MPSC Rajyaseva 2013 — GS Paper 1

खालीलपैकी एक ब्रिटिश नेता आणि संसद सदस्याने स्वीकारले की, 1857 चा उठाव सैनिकी विद्रोह नसून 'राष्ट्रीय उठाव' होता : The following leading British Parliamentarian and Politician admitted that the Revolt of 1857 was a National Revolt and not a Military Mutiny :

Benjamin Disraeli, a prominent British Conservative leader and parliamentarian, famously described the 1857 revolt as a national uprising rather than a mere military mutiny in the House of Commons.

"ज्या युद्धामुळे स्वातंत्र्य व लोकशाही मिळणार नाही, कामगारवर्गाला ज्यापासून काहीच फायदा होणार नाही, त्या युद्धात भारताने सहभागी होऊ नये" - हा ठराव 1940 साली कोणी केला? Which organization passed the following resolution in 1940? "India should not take part in a war which will neither bring freedom or democracy, nor will the workers benefit in any way from it."

In 1940, the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) passed a resolution opposing India's participation in World War II as it served neither freedom nor workers' interests.

गांधार कलशैली ______ कलशैलीने प्रभावित झालेली होती. Gandhar art was influenced by ______ art.

Gandhara art was heavily influenced by Greco-Roman (युनानी व रोमन) artistic traditions, reflecting Hellenistic realism combined with Buddhist themes.

वरीलपैकी कोणती/कोणत्या प्रजाती कर्करोगावर उपचारासाठी वापरण्यात येणारे 'टॅक्सॉल' हे रसायन काढण्यासाठी वापरली जाते/वापरल्या जातात ? / Which species is/are used for the isolation of 'taxol' which is used for the treatment of cancer ?

Taxol is a potent anticancer drug that is naturally extracted from the bark of the Pacific Yew tree (Taxus brevifolia).

मध्य युगाच्या सुरवातीला भारतीय इतिहासात पुढील दोन वैशिष्ट्यपूर्ण प्रवाह दिसून येतात. / We find the following two specific trends at the beginning of the middle age in Indian History.

The early medieval period in India saw the consolidation of philosophical movements like Adi Shankara's Advaita Vedanta and a massive spurt in temple architecture and urbanization around temple centers like Chidambaram and Madurai.

सविमय कायदेभंगाच्या चळवळीचे उद्दिष्ट कोणते? / What was the aim of the Civil Disobedience Movement?

The primary aim of the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930) was complete disobedience of British laws, famously initiated with the Dandi March and breaking the salt tax.

खालीलपैकी कोणता असहकार चळवळीचा भाग नव्हता? / Which of the following was not a part of the Non-cooperation Movement?

The Non-cooperation Movement (1920-22) involved boycotting foreign goods, government schools, and titles, but paying land revenue was not part of its initial non-payment campaign (which came later in specific no-tax campaigns).

नद्या व त्यांच्या वैदिक नावांच्या जोड्या लावा. / Match the rivers with their vedic names.

In Vedic literature, Sarsuti/Drishadvati/Sindhu represent ancient river names. Specifically, Vitasta is Jhelum, Asikni is Chenab, Parushni is Ravi, and Saraswati is Sarsuti.

मध्य आशियातून आलेल्या आक्रमणापुढे उत्तर भारतीय राजसत्ता पराभूत झाल्या कारण : North Indian powers were defeated at the hands of invaders from Central Asia because :

North Indian kingdoms suffered defeats against Central Asian invaders due to social fragmentation like casteism preventing unity and lack of economic/plunder incentives for ordinary soldiers compared to motivated invaders.

जवाहरलाल नेहरूंबाबत पुढीलपैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? Which of the following statements about Jawaharlal Nehru are true ?

Jawaharlal Nehru chaired the Planning Commission, presided over sessions of the Indian Science Congress, and expressed feelings of alienation in both Western and Indian contexts. Statement (c) is wrong because Motilal Nehru authored the Nehru Report, not Jawaharlal.

गांधी-आयर्वीन करारामुळे काय साध्य झाले? What was the outcome of the Gandhi - Irwin Pact ?

The Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931) resulted in the release of political prisoners (except those guilty of violence) and allowed Mahatma Gandhi to attend the Second Round Table Conference.

कालानुक्रमे रचना करा. (a) मुस्लिम लीगने नेहरू रिपोर्टपेक्षा जिनांच्या चौदा कलमी कार्यक्रमास पसंती दिली. (b) काँग्रेसने सरकारला एका वर्षात नेहरू रिपोर्ट स्वीकारण्याची मुदत दिली. (c) लाहोर अधिवेशनात काँग्रेसने संपूर्ण स्वातंत्र्याची मागणी केली. (d) गांधीजींनी मिठाचा सत्याग्रह सुरू केला. Arrange in chronological order. (a) Muslim League gave preference to the Fourteen Points of Jinnah rather than the Nehru Report. (b) Congress asked the government to accept the Nehru Report within one year. (c) Congress demanded 'Purna Swaraj' (Complete Independence) in the Lahore session. (d) Gandhiji started Salt Satyagraha.

Chronological order: (b) Congress gave a one-year deadline for the Nehru Report in late 1928; (a) Muslim League responded with Jinnah's 14 points in early 1929; (c) Congress passed Purna Swaraj in Lahore in Dec 1929; (d) Gandhi started Salt Satyagraha in March 1930.

इ.स. 1927 मध्ये सायमन कमिशन नेमण्यात आले कारण : Simon Commission was appointed in 1927 because :

Simon Commission was appointed in 1927 to review the working of the Government of India Act 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms), out of fear of a Labour party win bringing pro-Indian policies, and to counter the Swarajists.

