्वांना बेरजेच्या समान संधी मिळतील अशा प्रकारे निवडून तिने त्या त्रिकुटांची बेरीज केली आणि तिला 186, 206, 215 आणि 194 या बेरजा मिळाल्या. झिनाने लिहिलेली सर्वात मोठी संख्या निवडा. Zina has written down four natural numbers in column. She chose three of these numbers at a time such that all numbers had equal chances of getting added. Each triple she came up with sums 186, 206, 215 and 194. Select the largest number that Zina has written.

1)93
2)103
3)81✓ Correct
4)73

Let the four numbers be a, b, c, d. The given sums of triples represent combinations of three numbers out of four. Solving the simultaneous equations derived from these sums gives the values of the numbers, identifying 81 as the largest number.

Q67

दिलेली माहिती वापरून अनुक्रमे मामा व भाची यांची जोडी निवडा. 'B' हे 'C' चे वडील आहेत परंतु 'C' त्यांचा मुलगा नाही. 'P' हा 'C' चा भाऊ आहे. 'A' आणि 'B' हे जोडपे आहे. 'Q' ही 'C' ची मुलगी आहे. 'R' हा 'P' चा मुलगा आहे. 'S' आणि 'P' हे जोडपे आहे. 'T' हे 'S' चे वडील आहेत. Select the pair of persons one of whom is the uncle from mother's side and his niece respectively using given information. 'B' is the father of 'C' but 'C' is not his son. 'P' is the brother of 'C'. 'A' is the spouse of 'B'. 'Q' is the daughter of 'C'. 'R' is son of 'P'. 'S' is spouse of 'P'. 'T' is father of 'S'.

1)S - R
2)P - Q✓ Correct
3)B - Q
4)T - R

Constructing the family tree based on the rules: B is father of C (A is spouse, so mother). P is brother of C. Q is daughter of C. R is son of P. S is spouse of P. T is father of S. P is the uncle (mother's side or father's brother) and Q is his niece.

Q68

खाली चार विधाने आणि तीन अनुमाने दिली आहेत. तुम्हाला दिलेली विधाने सत्य मानायची आहेत, दिलेल्या विधानानुसार तार्किक दृष्ट्या अचूक अनुमाने ठरवा. विधाने : सर्व रस्ते बसेस आहेत. काही बसेस ह्या कार आहेत. काही कार दिवस आहेत. सर्व दिवस रात्री आहेत. अनुमाने : (I) काही रात्री बसेस आहेत. (II) काही रात्री कार आहेत. (III) काही दिवस बसेस आहेत. पर्यायी उत्तरे : (1) एकही सत्य नाही (2) फक्त (I) सत्य (3) फक्त (II) सत्य (4) फक्त (III) सत्य Below four statements and three conclusions are given. You have to take the given statements to be true. Decide which of the given conclusions logically true from given statements. Statements : All roads are buses. Some buses are cars. Some cars are days. All days are nights. Conclusions : (I) Some nights are buses. (II) Some nights are cars. (III) Some days are buses. Answer Options : (1) None true (2) Only (I) true (3) Only (II) true (4) Only (III) true

1)एकही सत्य नाही
2)फक्त (I) सत्य
3)फक्त (II) सत्य✓ Correct
4)फक्त (III) सत्य

Tracing the relations: All roads=buses, some buses=cars, some cars=days, all days=nights. Conclusion II correctly follows as some nights are cars through the intermediate links.

Q69

ट्रॅक्टरच्या मोठ्या व लहान चाकाचा व्यास अनुक्रमे 50 से.मी. व 35 से.मी. आहे. जेव्हा मोठ्या चाकाचे 21 फेरे पूर्ण होतील तेव्हा लहान चाकाचे किती फेरे पूर्ण होतील? The diameters of the bigger wheel and smaller wheel of a tractor are 50 cm and 35 cm respectively. How many revolutions will the smaller wheel make when the bigger one makes 21 revolutions ?

1)25
2)45
3)30✓ Correct
4)32

The distance covered by a wheel in one revolution is its circumference (π × diameter). Equate the total distance covered by both wheels: 50 × 21 = 35 × x, which gives x = 30.

Q71

संजय, अशोक आणि केतन यांनी 1:3:5 या प्रमाणात गुंतवणूक करून एक धंदा सुरू केला. 4 महिन्यानंतर संजयने पूर्वी जेवढी गुंतवणूक केली होती तेवढी पुन्हा गुंतवणूक केली. अशोक तसेच केतन यांनी त्यांची गुंतवणूक पूर्वीपेक्षा निम्मे केली. वर्षअखेर त्यांच्या नफ्याचे प्रमाण किती ?