खालील विवरणवरून व्यक्ती ओळखा. (a) या व्यक्तीस मुंबईचे शिल्पकार (वास्तुविशारद) म्हणतात. (b) आचार्य अत्रे यांनी त्यांना शिरपेच न चढवलेला मुंबईचा सम्राट (Uncrowned Emperor of Mumbai) म्हटले. (c) ते मराठी, इंग्रजी व संस्कृत मध्ये उत्कृष्ट होते. (d) त्यांचे एलफिन्स्टन कॉलेज वर बरेच उपकार/ऋण आहेत. Name the person described below : (a) He is called the architect of Mumbai. (b) Acharya Atre called him "Uncrowned Emperor of Mumbai". (c) He was excellent in Marathi, English and Sanskrit. (d) Elphinstone college owes a lot to him

Jagannath Shankar Sheth is widely hailed as the architect of Mumbai, referred to as the 'Uncrowned Emperor of Mumbai' by Acharya Atre, and played a monumental role in the establishment and growth of Elphinstone College.

'खोती पद्धत' कोठे होती ? Where was 'Khoti System' being implemented ?

The Khoti land tenure system was primarily prevalent in the Konkan region of Maharashtra, where Khots acted as revenue intermediaries between the government and cultivators.

गन पावडर हे एक मिश्रण आहे जे पेटविल्यास रासायनिक प्रक्रिया होऊन स्फोट होतो. या मिश्रणात पुढील बाबी असतात : (a) पोटॅशियम नायट्रेट (b) कोळशाची पावडर (c) सल्फर (d) सोडिअम कार्बोनेट (e) कॅल्शिअम सल्फेट

Gunpowder is a traditional explosive mixture composed of potassium nitrate (saltpeter, acting as oxidizer), charcoal (fuel), and sulfur (fuel and low ignition point).

खालील दोन विधाने पाहावीत : (a) भारतात प्रती माणषी कृषी क्षेत्राची उपलब्धता सन 1951 च्या 0.48 हेक्टर पासून 1991 पर्यंत 0.16 हेक्टर एवढी कमी झाली व ती 2035 पर्यंत 0.08 हेक्टर पर्यंत खाली जाण्याची शक्यता आहे. (b) कृषी क्षेत्राची उपलब्धता कमी होण्याचे प्रमुख कारण वाढती लोकसंख्या व कृषी क्षेत्राचे अकृषी क्षेत्राकडे वळनीकरण आहे. वरीलपैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ?

Per capita agricultural land availability in India has declined over decades due to population growth and diversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural uses.

मुंबई हाय मधे भारताच्या एकूण उत्पादनाच्या 63% खनिज तेल तर 80% नैसर्गिक वायूचे उत्पादन होते. ओ.एन.जी.सी. ला येथे सर्वप्रथम 1974 मध्ये तेल लागले. हे खनिज तेल कोणत्या कालावधीचे आहे? Mumbai High accounts for 63% of petroleum production in India and produces about 80% of India's natural gas. The ONGC struck oil here in 1974. To which period does this oil belong :

The petroleum-bearing strata of Mumbai High offshore oilfield primarily belong to the Miocene epoch of the Tertiary period.

पुढील क्षेत्रांचा नीट विचार करा : (a) अँडिज पर्वत (b) न्यूझीलंड (c) फिलीपाईन्स (d) तैवान वरीलपैकी कोणता 'अग्नीकंकणाचा' भाग आहे? Consider the following areas : (a) Andese Mountain (b) New Zealand (c) Philippines (d) Taiwan Which of the above form a part of 'Ring of Fire' ?

The Pacific Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur, encompassing the Andes, New Zealand, Philippines, and Taiwan.

नदी आपल्या संपूर्ण प्रवाहात वेगवेगळे भू-आकार निर्माण करत असते. खालीलपैकी कोणता भू-आकार नदी आपल्या वरच्या टप्प्यात निर्माण करत नाही? A river produces various landforms during its entire course. Which of the following landforms is not produced by a river in its upper course ?

A 'Spur' (सोंगर बाहू) is a ridge of land projecting from higher ground into a lower one, often formed by differential erosion or interlocking spurs in a river valley, but it is not a direct erosional fluvial feature created exclusively in the upper course like gorges, rapids, or waterfalls.

खालील नद्यांच्या त्यांच्या खोऱ्यांच्या क्षेत्रफळानुसार उतरता क्रम लावा.

Based on river basin areas in India, Brahmaputra has the largest basin among the given options, followed by Krishna, Cauvery, and Tapi.

कोणत्या प्रदेशामध्ये वस्त्यांचे वितरण पूर पातळीद्वारा निश्चित होईल?

रोहिलखंड किंवा उत्तर भारतीय मैदानी प्रदेशासारख्या सखल व पूरप्रवण क्षेत्रामध्ये वस्त्यांचे वितरण प्रामुख्याने पूर पातळी आणि पुरापासून संरक्षणाने (उदा. उंचवटे किंवा नैसर्गिक तटबंदी) निश्चित होते.

जर जागतिक तापमान 2° से. वाढले तर पृथ्वीवर खालीलपैकी कोणते परिणाम होण्याची शक्यता आहे?

An increase in global temperature by 2°C triggers severe ecological consequences including annual floods, vector-borne diseases like malaria, agricultural shifts, and mass species extinction.

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खालील नकाशात पूर्व हिमालय प्रदेशातील चार पर्वत रांगा 1, 2, 3, 4 अंकांनी दाखविलेल्या आहेत. या पर्वत रांगांचा पश्चिमेकडून पूर्वेकडे कोणता क्रम बरोबर आहे?

The hills of the Eastern Himalayas/Meghalaya plateau from west to east are Garo, Khasi, Jaintia, followed by Barail range further east.

खालीलपैकी कोणता विशेष गुणधर्म उष्ण व दमट विषुववृत्तीय हवामानात आढळत नाही ? Which of the following characteristics does not belong to the hot and wet equatorial type of climate ?

Hot and wet equatorial climates are characterized by high temperatures, heavy daily convectional rainfall, and high humidity throughout the year, lacking distinct seasonal thermal variations or dry spells typical of other climates.

भारतता मासेमारी अत्यल्प प्रमाणात केली जाते कारण : वरीलपैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ? Fishing in India is poorly developed because : Which of the above statements are correct ?

Fishing in India is under-developed primarily due to heavy dependence on cereal/land agriculture, limited cold storage/preservation facilities, and lack of well-developed domestic markets.

आपल्या देशाचे बरेच क्षेत्र मृदा धूपीमुळे प्रभावित आहे. मृदा धूपीखाली सर्वाधिक क्षेत्र असलेले राज्य कोणते ? Soil'erosion has affected large tracts of our country. Which is a state with the largest area under soil erosion ?

Rajasthan has the largest area affected by soil erosion in India, primarily due to wind erosion and shifting sand dunes in arid regions.

ऊसापासून साखर करताना उसाच्या एकूण वजनाच्या किती टक्के रूपांतर होऊ शकते ? How much percent weight of sugarcane can be converted into sugar ?

The average sugar recovery rate from sugarcane in India typically ranges around 9% to 10% depending on the variety and region.

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खाली दिलेल्या भारताच्या नकाशात काढलेली दाट (thick) रेषा - दाखविते : The thick line drawn in the following map of India shows :

The thick line drawn in standard geographical maps of India often represents the major water divide (जल विभाजक) separating the east-flowing rivers draining into the Bay of Bengal from west-flowing rivers or separating major river basins.

खालील विधाने पाहावीत व त्यातील कोणते योग्य नाही ते सांगावे. (a) भारतात गाळाची मृदा सर्वात अधिक पसरलेली आहे. (b) एकूणच गाळाची मृदा अत्यंत सुपीक असते. (c) तिच्या वयोमानाप्रमाणे गाळाची मृदा 2 वर्गात मोडते - जुनी-बांगर आणि नवी-खादर. (d) खादर मृदा बांगर मृदा पेक्षा अधिक सुपीक असते. (e) गाळाच्या मृदेत पुरेशा प्रमाणात पोटॅश, फॉस्फोरिक ऑॅसिड व लाइम असते. (f) गाळाची मृदा ऊस, भात, गहू व कडधान्यांकरिता उत्कृष्ट असते. Consider the following statements and state what is not true of the Alluvial Soils ? (a) Alluvial soils are most widely spread soils. (b) Alluvial soils as a whole are very fertile. (c) On the basis of their age they are classified into two - old : Bangar and new : Khadar. (d) Khadar soils are more fertile than Bangar (e) Alluvial soils contain adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid and lime (f) Alluvial soils are ideal for sugarcane, paddy, wheat and pulses

All statements provided about alluvial soil are factually correct: they cover the largest area in India, are very fertile, divided into Bangar (old) and Khadar (new) with Khadar being more fertile, and contain adequate potash, lime, and phosphoric acid.

भारतातील काही प्रजाती पुढीलप्रमाणे : (a) वाघ (b) भारतीय चित्ता (c) सॅलमेंडर (d) गीब्बन (e) माळढोक (f) दोनशिंगी गेंडा वरीलपैकी कोणती/कोणत्या प्रजाती नष्ट झाली/झाल्या आहे/आहेत ? Some of the species from India are as follows : (a) Tiger (b) Indian cheetah (c) Salemender (d) Gibbon (e) Great Indian Bustard (f) Two horned Rhinoceros Which is/are the extinct species from India ?

The Indian Cheetah and the Two-horned Rhinoceros (Sumatran rhinoceros) are officially declared extinct from the wild in India.

सुपोषण-बाबत विधाने (a) प्राथमिकरित्या डोंगराळ भागातील वाहत्या पाण्यामध्ये सुपोषण होते. (b) सुपोषण हे थांबलेल्या पाण्यात होते आणि त्यामध्ये जिवांचा आणि त्यांनी उत्पादित केलेल्या बाबींचा हळूहळू संचय होतो. (c) सुपोषणामुळे तयार झालेल्या शेवाळाचा पुंज हा अन्न म्हणून उपयोग होऊन माशांच्या वाढीसाठी पोषक ठरतो. (d) सुपोषणित पाणी हे ऑक्सिजन संपन्न असते आणि कुठलीही प्रक्रिया न करता मानवी वापरास सुरक्षित असते. वरीलपैकी कोणते/कोणती विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहेत ?

Eutrophication occurs in standing or slow-moving water bodies (not fast-flowing hill streams), leading to nutrient enrichment, algal blooms that can feed fish, but ultimately depleting oxygen and harming water safety.

शास्त्रज्ञांनी दिलेले वातावरण बदलांचे काही सिद्धांत खालीलप्रमाणे : (a) सर जॉर्ज सिम्प्सन सिद्धांत (b) सौर डागांच्या चक्रावर आधारित सिद्धांत (c) खगोलशास्त्र विषयक सिद्धांत (d) वातावरणातील वायू जे निवडक प्रकाशाचे किरण शोषून घेतात, त्यांच्या बदल्याच्या प्रमाणावरचा सिद्धांत वातावरण बदलाच्या कोणत्या सिद्धांतानुसार पाच मूलभूत परिणाम ग्राह्य धरून त्यावर आधारित बर्फातील प्रदेशातील बर्फाचे प्रसरण आणि आकुंचनाचे गणितीय मॉडेल दिले गेले आहे ?

The astronomical theory of climate change (Milankovitch cycles), involving orbital changes, is used in mathematical models to calculate glacial expansion and contraction in polar ice regions.