1)4:3:5
2)6:5:10
3)5:6:10✓ Correct
4)10:5:6

Investment ratio changes over time periods. Sanjay: (1*4 + 2*8), Ashok: (3*4 + 1.5*8), Ketan: (5*4 + 2.5*8). Calculating these gives effective shares which simplify to the ratio 5:6:10.

Q72

15 पुरुष व 7 महिला यांच्यामधून 10 सदस्यीय समिती गठीत करावयाची आहे. समितीत कमीतकमी 6 महिलांचा समावेश असेल अशी समिती किती प्रकारे तयार करता येईल ?

1)10011
2)10010✓ Correct
3)11010
4)12740

Total committee size = 10 members from 15 men and 7 women, with AT LEAST 6 women. Cases: 1) 6 women and 4 men: 7C6 * 15C4 = 7 * 1365 = 9555. 2) 7 women and 3 men: 7C7 * 15C3 = 1 * 455 = 455. Total ways = 9555 + 455 = 10010.

Q73

'जर्नल ऑफ क्लिनिकल एण्डोक्राइनॉलॉजी' अॅण्ड मेटाबॉलिझम मध्ये प्रसिद्ध झालेले, ट्रायकलोसन हे रसायन आणि त्याच्या संपर्काचा हाडांची खनिज घनता तसेच हाडांच्या दिसूनपणाच्या यांच्यातील सहसंबंधाचा शोध घेणारे त्या प्रकारचे पहिलेच संशोधन आहे. साबण, टूलपेस्ट, हातसफाई साबण इत्यादी प्रकारच्या ग्राहकोपयोगी उत्पादनांच्या माध्यमातून व्यक्ती ट्रायकलोसनच्या संपर्कात येऊ शकते. तथापि ट्रायकलोसन व मानवी हाडांचे आरोग्य यांच्या संबंधाविषयी फारच थोडी माहिती उपलब्ध आहे. 'प्राण्यातील हाडांच्या घनतेवर विपरीत परिणाम करण्याची क्षमता ट्रायकलोसनमध्ये असण्याच्या शक्यतेचे प्रात्यक्षिक प्रयोगशाळेतील अभ्यासातून झालेले आहे' असे ट्रायकलोसनच्या परिणामांचा अभ्यास करणाऱ्या वैज्ञानिकाने म्हटले आहे. The research published in the 'Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism', is the first of its kinds to investigate the association between the chemical triclosan, exposure with bone mineral density and osteoporosis. A person can be exposed to triclosan via consumer products like soaps, toothpastes, sanitizers and other such products. However little is known about the relationship between triclosan and human bone health. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that triclosan may have potential to adversely affect the bone density in animals,' said one scientist studying effects of triclosan.

वरील माहितीवर आधारित सर्वात उचित निष्कर्ष निवडा. / Select the most appropriate conclusion based on above information.

a)प्राण्यांच्या हाडांवर होणाऱ्या ट्रायकलोसनच्या परिणामांबाबत फार थोडी माहिती उपलब्ध असली तरी वरील यादीत असलेल्या उत्पादनांत त्याचा वापर करण्यावर बंदी घालणे आवश्यक आहे.
b)मानवी हाडांवर नेमका कोणता परिणाम होतो हे माहित नसल्यामुळे व्यक्ती वापरत असलेल्या विविध उत्पादनांत ट्रायकलोसनचा वापर करण्याबाबत कोणताही प्रतिबंधक उपाय करण्याची आवश्यकता नाही.
c)ट्रायकलोसन आणि हाडांच्या खनिजांची घनता यांच्यातील सहसंबंध यांचा शोध पूर्वीच घेतला घेतलेला असल्यामुळे व्यक्ती वापरत असलेल्या विविध उत्पादनातील त्याच्या वापरापर बंदी घालणे आवश्यक आहे.
d)ट्रायकलोसनमध्ये प्राण्यांच्या हाडांच्या घनतेवर परिणाम करण्याच्या क्षमतेच्या शक्यतेचे प्रात्यक्षिक काही अभ्यासातून दाखविले गेल्यामुळे व्यक्ती वापरत असलेल्या विविध उत्पादनात त्याचा वापर करण्यावर बंदी घालणे आवश्यक आहे.✓ Correct

Based on scientific studies showing potential negative impacts of triclosan on animal bone density, the most logical and cautious conclusion is to restrict its use in consumer products.