वनस्पतीपासून मिळविलेल्या सजीवांमध्ये सक्रीय असणाऱ्या संयुगाची यादी : (a) निकोटीन - तंबाखू वनस्पतीपासून (b) निबीडाईन - कडू लिंबापासून (c) रोटीनोनी - डेरिस झुलिप्टापासून (d) पायरीथ्रम - क्रायसॅथमम सिनक्रैफोलीअमपासून अदिम लोकांनी वनस्पतीचे सार काढून, सजीवांमध्ये सक्रीय असणारे संयुग मिळविले व त्याचा वापर मासे स्तभीत करण्यासाठी केला? यासाठी वरीलपैकी कोणता पर्याय बरोबर आहे? List of bioactive compounds obtained from plants : (a) Nicotine - from tobacco plant (b) Nibidine - from neem plant (c) Rotenone - from derris elliptica (d) Pyrethrum - from chrysanthemum cincrariefolium The bioactive compound extracted from plant was used by primitive people for paralysing the fish. Which of the above options was resorted to by them?

Rotenone, extracted from the roots of Derris elliptica, is a natural bioactive compound historically used by indigenous peoples as a piscicide to stun or paralyze fish for easy catching.

जैविकविधेतेच्या ह्रासासंबंधी घटक : (a) भू वापरातील बदलामुळे होणारा वस्तीस्थानांचा ह्रास. (b) प्रदूषणामुळे होणारा वस्तीस्थानांचा ह्रास. (c) शिकार करणे. (d) रोग व साथीचे रोग पसरणे. (e) प्रजातीचा अति उपसा. वरीलपैकी कोण/कोणते घटक पाणी हे वस्तीस्थान असणाऱ्या ठिकाणची जैवविविधता कमी होण्यास मोठ्या प्रमाणात कारणीभूत ठरतो/ठरतात. Aspects related to the loss of biodiversity : (a) Habitat loss due to change in land use. (b) Habitat loss due to pollution. (c) Predation. (d) Outbreak of diseases and epidemics. (e) Excessive exploitation of species. Which of the above is/are the major causative factor(s) for decreasing biodiversity from aquatic habitat ?

In aquatic ecosystems, pollution (b) alters water quality and destroys habitats, while excessive exploitation (e) like overfishing directly depletes species populations.

अनेकअंगी दारिद्र्य निर्देशांकाने 1997 मध्ये कोणत्या निर्देशांकाची जागा घेतली ?

The Human Poverty Index (HPI), introduced by the UNDP in 1997, was later superseded by the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) launched in 2010.

भारतातील भूअधिकार सुधारणा धोरणाचे खालीलपैकी कोणते ध्येय नव्हते ?

Land reform policies in India focused on abolition of intermediaries, tenancy reforms, and cooperative farming, whereas agricultural finance is handled by banking institutions and RBI/NABARD, not as a primary core goal of land tenure reforms.

खालील विधाने नियोजन आयोगाने दिलेल्या भारतीय दारिद्र्याच्या अंदाजासंबंधी आहेत. वरीलपैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ?

According to Planning Commission estimates, poverty in India shows regional concentration, urban poverty reduction has outpaced rural poverty reduction in certain periods, poverty rates increased in specific states like Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, and Bihar during certain spells, and the Lakdawala expert group methodology was historically accepted.

आर्थिक प्रगतीसाठी वित्त उभे करण्याच्या खालीलपैकी कोणत्या पद्धतीमुळे भाववाढ निर्माण होऊ शकते ?

Deficit financing (printing new currency or borrowing from the central bank to cover budget shortfalls) injects unbacked money into the economy, increasing money supply and directly triggering inflation.

दारिद्र्य तफावत गुणोत्तर हे शिर गणती गुणोत्तरापेक्षा निरपेक्ष दारिद्र्य मापनाचे जास्त चांगले मापक आहे कारण

Poverty Gap Ratio measures the depth of poverty by considering not just the number of poor people, but also how far below the poverty line their incomes fall.

जेव्हा आपण जातीच्या उत्क्रांतीचा विचार करत असतो तेव्हा लक्षात ठेवावयास हवे की :

In evolutionary biology, evolution does not mean progress toward a single superior goal; rather, it generates immense diversity and adapts populations to their environments without implying older species are inefficient.

रिओ अर्थ समीट, अजेंडा 21 ने खालीलपैकी कोणत्या विभागात कार्य करण्याचे आश्वासन दिले?

Agenda 21 from the Rio Earth Summit (1992) is a comprehensive action plan encompassing social and economic dimensions (poverty, sustainable settlements), strengthening major groups (women, NGOs, local governments), and resource conservation and management (combating deforestation).

भारतातील पशुधनाबाबत पुढील विधानांचा विचार करा : वरील कोणते विधान अयोग्य आहे.

India possesses a massive livestock population with high cattle numbers, Indian cows are referred to as 'tea cup cows' due to lower average milk yields compared to exotic breeds, India holds around 50% of the world's buffaloes, and buffalo milk constitutes nearly 50% of India's total milk production. Thus, no statement is incorrect.

राष्ट्रीय लोकसंख्या धोरण 2000 चे तातडीचे उद्दिष्ट म्हणजे : / The immediate objective of National Population Policy 2000 is to :

The immediate objective of the National Population Policy 2000 was to address unmet needs for contraception, health infrastructure, and integrated service delivery for reproductive and child health.

खालील विधाने भारतातील दारिद्र्याच्या संकल्पनेशी संलग्न आहेत : / Following statements relate to the definition of poverty in India : वरीलपैकी कोणती विधाने एस. डी. तेंडुलकर कमिटीच्या दारिद्र्यसंकल्पनेनुसार बरोबर आहेत ? / Which of the above statements is/are correct as per the definition of poverty given by S.D. Tendulkar Committee ?

The S.D. Tendulkar Committee recommended a new methodology that explicitly included private expenditure on health and education alongside food, moving away from purely calorie-norm-based poverty lines.

सन 2045 पर्यंत लोकसंख्या स्थिरीकरण करण्यास्तव आपल्या राष्ट्रीय लोकसंख्या धोरणाची सामाजिक व लोकसंख्यात्मक उद्दिष्टे काय आहेत?

National Population Policy (2000) goals aimed at stabilizing population by 2045 include reducing infant mortality rate below 30 per 1000 live births, delaying marriage for girls (preferably below 18-20), ensuring 80% institutional deliveries, and 100% deliveries by trained personnel. Raising marriage age by law (e) was not among the primary socio-demographic targets of NPP 2000.

कृषी व सहकार विभागाने केशरी मोहीम (सफ्रॉन मिशन) सन 2010 ते 2014 मध्ये राबविण्यासाठी सुरू केली आहे ज्यामध्ये पुढील बाबींचा समावेश आहे :

The Saffron Mission launched by the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperation included replantation, soil health improvement, irrigation development, and research & extension support to boost saffron production in Jammu & Kashmir.

राष्ट्रीय महिला सक्षमीकरण धोरण 2000 चा प्रयत्न : / The National Policy for Empowerment of Women (2000) seeks to :

The National Policy for Empowerment of Women (2000) aims to eliminate discrimination and violence against women while ensuring human rights and equal opportunities.

11व्या पंचवार्षिक योजनेतील राष्ट्रीय कृषी विकास योजनेचे प्रमुख उद्दिष्ट कोणते ? / The main objective of Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna in 11th five year plan was :

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) was launched during the 11th Five Year Plan to incentivize states to increase public investment in agriculture and allied sectors to achieve higher growth rates.

खालील विधाने सहस्रकातील विकासाच्या उद्दिष्टांच्या (स.वि.उ.) संदर्भातील आहेत. वरील कोणती विधाने खरी आहेत ?

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) had a target date of 2015 (a), aimed to halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water (b), and consisted of eight goals in total (d).

खालील वाक्ये विचारात घ्या. वरीलपैकी कोणती वाक्ये बरोबर आहेत ?

Blotting paper action, kerosene lamp functioning, and water transport in tall trees all rely on capillary action (surface tension/capillarity). If surface tension or related capillary properties were absent or hindered, blotting paper wouldn't absorb, kerosene lamps wouldn't draw oil, and trees couldn't transport water upwards against gravity.

खालील वाक्ये लक्षात घ्या. (a) कणाची वेधनशक्ती (सामर्थ्य) ही त्याच्या वस्तुमानाच्या व्यस्त प्रमाणात असते. (b) अल्फा कणाची वेधनशक्ती (सामर्थ्य) ही बीटा कण्याच्या वेधन शक्ती (सामर्थ्य) पेक्षा कमी आहे. खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान वरील वाक्यांची परिस्थिती योग्य रीत्या दाखवते? Consider the following statements : (a) Penetrating power of a particle is inversely proportional to its mass. (b) Penetrating power of α(alpha) particle is less than that of β(Beta) particle. Which one of the following gives a correct picture about the above statements ?

Penetrating power is inversely proportional to mass (heavier particles interact more and lose energy faster). Since alpha particles are much heavier than beta particles, their penetrating power is less than that of beta particles.

खालील धातू विचारत घ्या. (a) प्लॅटिनम (b) सोने (c) तांबे (d) शिसे चढत्या धनतेनुसार त्यांची क्रमवारी लिहा : Consider the following metals : (a) Platinum (b) Gold (c) Copper (d) Lead Their correct arrangement in the increasing order of density is :

Platinum has the highest density among the given metals, followed by gold, lead, and copper. Arranging them in increasing order gives copper, lead, gold, and platinum.

डायक्लोरोडिफेनिलट्रायकलोरो इथेन (डीडीटी) सर्वप्रथम क्लोरेनिडेटेड ऑरगॅनिक कीटकनाशक असून परिणामकारक कीड नष्ट करणाऱ्या त्याच्या गुणांकास्ता पॉल मुलर यांना मेडीसीन व फिजिऑलॉजीचे 1948 चे नोबेल पारितोषिक प्रदान करण्यात आले. वरील कोणती विधाने खरी आहेत ? Dichlorodiphenyl Trichloro Ethane (DDT) is the first chlorinated organic insecticide for the discovery of its effectiveness as an insecticide Paul Muller was awarded Nobel Prize in Medicine and physiology in 1948. Which of the above statements are correct ?

DDT is a historic synthetic insecticide credited with stopping vector-borne diseases like malaria and typhus. It affects aquatic life negatively and persists in animal fatty tissues due to poor metabolism.

खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान सत्य नाही ? Which of the following statements is not true ?

SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) uses sound waves for underwater navigation and detection, whereas gold plating is an electrochemical process, making statement 4 false.

पाण्याच्या थेंबाविषयी पुढे सर्वसाधारण विधाने आहेत : (a) पाण्याच्या थेंबाचा आकार गोलाकार असण्यास पृष्ठताण कारणीभूत आहे. (b) गुरुत्वाकर्षण नसतानाही पाण्याच्या थेंबाचा आकार गोल असतो. (c) जर पाण्याचे वस्तुमान ताणले गेले तर थेंब तयार होतात. वरीलपैकी कोणते/कोणती विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहे/आहेत ?

Surface tension minimizes the surface area of a liquid, giving water drops a spherical shape. This holds true even without gravity, and stretching liquid masses results in droplet formation.

वनस्पतीशास्त्रानुसार फाइबर वनस्पतीपासून 'बास्ट फायबर्स' मिळतात. प्रत्यक्षात ते वनस्पतींच्या खालीलपैकी कोणत्या भागात असतात ?

Bast fibers are plant fibers collected from the phloem (रसवाहिन्या) surrounding the stem of certain dicotyledonous plants, used to make yarn and fabric.

डॉ वर्गीज् कुरीयन यांच्याबाबत काय खरे नाही? / What is not true of Dr. Verghese Kurien?

Dr. Verghese Kurien was awarded the Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1963, contrary to statement (e) which claims he did not receive it. He also received the Padma Vibhushan.

खालील विधानांचा विचार करा : / Consider the following statements.

High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) is known as 'good cholesterol', not bad cholesterol. Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) is considered bad cholesterol, and statement two incorrectly attributes LDL functions to HDL.

खालील संप्रेकापैकी कोणते विसंगत आहे ? / Which of the following hormones is odd ?

Glucocorticoids, progesterone and testosterone are all steroid hormones, made from cholesterol by the adrenal cortex and the gonads. Insulin is a protein (peptide) hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas, so it is the odd one out.

खालीलपैकी कशास एंजाइमस्चा को-फॅक्टर असे म्हणता येईल ? / Which of the following may be called as co - factor of an enzyme ?

Co-factors are non-protein chemical compounds or metallic ions that are bound to an enzyme and are required for the enzyme's biological activity.

सामान्यतः किडनीमधून खालीलपैकी कशाचे गाळण होत नाही ? / Generally through kidney which of the following is not filtered ?

During ultrafiltration in the kidneys, large molecules like blood proteins and formed elements (blood cells) are normally not filtered out.

कोळशाचे ____________ अवस्थेमध्ये रूपांतर करून त्याचा अतिशय कार्यक्षम व स्वच्छ ईंधण म्हणून वापर करता येतो. / Coal can be made more efficient and cleaner fuel by converting it into _________.

Coal can be converted into gaseous or liquid fuels (like producer gas, water gas, or synthetic natural gas via gasification/liquefaction) making it a cleaner and more efficient fuel.

___________ औषधी द्रव्य नैसर्गिक उत्पादन आहे.

Natural medicinal drugs are obtained directly from plant or animal sources (like quinine, morphine, or penicillin derived sources), serving as natural products compared to fully synthetic drugs.

रेणूमध्ये अणू _________ बलाद्वारे एकत्रित ठेवले जातात.

Atoms in a molecule are held together by chemical bonds formed through electron sharing or transfer.

बटाटा चीप्स उत्पादक, चीप्स बॅगेत भरताना त्यासोबत एक वायू भरतात, जेणेकरून चीप्स ऑक्‍सिडाईझ होत नाहीत. खालीलपैकी कोणता वायू यासाठी वापरला जातो ?

Nitrogen gas is flushed into potato chip bags to displace oxygen, preventing the chips from getting rancid through oxidation.

पांढऱ्या कपड्यावर पडलेला वरणाचा डाग साबण लावल्यावर लालसर तपकिरी (रेंडिश ब्राउन) होतो. तो अधिक पाण्याने धुतल्यावर पुन्हा पिवळा होतो. तो आधी लालसर तपकिरी (रेंडिश ब्राउन) होतो कारण - A stain of curry on a white cloth becomes reddish brown when soap is scrubbed on it. It turns yellow again when the cloth is washed with plenty of water. It had turned reddish brown because :

Curry contains turmeric, which acts as a natural indicator. Soap is basic in nature, changing turmeric's color to reddish brown, which reverts when diluted.

जर फुग्यामध्ये कोरडी हवा भरली तर त्यामध्ये असलेल्या 79% नायट्रोजन आणि 21% ऑक्सिजन पैकी कोणत्या घटकांची 25° सेल्सियसला सर्व प्रथम बाहेर गळती होईल? If balloon is filled with dry air which contains mixture of 79% N₂ and 21% O₂ at 25°C then which component of the air will effuse out first ?

According to Graham's law of effusion, the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass. Since Nitrogen (M = 28) is lighter than Oxygen (M = 32), Nitrogen effuses out first.

खालीलपैकी शुद्ध पदार्थ कोणता ? / Indicate which of the following is a pure substance ?

Iron (लोह) is a chemical element and therefore a pure substance, whereas gasoline, cow's milk, and sea water are mixtures containing multiple components.

खालील कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ? / Which one of the following statements is incorrect ?

F.W. Libby won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1960) for developing radiocarbon dating, not in Physics as stated in option (g). Hence, statement (g) is incorrect.

भारतरत्न पुरस्कार प्राप्त करणारी पहिली बिगर-भारतीय (अभारतीय) व्यक्ती कोण? Who is the first non - Indian recipient of the Bharat Ratna award ?

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (Frontier Gandhi) from Pakistan was the first non-Indian recipient of the Bharat Ratna award in 1987.

राज्य लोकसेवा आयोगाच्या अध्यक्षांची बडतर्फो कोण करू शकतो? Who can remove the Chairman of the State Public Service Commission ?

The Chairman of a State Public Service Commission (SPSC) can be removed only by the President of India on grounds of misbehaviour or incapacity, even though they are appointed by the Governor.

भारतीय राज्यघटनेत खालीलपैकी कोणते मूलभूत कर्तव्य समाविष्ट नाही ?

Fundamental Duties (Article 51A, Part IVA) were added by the 42nd Amendment. Non-fundamental duties like paying taxes as a specific duty format or family planning are often falsely listed, whereas voting in elections is a statutory/democratic right, not explicitly a fundamental duty under 51A.

खालील विधाने पहा. / Consider the following statements:

Tulsi Gabbard is indeed the first Hindu woman elected to the US House of Representatives and was also recognized by the Kuwait Army National Guard, making both statements correct.

भारतीय निर्धर्मपणाला एक 'मोझेक' फ्रेम का म्हटले आहे? / Why is Indian Secularism called as a mosaic frame?

Indian secularism is described as a 'mosaic frame' because it accommodates diverse religions and languages with dignity, allows groups to preserve their identity within a composite culture, and unites the masses without a state religion.

जगातील सर्वात लोकप्रिय गुप्तहेर - जेम्स बाँड ! खालीलपैकी कोणी आतापावेतो जेम्स बाँड चा रोल केलेला नाही ? / James Bond is the most popular spy of the World ! Who among the following has not played the role of James Bond so far ?

Sean Connery, Pierce Brosnan, and Daniel Craig have all officially played James Bond. Omar Sharief is a legendary actor who never played 007.

कोणत्या शहराला 'अरबी समुद्राची राणी' (क्वीन ऑफ अरेबियन सी) म्हटले जाते ? / Which city is called the 'Queen of Arabian Sea' ?

Kochi (Cochin) in Kerala is known as the 'Queen of the Arabian Sea' due to its long history as an important spice trading port and natural harbor.

खालीलपैकी कोणती भाषा जगातील सर्वात कमी शब्द असलेली भाषा आहे ? / Which one of the following languages of the world has the least number of words ?

Hawaiian is widely recognized in linguistic trivia as having one of the smallest phoneme inventories and a very limited set of words compared to massive classical languages.

महाराष्ट्र राज्यातील जिल्हा परिषद निवडणुकाबाबत कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ? / Which one of the following statements is incorrect in respect of elections of Zilla Parishads in Maharashtra State ?

In Maharashtra, elections to Zilla Parishads and Panchayat Samitis are conducted under specific state acts and supervised by the State Election Commission, with rules regarding reservation and tenure clearly mandated.

खालीलपैकी कोणत्या एका राज्याने भारतात सर्वप्रथम "सेज" विषयक धोरण रद्द केले ? / Which one of the following states, is the first to scrap the "SEZ" policy in India ?

Goa was famously one of the first states in India to scrap its Special Economic Zone (SEZ) policy due to widespread local protests over land acquisition and environmental concerns.

उच्च न्यायालयाच्या खालीलपैकी कोणत्या मुख्य अधिकार कक्षा आहेत?

High Courts in India possess original, appellate, and supervisory jurisdictions under Articles 226, 227, etc. Advisory jurisdiction is vested exclusively in the Supreme Court under Article 143.

युद्ध, परकीय आक्रमण किंवा लष्करी उठाव यामुळे निर्माण होणाऱ्या आणीबाणीच्या परिस्थितीला तोंड देण्यासाठी घटनेने केंद्र शासनाल कोणते विशेष अधिकार दिले आहेत? योग्य पर्याय निवडा.

During a National Emergency, the Centre can give executive directions to states, legislate on State List subjects, and alter revenue distribution provisions between the Centre and states.

रिकामी जागा योग्य शब्दाने भरा. एका शासकीय नोकरास लाच घेताना पकडण्यास्तव तयार केलेल्या सापळ्यात फेनाँफथेलीन पावडर लावलेल्या नोटा वापरल्या गेल्या. गुन्ह्यासाठी पुरावा म्हणून त्यावर शिंपडलेले सोडियम कार्बोनेट __________ रंगाचे व्हावयास हवे. (1) निळे (2) जांभळे (3) लाल (4) काळे Fill in the blank appropriately. A trap laid for apprehending a Govt. employee taking bribe used phenophthelein powder coated currency notes. A solution of sodium carbonate sprinkled on the notes must turn __________ for lending proof for the crime. (1) blue (2) purple (3) red (4) black

Phenolphthalein is colorless in acidic/neutral medium and turns pink/purple in basic medium. Sodium carbonate is a basic salt, turning phenolphthalein purple/pink.

भारतीय राजघटनांचे वैशिष्ट्ये व जगातील इतर राजघटनेची उसनवारी यांच्या जोड्या लावा. (योग्य पर्याय निवडा) यादी क्र. - 1 वैशिष्ट्ये (a) राज्यपालंचे पद (b) न्यायालयीन पुनरावलोकन (c) राज्यधोरणांची मार्गदर्शक तत्त्वे (d) संसदीय राज्यपद्धती Match the features of Indian Constitution with the sources borrowed from different constitutions of the world. (use correct codes) List 1 - Features (a) Office of the Governor (b) Judicial Review (c) Directive Principles of State policy (d) Parliamentary System of Government Codes :

Office of the Governor is borrowed from the Government of India Act 1935 (i), Judicial Review from US (iv), DPSP from Ireland (iii), and Parliamentary System from Britain (ii).

ऑस्कर पिस्टोरियस इतक्यात बातम्यांत होता. त्याच्याबद्दल पुढीलपैकी काय खरे नाही?

Oscar Pistorius is a South African athlete, not a citizen of the United Kingdom. Therefore, statement (d) is factually incorrect.

सन 2011 च्या जनगणनेनुसार भारतातील सर्वात अधिक लोकसंख्या असलेली पाच शहरे त्यांच्या उतरत्या लोकसंख्येच्या क्रमात कोणती आहेत?

According to the 2011 Census, the top five most populous urban agglomerations/cities in India in descending order are Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Hyderabad, and Ahmedabad.

एखाद्या राज्याच्या मुख्यमंत्र्यांना हटवता येऊ शकते जर : / The Chief Minister of a state can be removed if :

A Chief Minister can be removed if the Legislative Assembly passes a no-confidence motion or if the Governor determines a breakdown of constitutional machinery (leading to President's Rule).

खालीलपैकी कोणती व्यक्ती, संस्था, चळवळ संबंधी सन 2012 - 2013 मध्ये शताब्दी नव्हती? / The year 2012 - 2013 was not a centenary year for which Personality/Institution/Movement of the following?

Centenary years are calculated 100 years after an event (2012-2013 minus 100 = 1912-1913). Personalities or institutions established around 1912-1913 had their centenaries, while others did not.

73व्या घटनादुरुस्तीनुसार पंचायती संस्थांच्या रचनेबद्दलच्या कोणत्या तरतुदी राज्य सरकारांसाठी ऐच्छिक आहेत ?

Under the 73rd Constitutional Amendment, provisions like 3-tier structure and fixed tenure are mandatory, whereas the role and scope of Gram Sabha and District Planning Committee are voluntary/discretionary for state legislatures.

महाराष्ट्र जिल्हा परिषद आणि पंचायत समिती कायद्यात पदाधिकाऱ्याविरुद्धच्या अविश्वास ठरावाच्या बाबतीत खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ?

According to the Maharashtra Zilla Parishad and Panchayat Samiti Act, a meeting called for a no-confidence motion against office bearers is presided over by an officer appointed by the Collector or designated authority, not solely by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Zilla Parishad.

केंद्रीय लोकसेवा आयोगाच्या अध्यक्षांचा निर्धारित कार्यकाल :

The Chairman and members of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) hold office for a term of 6 years or until they attain the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.

भारतीय नागरिकांना उपलब्ध असलेल्या घटनात्मक संरक्षणच्या हक्काच्या खालीलपैकी कोणत्या तरतुदी आहेत? अनूक उत्तराचा योग्य तो संकेत निवडा.

Citizens can approach courts for enforcement of Fundamental Rights (Art 32/226), the Supreme Court can issue writs, and Parliament can empower other courts to issue writs without prejudicing SC powers (Art 32).

भारतातील लोकपाल व लोकायुक्त ही पदे खालील कोणाशी साधर्म्य दर्शविणारी आहेत ? / The office of Lokpal and Lokayukta in India resemble which of the following?

The office of Lokpal and Lokayukta in India is modeled after the Ombudsman institution found in Scandinavian countries like Sweden.

महाराष्ट्र दारू पिऊन गाडी चालवणे बेकायदेशीर आहे. पुढील बाबींसाठीही परवाना लागतो - (a) अधिकृत दुकानातून दारू विकत घेण्यासाठी. (b) हॉटेल वा ''बार'' मध्ये दारू पिण्यासाठी. (c) आपल्या घरात दारू ठेवण्यासाठी. (d) एका जागेवरून दुसरीकडे दारू नेण्यासाठी. वरीलपैकी कोणते विधान/विधाने चुकीचे/चुकीची आहे/आहेत? / It is illegal to drink and drive in Maharashtra and one also needs a permit : (a) to buy liquor from an authorised shop. (b) to consume liquor in a hotel or a bar. (c) to possess it in your house. (d) to carry it from one place to another. Which of the above four statements is/are incorrect ?

Under Maharashtra prohibition and excise laws, permits are legally required for purchasing liquor from authorized shops, consuming in bars, possessing at home, and transporting it. None of the statements are incorrect.

केंद्र सरकारने सुरू केलेल्या थेट रोख रक्कम लाभ हस्तांतर योजनेसंबंधी काय खरे नाही ? What is not true of the Direct Cash Benefits Transfer Scheme launched by the Central Govt. ?

All statements provided regarding the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) scheme launch details, pilot phase across districts, Aadhaar linkage, and implementation hurdles are factually true.

अंतर्राष्ट्रीय नाणेनिधीसंदर्भात खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान सत्य आहे ? Which one of the following statements is correct, regarding the International Monetary Fund ?

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) specifically provides financial assistance and loans exclusively to its member countries to help overcome balance of payment difficulties.

खालील विधाने पहा. (a) 1 जानेवारी 1950 रोजी प्रजासत्ताक चीनला मान्यता देणारा भारत हा प्रथम देश होता. (b) संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघाच्या सुरक्षा परिषदेतील चीनच्या कायम सदस्यत्वासाठी भारताने आक्षेप घेतला होता. वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहेत ? Consider the following statements : (a) India was the first country to recognize the people's Republic of China on 1st January, 1950. (b) India objected to China's permanent membership in the Security Council of UN. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

India was indeed the non-communist country outside the Soviet bloc to recognize the People's Republic of China on January 1, 1950. However, India did not object to China's UN Security Council membership in the way stated; rather, Nehru advocated for China's seat.

जर एखाद्या व्यक्तीची राष्ट्रपती म्हणून झालेली निवडणूक सर्वोच्च न्यायालयाने रद्द केली तर त्या व्यक्तीने तत्पूर्वी केलेले आदेश : (1) विधिग्राह्य ठरतात (2) विधिग्राह्य राहतात (3) विधिग्राह्य अथवा अग्राह्य सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ठरवते (4) प्रकरण परत्वे ठरविल्पा जाते If an election to the post of the President of India is set aside by the Supreme Court then the orders made by the incumbent until then : (1) Become invalid (2) Remain valid (3) The Supreme Court decides whether they are valid or otherwise (4) It is decided on case to case basis.

If the Supreme Court declares a President's election void, acts and orders done by the President prior to such declaration remain fully valid and legal.

पुढील विधाने पहावीत. (a) राजीव गांधींच्या हत्याकांडात नलिनीला ठोठावलेली देहदंडाची शिक्षा राज्य मंत्रीमंडळाने शिफारस केली व काँग्रेस प्रमुख सोनिया गांधींनी तसे आवाहन केले म्हणून आजन्म कारावासात बदलली गेली. (b) न्यायमूर्ती के.टी. थॉमस, ज्यांनी सर्वोच्च न्यायालयात मृत्यू दंड नक्की केला होता यांना आता असे वाटते की राजीव गांधींच्या हत्यांकरिता उरवीत तिघांना देहदंड देणे योग्य होणार नाही कारण आरोपींच्या पुर्वतिहास, स्वभाव व चरित्र्य मृत्यू दंड निश्चित करताना पाहीले गेले नव्हते. Consider the following statements : (a) Nalinis death penalty for Rajiv Gandhi's assassination was commuted to life imprisonment on the basis of a recommendation of the state cabinet and an appeal by the Congress Chief Sonia Gandhi. (b) Justice K.T. Thomas who headed the Supreme Court bench that confirmed the death rap now feels that it would be incorrect to hang the remaining three sentenced to death for Rajiv Gandhi's assassination as the antecedents, nature and character of the accused were not considered before.

Both statements regarding Nalini's commutation and Justice K.T. Thomas's later reflections on the death sentences of Rajiv Gandhi's assassins are correct based on historical legal events and public appeals.